CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter present an overview of some related literature and studies that are conceptual literature
.

This research shows the related concepts, definitions and classifications about solid waste
management and composting.

Solid Waste Management

According to Iyyanki Muralikrishna and Valli Manickam from Research Gate december, 2017),
“Without an effective and efficient waste management program, the waste generated from
various human activities, both industrial and domestic, can result in health hazards and have a
negative impact on the environment.”. An effective and efficient waste management program is a
way for an area to have a clean and safe environment. The researchers have formulated a way to
accomplish the aim of Iyyanki Muralikrishna and Valli Manickam.

Treatments and disposal methods depends on the type of problem that any community has. Residents
or any responsible citizen of the community are able to conduct an appropriate solution for the
sake of their environment. Based on their research, it is also said that various human activity can result a
negative impact that can also cause health hazards to the residents. Proper discipline and awareness
of residents is needed. Nowadays, the main problem of everybody about solid waste management is
the lack of discipline of some people, that causes growing rate of garbage problems that also affects air
pollution, water and soil contamination, floods and excessive breeding of rodents and vermin.

However, Taguti, Francoso, Viera (2017) claimed that, “Biodegradable materials are substituting the
conventional materials in many different applications. Among these, an important class is the
biodegradable polymers, also known as ecofriendly polymers .