Struktur fiber

optik terdiri dari.

o Core fiber optik
o Tube/ribbon
o Cable
o Subduct
o Duct
o Plant
Termination Termination

ISP/OSP
Core fiber

Tube/ribbon

Cable

Subduct

Duct

Plant
Core fiber

Tube/ribbon

Cable

Subduct

Duct

Plant
Single mode fibers:
• Core diameter is small: 8 – 10 μm.
• Only the lowest mode can be propagated (around 1300-1625nm
wavelength).
• Normalized frequency less or equal to 2.405.
• Lower signal loss in comparison with multi-mode and higher bandwidth.
• Low fiber dispersion.
• Use laser diodes to generate light.
Multi-mode fibers:
• Can propagate up to 4 modes (TE0, TE1, TE2, TE3. Also called OM1,
OM2, OM3, OM4).
• Typical core sizes: 50 – 100 μm.
• The light enters easily the fiber and the connections are easier.
• They use LED to generate light (cheaper, less complex and last longer).
• However, they have higher dispersion than the single mode.
• Specifically they exhibit mode dispersion: Modes arrive at the receiver
at different times.
Core fiber

Tube/ribbon

Cable

Subduct

Duct

Plant
Fiber optic Cables are constructed in two ways: Loose tube and tight
buffered. Both contain a type of strengthening member, such as aramid
yarn, stainless steel wire strands, or gel-filled sleeves. Each, however, is
designed for very different environments.
Loose tube cables are designed for harsh environment
conditions in the outdoors. They protect the Fiber core,
cladding, and Coating by enclosing everything within fairly rigid
protective sleeves or tubes.
Many loose tube cables contain a water
resistant Gel surrounding the fibers. The gel helps protect the
fibers from moisture, making the cables ideal for high humidity
environments, where water or condensation may otherwise be
problematic. The gel filled tubes can expand or contract with
temperature changes, as well.
Despite the benefits, gel filled loose tube cables are not the
right choice if the cable needs to be submerged in water, or
routed around multiple bends. Excess strain may cause the
fibers to emerge from the gel.
Tight buffered cables are optimal for indoor applications. Being
more robust than loose-tube cables, they are best suited for
moderate length LAN or WAN connections, long indoor runs,
direct burial, and for underwater use.
Rather than using the gel layer loose tube has, tight
buffered cables have a two-layer coating. The first is plastic,
and the other, waterproof acrylate. The acrylate keeps
moisture away from the cable. The core is never exposed when
bend or compressed underwater.
Tight buffered cables may be easier to install, because there is
no gel to clean up and it does not require a fan out kit
for splicing or termination.
Fiber Tubes = loose tube = Buffer tube = flexible buffer tube
Ribbon fiber optic cable is a typical
fiber optic cable. Unlike beam optical
cable, ribbon fiber optic cable is
arranged into a strip. Ribbon fiber
optic cable is a convenient solution
for space and weight problems. The
cable ribbons are actually coated
optical fibers placed side by side,
encapsulated in Mylar tape, similar
to a miniature version of wire
ribbons used in computer wiring. A
single ribbon may contain 4, 8 or 12
optical fibers
Core fiber

Tube/ribbon

Cable

Subduct

Duct

Plant
Direct burial cables have no protective covers and they are buried directly
underground. They may be exposed to harsh environmental conditions such as
changes in temperature and humidity in the soil. Therefore, the different
environments faced by direct burial cables determine the level of protection
required.
Duct fiber optic cable is installed in an innerduct that provides mechanical
protection for the fiber optic cable. Generally, the duct is available in
plastic, concrete, steel, iron and so on. As fiber optic cable is sensitive to
excessive pulling, bending and crush forces, much care shall be taken to
avoid cable damage during its duct installation.
Aerial fiber optic cable is a type of fiber optic cables that is usually used for outside
installation on poles. Due to its installation environment, the design of aerial fiber
optic cable must consider to protect it from the destruction of the nature and man-
made damage or theft. Aerial cable's laying method is easy to implement as it can
utilize the existing overhead pole line to install that saves more in construction costs
and shortens the construction period. Aerial cables are mainly used for secondary
trunk level and below and usually applied to flat terrain or low fluctuation area.
Submarine communications cable is a cable laid on the sea bed sea bed between land-
based stations to carry telecommunication signals across stretches of ocean and sea
and connecting between islands or continents
Armored submarine cables
Core fiber

Tube/ribbon

Cable

Subduct

Duct

Plant
Fiber Optic Subduct Pipe or commonly called FO pipe is a pipe that is
used as a cable protector. This pipe is divided into Subduct and Duct
pipes. Subduct pipes are pipes that are used on the outside in aerial or
buried method.
Core fiber

Tube/ribbon

Cable

Subduct

Duct

Plant
Fiber Optic Duct Pipe or commonly called FO pipe is a 4” pipe that is
used as a subduct protector. Multiple Subduct or cable protector
usually put in duct pipes. Duct pipes are pipes that are used on the
outside in buried method.
Core fiber

Tube/ribbon

Cable

Subduct

Duct

Plant
Jaringan Aerial Cable

1. Kabel Udara pada tiang kabel di pinggir jalan

2. Kabel udara crossing jalan melalui udara

3. Kabel udara crossing jalan melalui bawah tanah