Patented Oct.

20, 1936
2,057,999

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE

2,057,999
CHORINATED RUBBER COATING
COMPOSITION
Walter D. Bowlby, Wilmington, Del, assignor to
Hercules Powder Company, Wilmington, Del, a
corporation of Delaware
No Drawing. Application October 18, 1934,
Serial No. 748,452
5 Claims. (C. 134-17)
This invention relates to an improved form of rine content of the chlorinated parafin. Thus
coating composition containing chlorinated rub chlorinated parafin containing less than 26-27%
ber as the base.
chlorine is incompatible in a ratio of 10 parts
Chlorinated rubber is produced by the action chlorinated rubber to 2 parts chlorinated par
of chlorine on raw or vulcanized rubber, and affin. Chlorinated paraffin containing 29% chlo
contains from 30% to 80% chlorine depending rine is, however, compatible 5
upon the procedure used in its production. U. S. in a ratio of 10:4,
Patents 1,234,381, 1544,529, 1544,530, and 1852 isandcompatible
a product containing 45% or more chlorine
10
043 among others describe in detail various therefore, thatin when a ratio of 10:10. It will be seen,
it is desired to include a
methods for the production of chlorinated rubber. relatively high percentage of chlorinated par 0.
While chlorinated rubber is readily soluble in affin in the coating composition, a product con
cheap solvents and is possessed of great resist
ance to weathering and to chemical action, it taining about 50% chlorine should be selected,
but that when only a relatively low percentage
cannot be used alone to form satisfactory pro of chlorinated paraffin is to be included, a prod
5 tective coatings because of the brittleness and
lack of adhesion of such coatings. It has accord uct containing as little as 30% chlorine may be
employed. The chlorinated rubber and chlorin
5
ingly been customary to modify the properties of
ated paraffin may be included in coating com
chlorinated rubber films used as protective coat
positions in accordance with this invention in
ings by the addition of a plasticizing agent to the
any proportions in which they are compatible.
20 coating composition from which the film is de As will be hereinafter shown, however, for certain 20
posited. It has, however, been difficult to plasti
purposes it is desirable to keep the ratio of these
cize chlorinated rubber satisfactorily without at two ingredients within certain limits.
the same time adversely affecting the resistance The composition will contain, in addition to
to weathering, light discoloration and chemical chlorinated rubber and a chlorinated paraffin,
25 attack of the protective coating produced. a suitable solvent or solvent mixture whereby 25
In accordance with this invention it has been the essential ingredients will be blended and a
found that chlorinated paraffin may advanta solution formed of viscosity or fluidity such as
geously be used to plasticize chlorinated rubber to
coating compositions, and that the protective as enable its application to a surface to be coated,
coatings formed from compositions so plasticized Thebysolvent
brushing, spraying, dipping, or otherwise.
or solvent mixture will be of a vola 30
are greatly superior to those hitherto known to tile nature and will act as a vehicle, being wholly
the art. The coating composition in accordance or
with this invention will accordingly comprise eS tionlargely removed by evaporation after applica
of the compositions to a surface for the for
sentially chlorinated rubber, chlorinated paraffin mation
and a solvent. In addition to these ingredients suitable of a film. The solvent may be of any
type for the purpose, for example, toluol, 35
the coating composition may contain, in any de xylol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, naphtha (high
sired amounts, resins, drying oils, pigments, etc. flash), or chlorinated solvents, as ethylene di
The chlorinated rubber used in the coating chloride, carbon tetrachloride, or mixtures there
compositions in accordance with this invention of. The solvent will be a solvent for other in
-0 may be either chlorinated raw rubber or chlorin
ated vulcanized rubber or both. For the best tion, gredients which may be included in the composi 40
results it should have a chlorine content above and will be used in amount to give the vis
50%, and preferably of about 67% or higher. cosity desired. In addition to the essential ingredients, chlo
It may be of any desired viscosity, although for rinated rubber and a chlorinated paraffin, the
-5 use in coating compositions which are to be composition may contain various other ingredi
sprayed a viscosity of about 60 centipoises in ents, as for example, a resin such as coumarone
45
20% solutions in xylol at 25 C. is to be preferred.
The chlorinated parafin used in coating COm resin, ester gum, etc.; a plasticizer, as dibutyl
positions in accordance with this invention may phthalate; and pigments. Ingredients which
50 be of any suitable type, either liquid or solid, and may be included in the composition, in addition
may be produced by any of the known methods to chlorinated rubber and chlorinated paraffin, 50
for its production, as, for example, those dis may be included in varying amounts, as may be
closed in U. S. Patents 1,129,165 and 1,380,067. dictated by the purpose for which the composi
The compatibility of chlorinated rubber and tion is intended.
55 chlorinated paraffin is dependent upon the chlo As illustrative of compositions in accordance s
 2 2,057,999
similar to those for metal coating, and, of course,
with this invention, satisfactory for various uses, vary
the following formulae may be cited: with the type of finish desired. The follow
ing formulae have been found to give satisfactory
2 3. 4. 5
Wood finishing compositions:
Parta Parts Parts Paris Paras
gia 'Ein - 20 20 20 20 20 29
orinated paratin Chlorinated rubber---------
$39% Cl)----------
Solvent.-----------------
5
75
8
72
0
70
15
65
20
80
Chlorinated paraffin (50%
chlorine).----------------- 20 O
Resins, drying oils, pig Pigment (30 asbestine-70
ments, etc. in quantity titanium dioxide).---------
desired.----...------------------------------------------------- Ester gum------------
- - -- - - - Oil modified alkyd res
Polymerized indene resia
coating compositions having the above for High flash naphtha.--------
mulae will be found advantageous for various pur
poses, and more particularly, with respect to For On outdoor exposure, these formulae give better
15
mulae 2, 3, 4 and 5, for the formation of films or weathering than similar formulae in which di
coatings on metal surfaces. It will be found that butyl phthalate is used in place of chlorinated
the films so formed are very resistant to light paraffin. As with the metal coating composi
and to chemical action and have unusual adhe" tions, a ratio greater than 20:8 gives too brittle 20
sion to polished metal surfaces such as duralumi a film to be useful.
num and polished copper. They are also very Compositions of chlorinated rubber plasticized
resistant to mechanical abrasion, such as occurs With chlorinated paraffin are useful for coating
in the forming of metal sheets into particular cloth. The exact composition to be used depends
shapes. Formula 2, given above, produced with
eontaining 45% chlorine,
on the mechanical structure of the cloth and the
property desired. Thus, a composition contain
duraluminum panels
in. The panels ing equal parts by weight of chlorinated rubber
everal ittimes with and chlorinated parafin is rather soft, while one
from the '..containing: four parts chlorinated. rubber to one's
part chlorinated paraffin is rather stiff. These g
:30 metal. . The , - . adhesion may be coatings are practically fireproof, due to the high
obtained on duraluminum with a composition in
cluding chlorinated paraffin containing about chlorine content, and for this reason are very
Valuable for fireproofing draperies and similar
40% chlorine. articles of cloth. The compositions are Water
The degree of adhesion, like the compatibility, proof, and are hence valuable for waterproofing.
35 is a function of the chlorine content of the Likewise, these compositions are valuable for
paraffin. With the same content by weight of coating paper. As with cloth coatings, the exact
chlorinated paraffin in the chlorinated rubber composition to be used will depend on the use to
film, a chlorinated paraffin containing 30% be made of the paper.
chlorine gives poorer adhesion to metal Surfaces It will be understood that the details and ex 4.
than one containing 45% or 50% chlorine. . amples set forth hereinabove are illustrative only,
The light resistance of chlorinated rubber and that the invention as herein broadly de
films plasticized with chlorinated paraffin is ex-. scribed and claimed is not limited thereby.
cellent. Steel and duraluminum panels coated What I claim and desire to protect by Letters
with films plasticized with chlorinated paraffin Patent is: 45
45 containing 45% chlorine were exposed 20 hours 1. A chlorinated rubber coating composition
to the direct radiation of a mercury ultra-violet
characterized by its ability to deposit a film show
arc, in comparison with similar panels coated
with chlorinated rubber plasticized with dibutyl ing marked resistance to chemical attack and
abrasion and a high degree of adhesion to the
phthalate. The films plasticized with chlorin Surface covered thereby, said composition com 50
50 ated paraffin discolored very slightly, and much prising chlorinated rubber, chlorinated paraffin
less than those containing dibutyl phthalate.
The adhesion of the films plasticized with chlorin Wax having a chlorine content of at least 30%
ated paraffin was better, after the exposure, and a volatile solvent, the ratio of chlorinated
rubber to chlorinated paraffin wax being within
than the ones containing dibutyl phthalate, since the range of from about 20:25 to about 20:8. 55
55 the latter had become very brittle. 2. A chlorinated rubber coating composition
As protective coatings for use on metal Sur characterized by its ability to deposit a film show
faces pigmented chlorinated rubber-chlorinated ing marked resistance to chemical attack and
paraffin compositions are extremely valuable. abrasion and a high degree of adhesion to the
The following formulae are examples of useful Surface covered thereby, Said composition con 80
60 protective coatings for use on metals:
prising chlorinated rubber, chlorinated paraffin
6 7 Wax having a chlorine content of at least 45%,
and a volatile solvent, the ratio of chlorinated
Ports Parts rubber to chlorinated paraffin Wax being within 65
Chlorinated rubber (60 cp.)-----------------------
65 Chlorinated 20 20 the range of from about 20:25 to about 20:8.
paraffin (50% chlorine)- 20 15 3. A chlorinated rubber coating composition
Pigment (Indian red).------------ 15 5
Solvent (toluol or xylol).--------------------------- 65 65 characterized by its ability to deposit a film show
ing marked resistance to chemical attack and
If a lower ratio of chlorinated rubber to chlo abrasion and a high degree of adhesion to the 70
70rinated paraffin than 20:25 is used, the film is too surface covered thereby, said composition com
soft, and if much more than 20:8 the film is too prising chlorinated rubber, chlorinated paraffin
brittle. The lower the chlorine content of the Wax having a chlorine Content of at least 45%,
chlorinated paraffin, the greater the brittleness a resin, and a volatile solvent, the ratio of chlo
and, as stated above, the poorer the adhesion. rirated rubber to chlorinated paraffin wax being 75
75 Compositions for use in WOOd finishing are
 2,057,999
within the range of from about 20:25 to about
20:8.
4. A chlorinated rubber coating composition
characterized by its ability to deposit a flin
showing marked resistance to chemical attack
and abrasion and a high degree of adhesion to
the surface covered thereby, said composition
comprising chlorinated rubber, chlorinated par
affin wax having a chlorine content of at least
0 45%, a drying oil, and a volatile solvent, the
ratio of chlorinated rubber to chlorinated paraf
fin Wax being within the range of from about
20:25 to about 20:8.
3
5. A chlorinated rubber coating composition
characterized by its ability to deposit a film show
ing marked resistance to chemical attack and
abrasion and a high degree of adhesion to the
surface covered thereby, said composition come
prising chlorinated rubber, chlorinated parafin
wax having a chlorine content of at least 45%,
a pigment, and a volatile solvent, the ratio of
chlorinated rubber to chlorinated paraffin wax
being within the range of from about 20:25 to 10
about 20:8.
WAER, D. BOW3.