PROJECT FINAL TEST

PROCESS ENGINEERING DRAWING

HINTS:
1. You can draw the picture in visio or autocad
2. The report will consist of:
- Cover (title, name, student number)
- Answer of the problem
- Reference (if any)
3. Save as PDF file with file name: name_student number_UAS_EngDraw.Pdf
4. Submit the report to EMAS as already scheduled.
 Production of Activated Carbon from Coconut Shell by using Pyrolysis Technology

Activated carbon is an adsorbent derived from carbonaceous raw material. The most common
precursors used for the preparation of activated carbons are lignocellulosic materials that are rich
in carbon. Indonesia is an agricultural country that overgrown with coconut bushes, produce
around 2.5 – 3 million tons of coconut fruit per year while coconut shell waste can reach around
360 thousand tons. With the abundant supply of coconut shell waste in Indonesia it is a prudent
decision to make coconut shell as raw material to produce activated carbon. Activated carbon is
produced from pyrolysis and activation process. With coconut shell as the raw material, the
product should be in powdered form and 80 mesh in pore size. The main equipment used are
rotary kiln, fluidized bed reactor, crusher, heat exchanger, flash drum, condenser, and ball mill.
The plant is estimated to produce 16,643.56 ton activated carbon per year. With the average price
2050 USD/ton, 6% MARR, 42,458,144, 49 USD CAPEX, and 11,914,386 USD OPEX the plant
is considered profitable with NPV of positive 139,046,969.31 USD and the payback period is
estimated to be 3.47 years.

Problem 1: Draw BFD from PFD

See block flow diagram of production of activated carbon from coconut shell as below,

Block flow diagram carbonization section

 Block flow diagram activation section
There are at least two step main process that needed to produce activated carbon. The first one is
carbonization where the coconut shell will turn into charcoal by pyrolysis through rotary kiln.
The second main process is the activation section where the charcoal become activated carbon
that can be used for other function through fluidized bed reactor. Meanwhile, water will be treated
in water treatment utility and cooling water utility. Draw BFD of water treatment utility and
cooling water utility based on PFD given in problem 2.

Problem 2: Piping and instrumentation design (P&ID)

Identify what kind of control that need for each unit in a table and draw the P&ID from the given PFD.
PFD are consist of 4 drawing: carbonization section, activation section, water treatment utility, and
cooling water utility.
Example of list of control unit table

# Unit Unit name Control system

1 K-102 Compressor …
• Carbonization section
• Activation section
• Water treatment utility

• Cooling water utility

Problem 3: Plant layout and equipment plant layout
- Make a minimum distance table based on hazard categories
- Draw plant layout and equipment layout. Equipment layout should be separated with plant
layout.

Red line: location of the plant.

Wind rose chart in Riau

Equipment list and size