CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Related Literature

Avadon (2018) "If you're not going to separate your waste," he remarked properly,

everything will be mixed up in the landfills exactly like it is in your trash bin. If they don't

have any dangerous gas in them, it would be fine. But when these pollutants degrade,

they risk contaminating the land. As a result, it may cause gas leaks and other

environmental hazards.

The first step in managing trash in schools is to separate waste. Make sure the

appropriate containers are used while setting up bins for various types of waste. You

should have bins that are clearly labeled for glass, papers, plastics, cans, and organic

waste. Don't dump rubbish in a landfill. In addition to foul odors, pollutants and

chemicals from landfills seep into the water supply and the atmosphere.Lawn clippings,

plants, paper, and other organic garbage should be kept apart from regular trash.

Compost your organic waste and instruct students on how it works. Compost can be

used on school gardens to reduce the need for fertilizer and other chemicals (Benito,

2007). Improper waste disposal can have a negative impact on the health of the

community living close to polluted areas or landfills. Skin rashes, blood infections,

respiratory disorders, development concerns, and even reproductive problems can all

result from exposure to badly managed wastes (Ling, 2018).

 Iyyanki Muralikrishna and Valli Manickam from ResearchGate (December, 2017)

stated that "Without an effective and efficient waste management program, the waste

generated from various human activities, both industrial and domestic, can result in

health hazards and have a negative impact on the environment." An area can

maintain a clean and secure environment by implementing an effective waste

management program. The researchers have developed a strategy to carry out Iyyanki

Muralikrishna and Valli Manickam's objective.

Treatments and disposal techniques vary depending on the difficulty a community

is facing. Residents or any other responsible community member can undertake a

suitable solution for the benefit of their environment. According to their research, many

human activities may have a detrimental effect that could endanger the health of the

locals. Residents must be properly disciplined and informed. The primary issue with

solid waste management nowadays is the lack of discipline displayed by some

individuals, which leads to an increase in garbage-related issues that also negatively

impact floods, rodent and vermin overpopulation, water and soil contamination, and air

pollution.

Related Studies

One of the current issues the Philippines is struggling with is improper waste

disposal, which is primarily caused by humans. Numerous studies carried out over the
past several years have determined the significance of effective trash disposal in the

community and the negative impacts of improper garbage disposal on the community,

the environment, and the health of the locals. This section introduces each of these.

According to Khylle Tumala (January, 2015) the results of her investigation into the

effects of improper garbage disposal in the Philippines, "Improper waste disposal is one

of the largest environmental issues here. It resulted in broader issues that have an

impact on people's health and way of life in addition to the environment. This issue

might be resolved or it might continue to be a concern for the nation in the coming

years.

Waste management and waste disposal are two distinct concepts. In order to carry

out waste management effectively, adequate trash disposal is required. Recycling,

processing, transportation, collection, and monitoring of waste products are all included

in waste management. The waste products mostly fall into one of three categories:

solid, liquid, or gaseous. Non-biodegradable waste is another name for solid waste

(UKEssays, 2015). Reduce, reuse, and recycle, or the 3Rs, were at the focus of their

investigation, which also looked at trash management as a concept and how it affected

garbage disposal. garbage management becomes challenging if garbage disposal is not

done correctly. It has also been demonstrated that inappropriate garbage disposal is

primarily caused by human activity and a lack of discipline, making the issue

challenging to tackle.

Glean (2017) claims that either this issue will be resolved or it won't affect the

nation for a few years. Water pollution, air pollution, flooding, ground and surface water
contamination, and other issues are all negatively impacted by improper waste

management. If we keep up this behavior, people will suffer in the years to come.

Because of the improper disposal of the trash, health security may not be protected or

guarded when it comes to consuming polluted water.

Acording to Fernandez (2019) As we are all aware, littering is bad for everyone, yet

the majority of people continue to dispose of their waste in inappropriate locations. You

will always encounter an unpleasant dump of rubbish, no matter how modest, as you

move through an area.

Furthermore, Marianne and Fred Sandford (2015) asserted that incorrect

hazardous waste disposal might harm the air in addition to contaminating the land and

the nearby water supply. Not following correct disposal processes can also have an

impact on the price of homes because areas with a reputation for toxic environments

are more likely to have lower property values. The productivity of soil and water can be

impacted over time by poor municipal garbage disposal practices. Lethal gases like

carbon monoxide and methane are also produced by it.

Synthesis of the State-of-the-Art

Waste disposal is the process of getting rid of waste materials, which can be

hazardous to the environment and human health. Over the years, there have been
significant improvements in waste disposal methods, but there is still a lot of room for

improvement. The most common waste disposal methods include landfill, incineration,

recycling, and composting. Landfills are the most widely used waste disposal method,

but they are often associated with environmental and health risks. Incineration, which

involves burning waste to reduce its volume, is also commonly used but can release

harmful emissions into the atmosphere.

Recycling is becoming increasingly popular as a waste disposal method because

it reduces the amount of waste that ends up in landfills or incinerators. However,

recycling is not always a feasible option for all waste materials. Composting is another

popular waste disposal method, which involves converting organic waste materials into

nutrient-rich soil. This method is environmentally friendly and can also help to reduce

the amount of waste that ends up in landfills.

More recent developments in waste disposal include advanced technologies

such as pyrolysis and gasification, which use high temperatures to convert waste

materials into fuel or energy. These methods are still in the experimental phase and are

not yet widely used. In conclusion, waste disposal is an ongoing challenge, but progress

has been made in developing new and more environmentally friendly methods for

handling waste materials. Recycling and composting are two of the most promising

methods for reducing the amount of waste that ends up in landfills, and advanced

technologies such as pyrolysis and gasification show promise for the future. However, it

is important to continue to research and develop new methods to improve waste

disposal and reduce its negative impact on the environment and human health.
Theoretical Framework

Conceptual Framework

Input Process Output

 Lack of trash bin  Analyzing the surroundings  Application of the

 Absence of  Observing the problem in

garbage trucks the school.

 Waste seperation  Searching for possible

solution
REFERENCE

Caparida R., Loriche J.K., Superticioso L.G. (2020) Basura mo, Sagot mo: The Waste Disposal
Management of Central Bukidnon Institute