Chapter 1.

4
Exact / Non-Exact Equation

1. Find the value of the constants a, b and the function h( x ) such that the following differential
equation is exact.
( )
y a + sec2 x h(x )dx − by2 (1 + cos x )dy = 0 .

2. Given
(y2 + xy3 )dx + (5 y2 − xy + y3 sin y)dy = 0 .
i) Show that the equation is non-exact.
ii) Find a suitable integrating factor to change the given equation to be exact.
iii) Solve the derived exact solution in ii).

3. Solve
(tan x − sin x sin y )dx = − cos x cos ydy .

4. Find the value of a, b and c if following differential equation is exact.

dy
2 x a y b + 4 x3 + cx 2 y 3 = 0.
dx

5. Solve
(2 y2 + 2 y + 4x2 )dx + (2xy + x)dy = 0 .
6. Show that the following equation is exact
(e2 y − y cos(xy ) + 2x)dx + (2xe 2 y − x cos(xy) + 3y3 )dy = 0 .
7. Consider the following first-order differential equation
dy 4 x3 y ; y (1) = 1 .
=
dx x 4 + 3 y 4

i) Check the exactness of the given differential equation.

ii) Based on your answer in part i), solve the differential equation.