CHITTAGONG UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Experiment No: 07
Experiment Name: Familiarization with Alternating Current (AC) Waves
Course Code: EEE 112
Course Title: Electrical Circuit-I Sessional
Name: Tahshin Abrar
ID: 1902125
Name of the Department: Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Name of the University: CUET
Date of Submission: 19-09-2021
Objective:

(a) Familiarization with Function generator and Oscilloscope

(b) Experimental observation of Alternating Current (AC) waves

Required Instruments:

1) Function Generator

2) Oscilloscope

3) Resistor

4) Capacitor

5) Inductor

6) Bread board

7) Probes / Connecting wires

Circuit Diagram:

Figure – 01: Circuit diagram for the familiarization with AC wave

Figure – 02: oscilloscope plotting time vs source voltage & current on lab
Experimental Data:
From experiment,

Difference between 2 crest of E point on E plot = 4.8 div

Difference between 1st crest of E & 1st crest of I = 0.7 div
Calculation :

From experiment 1,

Time Period= 4.8 x 0.2

Time difference between same phase= 0.7 x 0.2
Phase difference between source voltage and current
= (0.7 x 0.2/ 4.8 x0.2) x360
=52.5

Phase difference between I & V is 52.5° .

I leads V by 52.05°.
Theoretically,
Xc=1/wc
=1(2*pi*1000*9.89*10^-6)
=16.1 ohm
Z=12.1-j16.1
I = 𝐸𝑧
= 5√2⁄12.1−𝑗16.1
= 0.176 ∠53.07° A
Phase difference between I & V is 53.07° .
I leads V by 53.07°.
Discussion:
The values of the time period and frequency are a bit off. I think it is due to the resistance on the
wires. Moreover there were some measurement errors as well while taking the crest to crest and
trough to trough distance . In the end, this experiment was successful at familiarizing us with AC
waves.AC applies voltage in a sinusoidal wave pattern where the magnitude of the voltage is not
constant throughout a cycle. In a purely capacitive AC circuit, the current leads the input voltage by a
quarter of a cycle, there is a phase difference of +90 0. In a purely inductive AC circuit, the current
lags the input voltage by a quarter of a cycle, there is a phase difference of - 90 0.In the experiment,
we tried to overcome all the optical illusion .We ignored all the optical illusion.
 Oscilloscope:
An oscilloscope is a laboratory instrument commonly used to display and analyze the waveform of
electronic signals. In effect, the device draws a graph of the instantaneous signal voltage as a
function of time.

The front panel of an oscilloscope is divided into three sections labeled Vertical, Horizontal, and
Trigger.

Vertical: This is the attenuation or amplification of the signal. Use the volts/div control to adjust the
amplitude of the signal to the desired measurement range.

Horizontal: This is the time base. Use the sec/div control to set the amount of time per division
represented horizontally across the screen.

Trigger: This is the triggering of the oscilloscope. Use the trigger level to stabilize a repeating
signal, or to trigger on a single event.

 Function generator:

A function generator is a piece of electronic test instrument used to generate and deliver standard
waveforms, typically sine and square waves, to a device under test. It can be used to test a design or
confirm that a piece of electronic equipment is working as intended.