- ( REMARKABLE ) Was the event remarked on by people at the time or

since ?

Yes, it leaves an impact on people's minds. Even today, the topic during

Marcos regime has arisen again as the dictator's son has filed a presidential

campaign for the next 2022 election, and people are beginning to delve into

the reality behind Marcos regime . I will provide a reasons why it is

remarked by the public.

Photo Credit : https://libcom.org/blog/never-ending-martial-law-

anarchist-reflection-21st-september-21092020

1. The implementation of MARTIAL LAW during Marcos' administration was

the "DARKEST PERIOD" in recent history. . According to the article Tortyur :

Human Rights Violation during Marcos Regime by Michael Charleston “ Xiao “

Briones Chua ” You will clearly recognize the facts behind martial law when

it’s enacted. The number of individuals tortured at that time is not a joke.

Where in The Numbers: Hair-raising Statistics on the extent of human rights

violations were hair-raising. Danilo Vizmanos, a West Point-trained Navy

Captain turned activist, estimates the extent of suffering under martial

law:7,000 victims of torture, 2,000 salvaged or summarily executed, 1,000

people disappeared (Malanes 1999, 16).

“VISUAL REPRESENTATION OF THE TORTURE METHODS DURING

MARTIAL LAW “

Photo Credit : https://www.rappler.com/nation/torture-martial-law-

marcos-regime

2. It also remarked by the public because of the names and faces of the

various torture techniques that victims have been treated to such as Electric

Shock , San Juanico Bridge in which —the victim lies between two beds and

if his/her body falls or sags, the victim will be beaten., Truth Serum , Russian

Roulette , Beating , Pistol-Whipping—beating with rifle butts; one of the

techniques endured by Reynaldo Guillermo, Roberto Sunga, Joseph Gatus

and Nathan Quimpo , Water Cure another favorite technique. Huge amounts

of water would be forced through into the victim’s mouth, and by beating

would be forced out. This was applied to Guillermo Ponce de Leon, Alfonso
Abzagado and Andrew Ocampo and many more. (Aquino 1984, 2000, 89-

105, 110-113; Mijares 1976, 276-324)

Link where you can watch the interview of one of the victim during martial law

https://youtu.be/8KheV09x-28

3. It also remarked by the people because of some cases of sexual torture

that illustrate that in a repressive regime, even women are not respected.

- first , Etta Rosales, a teacher at the José Rizal College, was brought to a

safe house in Pasig where she was tortured. She was stripped naked when

she suffered the Russian Roulette, electric shocks, strangulation, and candle

burns. His torturers only stopped when she pretended to be dying. Years

later, one of her torturers, Lt. Rodolfo Aguinaldo, even became her colleague

at the House of Representatives (Magsaysay 1999) This is one among

numerous cases of sexual torture suffered by women during the Marcos

administration. The following information is a list of the reasons why it was

remarked by the public.

Overall, it is still memorable to the public because of the countless killings.

( RESULTING CHANCE ) DOES IT HAVE CONSEQUENCES FOR THE
FUTURE?

Yes, it leaves an impacts to the future generations simply because they need to

consider correctly when it comes to voting for the appropriate president so that the

history does not repeat itself; the future is dependent on voters, because many

people perished under Marcos' regime.

Source : Tortyur: Human Rights Violations Under the Marcos Dictatorship by Michael

Charleston " Xiao " Briones Chua contains the names of those who died during the

Marcos regime.

( REVEALING ) DOES IT REVEAL SOME OTHER ASPECTS OF THE

PAST?

Yes, especially for future generations who were not yet around at the time, we should

be educated and intelligent when picking the proper president, voting for the

appropriate and deserving person to lead the Philippines, so that what occurred in

the past does not happen again and no one is orphaned or harmed.

REMEMBERED : Was the event /development important at some stage within

the collective memory of a group or groups?

A lot of people remember fondly the peace and order brought by Martial Law,

but at what cost? Even criminals have to be treated humanely by law, so are

political detainees even if they are Considered “enemies of the state.”

People say, not just the young, but even the people who lived through Martial

Law said that “Marcos is the greatest president.” They remember fondly that

life was not that hard at that time. Because President Ferdinand Marcos

imposed discipline and everyone was afraid of him, there was peace and

order. And those who became victims of torture, they are not so many
anyway, and most of them are really rebels and communists, enemies of the

state. Because little development happened after the 1986 People Power th at

toppled the Marcos dictatorship, people even blame that revolution for making

their lives w orst and imagine a return to an iron fist regime that would once

again “discipline” the Filip inos for our damaged culture. Collapse

QUANTITY : How many people were affected ? did the event affect many ,
everyone , or just few? A whole barrio , town , province , country or the entire
race?

According to the article that I read, There’s a lot of people have been affected
by this event. The Statistics on the extent of human rights violations were hair-
raising. Danilo Vizmanos, a West Point-trained Navy Captain turned activist,
estimates the extent of suffering under martial law:
7,000 victims of torture, 2,000 salvaged or summarily executed, 1,000 people
disappeared
(Malanes 1999, 16). His estimate is similar to the number of legal claimants of
human rights
Violations against the Marcoses in the Hawaii case: 9,539 (Rosales 1999, 12)
In addition to this, the Task Force Detainees of the Philippines gives numbers
to more specific
Inicdences. In their record, from 1965-1986, the numbers were as follows:
2,668 incidents of arrests
306 total number of arrested individuals

Relevance : Yes, it is significant because it represents a sad period in their

lives especially to those family of the victims. Also, yes, it is still important
today since the forthcoming election will be held again, and the dictator's son
will run for president.

DURABILITY :For how long have people’s lives been affected ? A day , a
week , a year or all their lives ?
- This began almost 10 years of military rule in the country. Marcos formally
ended Martial Law on January 17, 1981.
Source: https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/martial-law-explainer-victims-
stories

RESONANCE
1. WHO WERE/HAVE BEEN AFFECTED BY EVENT? WHY WAS IT
IMPORTANT TO THEM?
The people who have been affected when the martial law was implemented
are:
Senators like ( Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino and Jose "Pepe" Diokno)
ACTIVISTS
INNOCENT PEOPLE
- Roland Simbulan - he was tortures in four days at camp crame.
- Primitivo mijares
- Peter villasenor - torture in 9 days and nights
- Satur Ocampo - Director of a worker's union of a newspaper
Etta Rosales - Teacher at Jose Rizal college
- Hilda narciso - a student activist
- Fe mangahas -
- Isabelita guillerno
- reynaldo guillerno
- erlinda taruc-co
-lualhati roque
-Maria elena-ang
- Liliosa Hilao
- Noel Cerrudo Tiera
- Antonio "Tonyhil" hilario
- William Vincent "Bill" begg
Emmanuel “Eman” Lacaba
Lorena Barros
Juan Escandor
Edgar “Edjop” Jopson
Other people who have been affected by that event are
Priests, activists, students, farmers and ordinary people.

1. Why was it important to them?

- It is important to them because this is the time where they
experienced tortured, sufferings and inhuman treatment. It is important that
they achieved freedom. It is also important to us to remember the darkest time
in our history where many people suffered, died and tortured.

2. How were people's lives affected? Do people like to make analogies with it?
This video shows how the people lives have been affected in time of martial
law
https://youtu.be/5-P5PAbIuk8
- The people lives affected because they should be more careful on their
decision and all of their actions. Yes, some people like to compare their life in
time of martial law into this day. When the Philippines become a democratic
country where we have freedom to express ourselves. In my opinion, we don't
need to compare ourselves to those people who have experienced and
suffered in time of martial law. We do not have to experience what they
experienced before just to know the truth. We are not fools to not know the
truth.

PROFUNDITY : Was the event superficial or deeply affecting ? How people’s

lives were affected ? how are peoples lives affected ?
- Here are thousands of lives lost, and thousands of families destroyed. The
human rights violations happened, and they were real. Rape and other sexual
indignities were meant to isolate the individual from his or her compatriots and
the society. The violation of what they held sacred was so shameful that there
could never be an actual count of how many detainees were raped or
molested. In some cases, the pain of wives and mothers almost destroyed
their families. After her husband’s detention, Fe Mangahas’ marriage almost
broke down, as she and her husband felt very estranged from each other. Her
husband and son experienced health problems, and her career track as an
educator at that time was ruined (Azarcon-dela Cruz 1999, 4). Apart from
causing physical damage, they aim to break the spirit.

CONCLUSION
YES, it is significant in our history, when the martial law was
implemented many people suffered, died and experienced torture that time.
Survivors and families left behind by victims of the regime are still haunted by
the trauma they and their loved ones suffered at the hands of those who had
sworn to protect them. Decades after the Marcos regime, these stories
continue to be told, serving as stark reminders of the country's darkest years.
Even up to this day the martial law Survivors still have a trauma on what
they've experienced before.
it's significant because it teaches us how people with unchecked
power will use it to abuse and betray the freedom we've fighting for ever since
the revolution against spaniards. the people power is an important event
because it shows how we, the people, are able to overthrow a dictator to
reclaim democracy. Ferdinand Marcos denies all the allegations thrown at him
that time, even though many people know the truth but still remained silent
because they are fear to leaked the truth behind martial law torture to people.
We must wake up from the lies of our past and be brave to fight for the truth,
freedom and our future.