HIEF INVESTMENT OFFICE
Capital Market Outlook
MARCH 19, 2018
Mires
MACRO STRATEGY
The transition to more pro-growth fiscal and regulatory
policy, a secular trend change in interest rates and market
leadership from the technology sector are key trends we see
Continuing over the intermediate to longer term. Here, we
examine some historical parallels between the current cycle
‘and the 1990s’ cycle that support our outlook for continued
solid economic growth,
GLOBAL MARKET VIEW
We see a number of gale forces bending but not breaking
the current rally in US. equities this year. We believe we are
ina bamboo market.
THOUGHT OF THE WEEK
‘The potential for Mexican equities as a solid value play
exists, Positive resolutions in North American Free Trade
‘Agreement (NAFTA) negotiations and clarity created by
July's presidential election would realize this value in our
view. However, we remain cautious given high uncertainty
PORTFOLIO CONSIDERATIONS
One of the trends that has not materialized in the equity
‘markets, particularly in the US, has been outperfornance
‘of value over growth on a style basis. Growth has handily
‘outperformed especially since the beginning of 2017 largely due
to the dominant positioning of information technology stocks
and the pressure from deep value equities on value indices
Waeuus
DEJA VU ALL OVER AGAIN, PART Il: THE 19905
GWIM Chief Investment Office Macro Strategy Team
‘As we discussed in last week's repor, there are similarities
between the current cycle and the 1950s and 1980s
expansions, as well as differences that give the current cycle
distinct features, One important characteristic of the current
‘expansion is that it followed the most severe financial crisis
since the 1930s. The unwinding of excesses in household
mortgage-debt-related sectors, housing and banking,
hampered the typical early-cycle recovery of these sectors,
restraining the expansion in the process, similar to what
happened in the 1990s expansion. A number of other aspects
of the 1990s expansion offer additional insights into how the
‘current expansion is unfolding
IF the current expansion lasts past June 2019, it will become
the longest in US. history, surpassing the 120-month long
1990s expansion. Some of the shared features of the 1990s
and today’s expansion help account for their unusual longevity
These include: (1) low inflation; (2) a greater reliance on equity
as opposed to debt financing for growth; (3) technology sector
leadership; and (4) a late-cycle pickup in capital spending
and productivity
The long downtrend in inflation that began in the early
1980s, with an annual Consumer Price Index (CPI) peak just
above 13% in 1980 to consistently less than 3% in the late
1990s, allowed the Federal Reserve (the Fed) to maintain
a more accommodative policy even as the unemployment
rate fell coward 4%, Fed Chair Alan Greenspan kept policy
accommodative in the late 1990s even though unemployment
was low, and wage growth was accelerating, This gave extra
life to the 1990s expansion. Simitarly low inflation today
has kept the Fed stimulative despite low unemployment in
an effort to boost inflation closer to its long-term target
of 2%. Most recessions begin after the Fed has reduced
‘accommadation by tightening financial conditions and
inverting the yield curve. Currently the relevant yield curve
spread between the Federal funds rate and the ten-year
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Treasury note is around historically normal levels, or even a bit,
higher, suggesting that policy remains accommodative.
Excessive borrowing or leverage are often constraints
(on economic expansions as consumers and businesses
increasingly rely on loans late in the cycle to fund big-
ticket expenditures like houses, cars and capital equipment.
Historically reliance on debt finance gets one or two standard