Perimeter, Area, and Volume

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1. The perimeter of a polygon (or any other closed curve, such as a circle) is the
distance around the outside.

2. The area of a simple, closed, planar curve is the amount of space inside.

3. The volume of a solid 3D 3 D shape is the amount of space displaced by it.

Some formulas for common 2 2 -dimensional plane figures and 3 3 -dimensional

solids are given below. The answers have one, two, or three dimensions;
perimeter is measured in linear units , area is measured in square units , and
volume is measured in cubic units .

Table 1 1 . Perimeter Formulas

Shape Formula Variables

s s is the
length of the
Square P=4s P = 4 s
side of the
square.

L L and W W
are the
P=2L+2W P = 2 L + 2 lengths of the
Rectangle
W rectangle's
sides (length
and width).

a,b a , b , and
Triangle a+b+c a + b + c c c are the
side lengths.

Right
a a and b b
Triangle,
are the
with legs a a P=a+b+a2+b2−−−−−−√
lengths of the
and b b (see P=a+b+a2+b2
two legs of
Pythagorean
the triangle
Theorem )

Circle P=C=2πr=πd P = C = 2 r r is the

πr=πd radius and d
 d is the
diameter.

Table 2. Area Formulas

Shape Formula Variables

s s is the
A=s2 A = s 2 length of the
Square
side of the
square.

L L and W W
are the
  lengths of the
Rectangle A=LW A = L W rectangle's
sides (length
and width).

b b and h h
Triangle A=12bh A = 1 2 b h are the base
and height

a a , b b , and c
c are the side
A=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−√where  s=a + b + c2
Triangle lengths and s s
A = s ( s − a ) ( s − b ) ( s − c ) where     s = a   +   b   +   c 2
is the
semiperimeter

b b is the
  length of the
Parallelogram A=bh A = b h base and h h
is the height.

b1 b 1 and b2
b 2 are the
lengths of the
parallel sides
Trapezoid A=b1 + b22h A = b 1   +   b 2 2 h and h h the
distance
(height)
between the
parallels.

r r is the
Circle A=πr2 A = π r 2
radius.

 
 Table 3. Volume Formulas

Shape Formula Variables

V=s3 V = s s s is the length of the

Cube 3 side.

Right V=LWH V L L is the length, W W

Rectangular =LWH is the width and H H
Prism is the height.

Prism or V=Ah V = A A is the area of the

Cylinder Ah base, h h is the height.

Pyramid or V=13Ah V A A is the area of the

Cone =13Ah base, h h is the height.

V=43πr3
Sphere V=43πr r r is the radius.
3