Systems Operation

994D Wheel Loader Steering System

Pilot Valve (Steering)

Location of the Steering Pilot Valve

(1) STIC. (2) Steering pilot valve.

Pilot Valve (Steering)

(3) Handle

(4) Link

(5) Link

(6) Plunger
(7) Plunger

(8) Spring

(9) Spring

(10) Cap

(11) Cap

(12) Spring seat

(13) Spring seat

(14) Spring

(15) Spring

(16) Return port to the hydraulic tank

(17) Spring

(18) Spring

(19) Passage

(20) Passage

(21) Spool

(22) Spool

(23) Port to the left neutralizer valve

(24) Inlet port from the selector and pressure control valve

(25) Port to the right neutralizer valve

While the engine is running, pilot oil flows from the selector and pressure control valve to the
steering pilot valve. Pilot oil enters the steering pilot valve through port (24) .

STIC (1) is attached to handle (3) . When the STIC is not being moved, springs (8) and (9) keep
handle (3) in the CENTERED position. Pilot oil flows through inlet (24) to metering spools (21) and
(22) . In this position, the spools block the flow of pilot oil to the steering control valve. This causes
the pilot oil to flow back to the hydraulic tank for the steering and brake systems.

When the STIC is moved to the LEFT TURN position, handle (3) also moves to the left. This causes
link (4) to move plunger (6) downward. As the plunger moves downward, the plunger overcomes the
force of spring (8) . This causes the spring to compress. As the plunger moves downward through
cap (10) , the plunger also causes the following components to move downward: spring seat (12),
spring (14), spring (17) and spool (21) .

When spool (21) moves downward, passage (19) opens. Pilot oil can now flow from inlet port (24)
into passage (19) . The pilot oil then flows through passage (19) and past spool (21) . The pilot oil
then flows out of port (23) . The pilot oil flows from port (23) to the left neutralizer valve. Next, the
pilot oil flows to the steering control valve.

At the same time, link (5) moves plunger (7) upward. This allows spring (15) to compress. As spring
(15) compresses, spring (18) extends. This causes spool (22) to move upward. This allows return
pilot oil from the steering control valve to flow through the right neutralizer valve. The return pilot
oil then flows into port (25) past spool (22) . The return pilot oil then flows back to the hydraulic
tank for the steering and brake systems through port (16) .

The operation of the steering pilot valve for a right turn is similar to the operation for a left turn.

When the STIC is moved to the RIGHT TURN position, handle (3) also moves to the right. This
causes link (5) to move downward and this also causes link (4) to move upward.

This allows pilot oil to flow from inlet port (24) into passage (20) . The pilot oil then flows through
passage (20) and past spool (22) . The pilot oil then flows out of port (25) and through the right
neutralizer valve. From the right neutralizer valve, the pilot oil flows to the steering control valve.

This also allows return pilot oil from the steering control valve to flow through the left neutralizer
valve. The return pilot oil then flows into port (23) and past spool (21) . The return pilot oil then
flows back to the hydraulic tank for the steering and brake systems through port (16) .

When the STIC is released, springs (8) and (9) return handle (3) to the CENTERED position. This
causes the wheels to remain in the current position.