Patented Oct.

19, 1937 2,096,095

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE

2,096,095
METHOD OF MAKNG ENAME, PANS
George E. Finn, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to The
Sherwin-Williams Company, Cleveland, Ohio,
a corporation of Ohio
No Drawing. Application March 2, 1934,
Serial No. 13,775
1 Claim. (C. 134-5)
This invention relates to a novel method of aging of varnish requires much capital and
producing enamel paints of varying composition skilled operatives must be employed. Also, the
and adapted for different uses. fire hazard is great and insurance rates are high.
In the various methods of making enamel In the making of enamel paints by my process
much of this investment of capital is unneces
5 paints, that have been in commercial use, it has sary and a large part of the expense is avoided.
been customary to mix the pigment materials
With suitable plasticizers to form a paste and Warnish fires, Varnish kettles, thinning rooms,
then mix this paste with a suitable varnish, pre filter presses, and varnish storage tanks are not
pared in a varnish plant, the required volatile needed. Only a few storage tanks are needed
O Solvents or thinners being added to produce the
for the storage of oils and thinners and rooms O
enamel paint in condition to be used. or bins for the storage of pigments, resins and
While enamel paints made by the processes drums, containing Solvents and plasticizers.
now in use have been satisfactory as to quality, asSome of the common resins of commerce such
colophony, damar, elemi, gilsonite and ester
they have been relatively costly on account of
the expense involved in the manufacture of the resins are soluble in linseed oil, spirits of turpen 5
varnish. It is the object of my invention to pre tine, petroleum spirit, coal tar hydrocarbons, etc.
pare warnish or enamel paints, of the highest while the so-called fossil resins such as Kauri,
quality, in a simple manner in which the final Congo, Manila, Zanzibar, etc., also the harder
product is produced by introducing all of the asphalts, are not usually soluble in the mentioned
components into a single apparatus in which solvents unless they have been pyrolyzed. How 20
20 the process is carried out, thereby effecting great ever, these pyrolyzed resins are now readily ob
economies in the cost of manufacture, tainable as commercial products, and by their
The apparatus which I prefer to use is a mill use it is possible to produce a wide range of
of the rotating type in which dispersion is effect enamel paints.
ed by the action of falling balls, pebbles or rods The following examples of formulation illus
contained therein. Into this mill I pour or let trate the different types of enamel or varnish
flow a weighed quantity of selected oil or plasti paint which may be made by my process, but
cizer, also a weighed quantity of selected vola am not limited to these specific formulae nor
tile solvent, a weighed quantity of the resin do I claim any specific formula.
which is to be incorporated with the oil to make 30
30 the enamel vehicle, and a weighed quantity of Flat black baking enamel
pigment. By varying the proportions of the in Pounds
gredients it is possible to prepare enamel paints Carbon black ----------------------------- 32
of Widely varying properties. Diatomaceous earth----------------------- 30
The oils, resins and solvents used in my process Colophony------------------------------- 122 35
35 may consist of such materials as have long been Mineral Spirits---------------------------- 18
used in the industry; yet my process can be
used equally Well with some of the newer Syn These are introduced into a mill of the type de
thetic resins along with suitable solvents and scribed and rotated for about 36 hours.
40
plasticizers. For the successful carrying on of Then add: w 40
this process it is essential that knowledge should
be had as to compatibility or incompatibility of Heavy bodied linseed oil-------------gas-- 8
Heavy bodied tung oil ---------------gals - 8
the ingredients to be employed and in each in Mineral
dividual batch only satisfactorily compatible in Spirits----------------------gals-- 4
gredients should be used. Colophony cured with lime------------lbs. 50
45 In the processes heretofore practised in the Kerosene --------------------------- gals-- 35
making of enamel paints the Warnish used has
generally been a very expensive item. The var Continue rotation for another hour.
nish may have been purchased from another
manufacturer or may have been made in an Black frame enamel 50
50
other department of the paint manufacturer's
Gilsonite----------------------------lbs.--
plant. In either event an installation for the Colophony---------------------------lbs.-- 68
manufacture of varnish has usually been ex 22
pensive. A plant with melting rooms, thinning Carbon black ------------------------lbs 33
55
rooms, filter presses and storage tanks for the Mineral Spirits----------------------gals.-- 33 55
 2 2,096,095
These are introduced into a mill of the type
described and rotated for about 24 to 36 hours.
Then add:
Gallons . Antimony trioxide ------------------------ 11
5 Heavy bodied linseed oil------------------- 14
Heavy bodied tung oil--------------------- 4.
Mineral Spirits--------------------------- 36
Liquid drier------------------------------
10 Continue rotation for another hour.
Quick drying primer surfacer
Iron oxide-------------------------lbs. 444
15 Tithopone--------------------------lbs.-- 214
Whiting--------------------------lbs 36
Zinc stearate----------------------- lbs. 50
East India gun--------------------lbs. 50
inseed oil------------------------gals-- 13%
20 Castor oil-------------------------gals-- 1%
Creosote oil-----------------------gals--, 32
These are introduced into a mill of the type
White ename
Pounds
Titanium dioxide------------------------- 93
Vinyl resin------------------------------- 160
Dibutyl cellosolve phthalate---------------- 12
Tricresyl phosphate----------------------- 38
3 Blown castor oil-------- ------------------ 1.
Hexone---------------------------------- 275
Toluol----------------------------------- 275 10
Butyrone.-------------------------------- 67
Kylol------------------------------------ 68
These are introduced into a mill of the type
described and rotated for about 24 to 36 hours. 5
White engine
Pounds
Titanium dioxide------------------------- 100
2nc sulfide ------------------------------ 100
Mowth resin---------------------------- 48 20
Butyl acetate----------------------------- 70
Butyl alcohol----------------------------- 10
Kylol--------------- male-sa- - - - - - - - - - - - ---- 67

25
described and rotated for about 24 to 36 - hours.
Then add: . . . "
Dibutyl phthalate------------------------- 5
- Gallons These are introduced into a mill of the type
Mineral Spirits------------------------- 30 described and rotated for about 24 to 36 hours.
Liquid drier---------------------------- If consistency is toothick for some purposes, it
may be reduced with xylol.
30 Continue rotation for another hour. Having thus described my invention, I claim: 30
The hereindescribed method of making enamel
Traffic 20ne hite paints which consists in aggregating the pigment
material and resin components of the paint with
Titanium dioxide-------------------lbs. 104 suitable solvent and plasticizing materials to
8 Barytes----------------------------lbs. 326 form a batch to be processed, then subjecting
East India gun--------------------lbs. 205 the batch to the grinding and mixing action of
Tung oil--------------------------gals- 8 falling bodies in a rotating mill for a sufficient
Butyl alcohol------- serman----va - as gals. 9 time to produce a liquid in which the various
Methyl acetone--------------------gals. 18 components are uniformly dispersed, and there
40 Denatured alcohol ----------------gals. 17% after combining and thoroughly mixing with said
liquid suitable volatile solvents to complete the 40
These are introduced into a mill of the type product and adapt it for use as an enamel paint.
described and rotated for about 24 hours, GEORGE E. FNN.