Low Bandwidth: The Impact of Slow Internet Connection to the Academic Performance of

Online Students of Maryknoll College of Panabo Inc.

In partial fulfillment of the Requirements in Practical Research 2 Subject

A Quantitative Research Paper is Submitted and Presented
to the Senior High School Faculty of
Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc.,
Academic Year 2021-2022

Presented By:

Espera, Rodver Angelo S.

Rabor IV, Felix B.

 CHAPTER 1
Background of the Study

In this advanced age, the Web has turned into an incredible asset for interfacing individuals,

data, thoughts, assets, and administrations. It has turned into a main thrust of the economy and

has given business, changed enterprises, further developed foundation, and gave proficient

correspondence among endeavors and people across the globe. With a lethargic Web association,

residents are less inclined to be persuaded to take part in the present data society. In a few

nations, the fundamental job of this instrument is surely known, and the right to broadband Web

access as a method for correspondence is discussed as a principal right. With regards to giving

the country Web access, the Philippines has been consistently finding other in recent years,

several nations have developed.

The COVID infection (Coronavirus) 2019 emergency has affected not just the monetary,

mental, and social parts of the world yet additionally especially, the instructive area generally. The

infection, which first arose in December 2019, turned into a pandemic prompting school

terminations and in the end, movement to far off learning by all degrees of instructive

establishments in the new ordinary schooling. In this manner, the conventional conveyance of

guidance in schooling has changed and thusly, learning spaces were redesigned to react to the

test of improving instructive conveyance systems in advanced education, schools and colleges

across the globe wandered into various practices, for example, distance instruction, web based

educating, far off learning, mixed learning, and portable learning. These practices can be all things

considered called crisis far off schooling (ERE). It is the impermanent change in the conveyance of

guidance brought about by the abrupt event of an emergency. ERE doesn't mean disappearing

from the conventional game plan of the informative interaction nor making a totally new instructive

framework. It provides a temporarily viable alternative for educators to deliver lessons and provide

critical instructional support to pupils (Hodges et al., 2020). In this time of crisis, ERE is also a
branch of distant education, but it is considered as a "choice" rather than a "duty" (Bozkurt et al.,

2020). Moreover, ERE empowers the taking advantage of accessible assets including a wide

scope of advances that offer capacities for distant learning. It is additionally accentuated that, for

this situation, ERE is the best term to portray training during this interference and isn't equivalent

to those distance training rehearses some time before (Bozkurt et al., 2020). Considering current

Coronavirus emergency, World Bank (2020) underlined that training frameworks should utilize

ERE and get ready if necessary, unique learning conveyance modalities to guarantee that

understudies are locked in and can proceed with their learning. Then again, the abrupt shift of

instructive conveyance additionally presents the opposite side of the coin for most understudies

who are now burdened some time before the pandemic.

This Philippine setting, far off learning uncovers a computerized split between Filipino

understudies (Santos,2020) his present circumstance in distant learning may most perhaps

compound existin equalities and may translate to barriers in online learning. For instance, a cross-

sectional examination directed across the country revealed that 32% (32 %) and 22 percent (22%)

out of 3, 670 Filipino understudies studied experience issues acclimating to new learning styles

and don't have solid web access, separately (Baticulon et al., 2020). For some's purposes, it might

introduce trouble to buy a facilitative learning gadget to effortlessly check out online classes and

quickly turn in tasks in the on the web framework (Santos, 2020). In spite of the endeavors to

make training available for all, numerous troubles are as yet confronting Filipino college

understudies in the act of distance training. A few examinations have been led to report the

pressure (for example AlAteeq, Alijhani and AlEesa, 2020; and Baloran, 2020) and the hardships

that understudies face in virtual learning conditions in their different fields. countries (for example

Adnan and Anwar, 2020 in Pakistan; Arinto, 2016 in the Philippines; Henaku, 2020 in Ghana;

Zimbabwe's Matswetu et al., 2020; Nepal's Subedi et al., 2020; and India's Dhawan, 2020). A

recent thorough study (Bozkurt et al., 2020) was also done to include 31 nations. take a gander at

how the Coronavirus pandemic intruded on the schooling field across the globe. This multi-country

study significantly reported reflections, lessons learned, and suggestions on how to navigate
education in this time of uncertainty. With the purpose of assisting authorities in developing better

educational solutions, this examination tries to give a piece of proof with regards to an agricultural

nation as respects the troubles experienced by Filipino college understudies. If this solicitation will

be tended to, examples can be drawn and may ultimately open windows for significant activities.

Statement of the Problem

Online learning is a form of live synchronous platform where it requires both parties to have

good and stable internet connection (Llego, 2010). Compared to other learning modalities such as

face-to-face and modular, online learning is considered to be more interactive and students are

seen responding. And Maryknoll College of Panabo Inc. Is also applying to these learning

modalities, Since September of 2020, The School have been open to Students for both Online and

Modular Modalities.Teachers also adjust on their learning from Time Management to the

Distribution of Topic, Quizzes and etc. Many Students complained about the Poor Internet

Connection on their devices, Some were disconnecting from their classes and cannot learn

suitably, and also because of this classes were cancelled due to slow internet.

Online learning is one way to continue education in times of uncertainties like the covid-19

pandemic. Though it is a good platform, certain challenges arise that affect not only students

but also teachers. Shore (2020) mentioned in his article that an online class eliminates the

human connection and therefore student motivation, interaction, and educator’s ability to adapt

course materials and presentations is somehow lost. On the other hand, Friedman (2020)

pointed out in his article that challenges in online learning includes technical issues, distraction

and time management, staying motivated, understanding course expectations, lain of in-person

interaction, adapting to unfamiliar technology, and uncertainty about the future. Bothe Shore
and Friedman clearly stated that there are different challenges commonly encountered by students

in their online learning.

Research Questions

Throughout the duration of this study, the researcher seeks for the
following questions to be answered:

1. Do the Internet Services of the Philippines Affect the Academic Performance of Online
Students in Maryknoll College of Panabo Inc?

2. How do Online Learners Interact or to Cope when it comes to the Problems of Slow Internet
Connectivity?

3. What are the Common Problems that Online Learners face during their classes?

Objectives

This study aims to determine further impacts of Slow Internet Connection to the Online

Learners of MCPI considering the variations of their experiences. Additionally, it acts as a wake-

up call to society and our government in order to uncover the various repercussions of both the

Pandemic and the poor internet connection on learners, as well as to produce a proactive

response. a way to connect the dots between these issues.

Hypothesis

Despite the school's guarantees and these activities, most students living in rural or isolated

locations still find it difficult to study from home due to a lack of high-speed internet. The majority of

students experience issues such like slow computer speeds, Internet signal problems, virus

threats, poor computer working conditions, load shedding, and lack of Internet access.
Theoretical Framework

Systems Theory

All communication takes place in the system, and communication is the only thing that can

take place in the system. As a result, the Internet may be characterized as an autopoietic system

that creates the components that make it up from the parts that make it up.

Social Cognitive Theory

Social cognition in the internet (Sparrow, Chatman, 2013) The World Wide Web has

unquestionably become an important part of the majority of the world's population's everyday life.

Many individuals spend more time online than they do with any one person on any given day, yet

the psychological impact of being online is still being researched. In order to encourage additional

research to this field, we evaluate previous research and link it to other related research

discoveries. We look at some of the major elements that may influence what and how we learn

online, whether we're engaging with Google's cloud mind or with other people via text-based

communication.
Conceptual Framework

The environment and its

impact on internet
connection

Internet uses purposes

Social Academic Professional

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework Indicating the Variables of the Study

Significant of the Study

 The researchers of this qualitative research are very determined and eager to share their

findings as they process this study in order to help the people who have been affected by this

unexpected change as a result of their experience with slow internet. This research focuses on

Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc. Senior High School Students, one of the many schools that

have switched from traditional face-to-face classrooms to online education. The researchers are

optimistic that many people will be aware of the findings of this study, which will raise awareness

about the challenges that online learners face and how they may overcome them.

• Students Enrolled in Online Classes

This study will be beneficial to students on this educational platform. This research focuses

on the experiences of persons or students who have been seriously affected by this sudden

change in academic approach, as well as their capacity to cope with their desire to learn by

making changes.

• Teachers

Educators would most likely gain from this research in terms of improving their knowledge

on how to educate students in the most complicated system and understanding the challenges that

online learners face as they engage in classes while also adjusting to their new environment.

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

The goal of this qualitative research is to obtain data about online learning. During the

pandemic, especially the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic, implementation

as a novel and contemporary instructional technique was offered. This research is unique. focuses

on the students' reactions to the provocation, their adaptation method, and their

insightsEducational techniques for learners' education have changed. The researchers would use

technology methods to survey students who were involved in and affected by this abrupt change in
academic approach, namely Senior High School Students of Maryknoll College of Panabo, Inc.,

which is the focus of this study. Moreover, the researchers intended to emphasize different

perspectives in this research.

Definition of Terms

It is essential to operationally clarify the meanings of the key phrases being addressed in

order to gain a better understanding of the specific terminology in connection to the established

topic of this research and to improve clarity. The following terms are defined particularly in relation

to the study's target and overall perspective.

Slow Internet - serves as an independent variable of this study. Many students have been

disrupted by their lessons as a result of this ongoing issue, and many are unable to function

academically. The effects on online students will be determined using a quantitative manner in this

study.

Students – are the dependent variable and respondents who engage in their classes through the

platform of online education by using their portable devices. In which they willingly answered

questions in this study via an ethically acceptable survey method.

Academic Performance - refers to the detrimental effects of the Independent Variable (Slow

Internet) on Maryknoll College of Panabo Inc.'s online students. The Respondents' lives may be

disrupted as a result of this Negative Impact.

 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter includes all of the study's related literature as well as the conceptual

framework. Changes arise along our paths over time that have an impact on each of us, such as

different innovations and creations that have brought benefits and drawbacks in terms of living.

However, the most useful invention ever made and used by the majority of people on the planet is

internet connection. The existence of the aforementioned inventions allows for more possibilities.

Students’ and Parents’ lived experiences on online distance learning during the COVID-19
pandemic

From the reactions, Facebook and Courier are the most widely recognized study halls

distance stage that educators and understudies could get to. It can possibly work with learning in

the study hall. In the investigation of Shaw (2015), she uncovered that there are a wide number of

potential advantages in utilizing Facebook as an instructive device. There are numerous other

comparable innovations, for example, Google+, MySpace, LinkedIn, and Twitter, however

Facebook approaches the big number of clients. In Walk 2014, 82% of Web clients worldwide had

Facebook accounts. Due to its wide use, Facebook gives a promptly available stage that can be

adjusted for instructive purposes, given smart arranging and curricular plan. E-Learning takes
advantage of intelligent innovations and correspondence frameworks to further develop the

learning experience. It is impossible in case there is a current issue in utilizing any internet based

stage.Instructor respondents conceded that it is trying for them to move illustrations and recover

them due to helpless web association. A significant number of their understudies 'opinions are

equivalent to the instructors.

It could be protected to gather that guardians are steady of online distance learning for their

kids,however they are highly worried that not all are having solid web association and vital

hardware required for the execution of online distance learning. Parent's job in carrying out web-

based distance learning is essential; their collaboration with the program will really be a ton of

help. As a help, a concentrate by Sapungan and Sapungan (2014) claims that the "solid joint effort

of guardians with school authorities can make a 'wave of enhancements." If the understudies are

sending negative feedback on online distance learning, contemplations ought to be made to

support the guardians first and let them comprehend the requirement for its execution.

The Challenges of Online Learners face during Classes in a midst of a Pandemic

The Understudies Recognized a few difficulties in Web based Learning Like Web

Availability, Absence of Assets, Hypothesis Loaded Talks without any exercises, Feeble

Interaction, Difficulty in setting to Standard and home interruption. Most likely, internet providers

are not accessible in many pieces of the nation, and ICT gadgets are not accessible, particularly in

country regions. Basilaia and Kvavadze (2020) likewise detailed an absence of ICT gadgets in

rustic regions. Then, at that point, comes the issue of decreased transfer speed and the inactivity

to utilize innovation for learning (Chick et al., 2020). We need to gain from the Chinese

government for making a brief move during the pandemic lockdown and guaranteeing the

accessibility of quick and stable organization administrations to instructors, guardians, and

understudies to make online schooling fruitful (Zhang et al., 2020). The Guangdong government in
China gave great many tablets to understudies on a crisis premise other than utilizing satellite

Stations for internet learning in remote regions (Zhang et al., 2020).

To handle the issue of network and force breakdown, we directed the educators to abstain

from live instructing and on second thought record their talks. These talks were imparted to the

class something like two days before the booked day. This gave a flipped homeroom experience to

watch the recorded lecture in available energy and utilize the internet based meeting for

conversation and questions/replies (Chick et al., 2020).

Recording video addresses additionally tackle an assortment of specialized issues and help

in assessing content quality (Dhawan, 2020).

Conceptual Literature

Notwithstanding the positive effect of the web on scholastic execution, research discoveries

have shown that extreme web utilization unfavorably influences one's actual wellbeing, everyday

life and scholarly execution (Akhter, 2013). Scholastic related issues remembers decay for

concentrate on propensities, exceptional drop in grades, missing classes and helpless combination

in extracurricular exercises.

Besides, searchers and academicians have been bantering with regards to the

understudies' scholastic presentation being affected both decidedly and adversely with the

expanding web utilization (Englander, Terregrossa and Wang, 2010). Present situation shows that

the quantity of understudies getting to web increases each year. Consequently if the understudies
access the web for scholarly reasons for existing understudy's scholastic presentation will be

upgraded (Brown, Ellore and Niranjan, 2014).

In accordance with the past literary works, a few reasons may lead innovation to help or

debilitate human resources accomplishment by understudies. Young people might utilize the Web

in instructive matters like composing papers, looks for replies to questions and speaking with

cohorts on schoolwork. Inside the previous decade, the Web and WWW use have expanded

considerably – for instance, as per Seat Web and American Life Undertaking Reviews, the level of

U. S. online clients has expanded from 40-45% in Walk 2000 to almost 80% in April 2009 (Seat

Web and American Life Undertaking Overviews, 2009).

Research Literature

Base on the investigation of Cameroon specialist Mbah (2010) understudies from the

College of Buea are of the view that web decidedly affect their review propensities, albeit 90% of

male understudies support this view as to 73% of female understudies. Information uncovers that

College understudies everyday use web to help their examinations. As such review propensities

are essentially improving a direct result of wide utilization of the web, hypertext, and mixed media

assets (Mbah, 2010).

The Web is one of the best ongoing headway in the realm of data innovation and has turned

into a helpful instrument that has cultivated the most common way of making the world a

worldwide town. It gives a few chances to the scholarly world. It is an instrument for data spread

and a vehicle for community-oriented connection among people and their PCs without respect for

geographic impediment of room. The word Web is gotten from two words: "worldwide" and

"network". It thusly can be characterized as a global PC organization of data accessible to the

general population through modem connects so web is an overall arrangement of connected PCs
organizations. It is the world's biggest and most generally utilized organization. It is a global

organization of organizations that is an assortment of countless private and public organizations

everywhere. There are rich and changed learning encounters accessible on the Web that would

have been unfathomable simply a brief time back. It has a scope of capacities that associations

are utilizing to trade data inside or to discuss remotely with different associations. The essential

framework for web based business, e-banking, e-business, e-learning and virtual library is given by

the Web innovation.

Different examinations show that the utilization of innovation positively affects certain

intellectual regions, for example, the advancement of spatial abilities and memory, and further

developed perusing, composing and data preparing abilities, yet this doesn't really prompt better

scholarly accomplishment. Heyam (2014) completed a meta-examination of the utilization of

innovation, specifically informal organizations, concerning understudy execution, and reached two

inferences: innovation and informal communities work with correspondence, socialization,

coordination, cooperation and amusement.

Different examinations have discovered relations between the utilization of innovation and

elements related to scholastic accomplishment, one such being Gil-Flores (2009) who saw a

critical connection between PC use and instructive achievement. This investigation discovered that

secondary school understudies who utilize a PC at home more regularly scored better grades in

math and dialects. In spite of the fact that Web was not a deciding element, it basically builds up a

connection between the factors.

In accordance with this, near 245 million individuals use Web in US, positioning among top

ten nations on the planet with most elevated Web utilization. Studies have shown that in excess of

90% of undergrads in US use Web effectively, this records for roughly 20 million understudies

(Public Community for Instruction Insights).

Social Network Site Impact on Academic Performance

Social use of the web, for instance, online electronic media has become recognizable in

understudy neighborhood. In this manner academic foundations and staff are stressed over its

impact on insightful execution. According to Paul, Mixture puncher and Cochran (2012) the time

spends on internet based interpersonal organizations present basic negativity on academic

execution of the understudies.

The present undergrads (which comprise of Age Y or likewise named Millennial) are

presented to a wide range of advancements in numerous parts of their lives (Cooking, Gerlich, and

Westermann, 2011). Consistently they use PCs, workstations, Tablets, tablets, and phones to

effectively participate in long range informal communication, message informing, writing for a blog,

content sharing, internet learning, and significantly more (Cassidy, Griffin, Manolovitz, Shen, and

Turney, 2011). Online informal organizations (OSNs) have penetrated all ages of Web clients,

turning into a conspicuous specialized instrument, especially in the understudy local area.

Accordingly, scholastic organizations and workforce are progressively utilizing person to person

communication destinations, like Facebook and LinkedIn, to interface with current and possible

understudies and to convey informative substance. (Paul, Bread cook, Cochran, 2012)

In actuality, a few creators and investigates can't help contradicting the past assertion, like

Lenhart, et al., 2010; Tiryakioglu and Erzurum, 2010; Chen and Bryer, 2010 says that

notwithstanding the prevalence of web-based media for individual utilize just a low level of

understudies and personnel use them for scholastic practice. Online person to person

communication (OSN) destinations, like Facebook, Twitter and Myspace, are utilized consistently

by a huge number of individuals. Most of this internet organizing local area is comprised of

undergrads. Truth be told, a new study of 3000 understudies from across the US uncovered that
90% of undergrads use Facebook and 37% use Twitter (DahIstrom,de Animal, Grunwald,&

Vockley, 2011).

Conceptual Framework

The conceptual framework was created to investigate the impact of a lack of internet

connection on STEM students' academic performance at Maryknoll College of Panabo Inc. The

relation between the input, process, and output is depicted in this diagram.

The instructional materials used in online learning are contained in the input. Also, the impacts of

lack of internet access on STEM students' academic performance and motivation, as well as how

the consequences of lack of internet access affect STEM students' writing performance.

Online Learning Face to Face

Learning

Blended Learning

Learning Approach
 Student Student
Writing Motivation

Figure 2. Conceptual Framework Indicating the Variables of the Study

CHAPTER 3

Research Design

The purpose of a research design is to guarantee that the evidence you gather allows you

to successfully and explicitly address the research topic. Obtaining information relevant to the

study topic in social sciences research usually includes identifying the sort of evidence required to

test a hypothesis, evaluate a program, or correctly describe and assess the significance of an

observable occurrence.

The correlational research design will be used by the researcher in particular. The goal of

this design is to find a link between the independent and dependent variables and see how one

influences the other. The purpose of this study is to determine the negative effects of slow internet

in a new academic approach, and it is therefore a correlative in nature, making it appropriate to

use the design.

Research Locale

One of the most important phases in this quantitative research project will be to select

participants from Maryknoll College of Panabo Inc... grade 12 students under online learning.

Through the interview, the research participants will serve as the key relevant informants,
providing data and information about the experiences, coping skills, and insights of students

enrolled in online education that is required for this study to reach an accurate conclusion.

Maryknoll College of Panabo Inc. is located at National Highway Barangay, Sto. Nino Purok

Atis, Panabo City, Davao del Norte. Mcpi is a private, Catholic school. The school was associated

by the Maryknoll Congregation also called the Maryknoll Sisters. Previously Dominican, the current

patron of the institution is St. John Vianney.

Below is the map showing exact location of Mcpi.

 Figure 3. Map of Maryknoll College of Panabo Inc. location.

(Courtesy from www.googlemap.com)

Population and Sample Size

In this study, the researcher used Simple Random Sampling, which means that everyone in
the population has an equal chance of being selected as a respondent. The researcher then made
a list of everyone in the population. The study's participants were all Maryknoll College of Panabo,
Inc. Grade 12 students. The total population of the Grade 12 St. Martha STEM Online Students
(40) wherein after solving it using simple random sampling and the Taro Yamane Method with a
confidence level of 95% and with a margin of error of 0.05.

Where: n=N/ (1+N(e)2)

n signifies the sample size

N signifies the population under study

e signifies the margin of error

n=N/ (1+N(e)2)

n=40/ (1+40(0.05)2)

n=40/ (1+40(0.0025)

n=40/(1+1)

n=40/1.165

n=37

Therefore, the sample size of this study is 37 students.

Research Instrument

In the collection of data, this study provided questionnaire with set of questions that are

answered by the respondents. The questionnaires consist of set of specific questions

that can be answered by Yes or No. it determines the effects of slow internet

connectivity to their academic performance to the Grade 12-St. Martha Online Students.

Data Gathering Procedures

The following procedures were followed by the researcher to assemble the info needed to answer
the matter presented within our study

•1. Using Google Forms, the researcher created a survey questionnaire. There are 10 items in the
survey questionnaire related to variable quantity and variable quantity.

•2. Before conducting the gathering of information, the researcher presented the survey

questionnaire to the research adviser for validation.

•3. After validation, the survey questionnaire is saved on the Google Drive link provided

by the research adviser.

•4. The researcher made a full list of the respondents on Grade 12-St. Martha Online Students.

•5. As the research utilized simple sampling, the researcher distributes of survey questionnaires to
the respondents.

•6. The researcher distributed the link of the survey questionnaire to the chosen sample through
Facebook Messenger. The researcher made sure to messenger back them politely and asked to
answer the survey on their most convenient time.

Statistical Treatment
 The statistical tools will be explained in this part in terms of how they will verify the

researcher's hypothesis; the statistical treatments are as follows:

The researcher will use a frequency distribution table to analyze the quantitative variables

and their associated frequencies in order to discover patterns and outcomes of the research.

Spearman’s rank correlation the statistical technique that will be used to assess if there is a

significant link between the two variables, as well as to quantify and figure out the strength of the

relationship between the independent and dependent variables, It's also because the researcher

wants to figure out what the negative effects of having a slow internet connection are and how they

affect students' academics. The produced findings will then be displayed in a correlation table.