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Plumbing Lab Guide Sample
Plumbing Lab Guide Sample
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Course Number
Course Code
Descriptive Title Plumbing
Credit Units 3
School AY 2020-2021/2st Semester
Year/Term
Mode of Delivery Online/Offline Learning
Course This course is designed to equip individual with operation skills in
Description plumbing, such as prepare plumbing layout, make piping joints
and connections and install assemble single plumbing unit.
Course Outcome At the end of the module, you must have:
Identify the different tools used in plumbing
Explain the theories of house plumbing and their application in
septic tanks, bathrooms and kitchen water connections
Follow the correct installation techniques and steps in plumbing
Explain the importance of the standards of the national plumbing
code
SLSU Vision A high-quality corporate University of Science, Technology and
Innovation.
SLSU Mission SLSU will develop science, technology and innovation leaders and
professionals; produce high-impact technologies from research
and innovations; contribute to sustainable development through
responsive community engagement programs; and generate
revenues to be self-sufficient and financially viable.
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MODULE GUIDE
The modules are designed in order to address the flexible learning modalities in
higher education as instructed by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED). The course
module on Plumbing consists of four modules with three topics in each. The presentation of
information was carefully planned so that optimum learning shall take place given the
modalities we have today.
To start the course module, you need to complete the pre-test structured by the
author of this module. The pre-test covered all topics of the course. You don’t need to worry
because pre-test will not be graded, just answer the test in order to determine the level of
understanding or prior knowledge to the subject.
Course module is divided into two terms, two modules for midterm and another two
for the final term. A separate examination shall be given to you to assess the knowledge
gained from the modules. Dates on the examination will be announced accordingly.
Every topic contains learning outcomes that you must accomplished one in a while.
The presentation of topics used CBLM Model to ensure a learner centered approach. You
must complete every activity provided to help yourself understand the topic easily.
Once done with the course module, a separate parallel post-test will be accomplished
by you to further evaluate the learning and the module itself. References are provided for
further research on your end.
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PRE-TEST
Multiple Choice
Directions: Read the following questions carefully and write the letter that
best describes the statement.
3. Metal with semi-rigid auger whose end is usually fitted with a hook or corkscrew is
called _______________________.
A. Plumber’s Snake C. Valve
B. Plunger D. Bushing
4. If your toilet has trouble, you use rubber funnel-shape instrument attached to the end
of the handle for unblocking. What is this tool?
A. Plumber’s Snake C. Plunger
B. Valve D. Bushing
5. Which plumbing tool is used for gripping large pipes and irregular objects?
A. Monkey Wrench C. Yoke Vise
B. Chain Wrench D. Pipe Wrench
6. A plumber wants to create thread outside pipe by hand. Which tool is appropriate?
A. Pipe Cutter C. Yoke Vise
B. Pipe Threader D. Pipe Wrench
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10. Water contaminants are being forced back into the water piping system. Which term
is referred to?
A. Water Flow C. Pressure
B. Back Flow D. Harvesting
12. Which statement is NOT true about plumbing standards based on Republic Act 1378
which is known as Plumbing Law?
A. Each fixture directly connected to the drainage system shall be equipped with a
water-sealed trap.
B. Plumbing shall be designed and adjusted to use the maximum quantity of water
consistent with proper performance and cleaning.
C. Water closet must be located in a room which is proper lighted and ventilated>
D. No substance which will clog the pipes, produce explosive mixtures, destroy the pipes
or their joints or interfere unduly with the sewage disposal process shall be allowed to
enter the building drainage system.
13. A compartment that receives solid or liquid waste, located below the normal grade
of the gravity system is called________________.
A. Septic C. Trap
B. Sump D. Interceptor
15. Water that is safe for drinking, cooking, and personal use is _______________.
A. Potable C. Clean
B. Purified D. Healthy
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18. Rainwater from the roof down to the ground passes through what pipe?
A. Down Spout C. Gutter
B. Conductor D. Vent
20. If you install water inside the building, what is the diameter of pipes needed?
A. 4 inches C. 0.75 inch
B. 1 inch D. 0.5 inch
22. If your water system has leak, where can you shut off the flow of water?
A. Gate Valve C. Check Valve
B. Galvanized Valve D. PVC Pipes
23. A plumber wants to install a liquid seal to prevent sewer gasses from entering the
building. What device is needed?
A. Union C. Backflow Prevent
B. Trap D. Pump
24. A plumber wants to shut off the flow of water just 90 degrees turn. Which valve is
appropriate?
A. Gate Valve C. Check Valve
B. Globe Valve D. Angle Valve
25. What do you call those flexible waterproof ribbon for covering threaded pipes joints
to prevent leakage?
A. Rubber Bond C. Teflon Tape
B. Masking Tape D. Tape
26. If the end of a PVC pipe a fitted with a male adopter, what fitting will be used to stop
the flow of the water?
A. Elbow C. Cap
B. Coupling D. Plug
28. If the end of a PVC pipe is fitted with a female adopter, what fitting will be used to
stop the flow of the water?
A. Elbow C. Cap
B. Coupling D. Plug
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29. A plumber wants to connect two length of pipes. Which fitting is necessary?
A. Coupling C. Tee
B. Elbow D. Pipe Wrench
30. If there is leaking in the water supply of lavatory, sink, and water closet, which vale
are you going to shut off?
A. Gate Valve C. Check Valve
B. Globe Valve D. Angle Valve
31. I you install a soil pipe, what is the standard pitch or slope?
A. 5% C. 2%
B. 10% D. 1%
32. If you put source of potable water, what is the minimum safe distance from the
septic tank?
A. 15 meters C. 5 meters
B. 10 meters D. 20 meters
33. No cesspool, septic tank or drain fields shall be located within how many meters
radius from the wall?
A. 15 meters C. 50meters
B. 10 meters D. 45 meters
34. If you plan to drill for a well that can supply water for public use, what is the
minimum meter radius from a well to the residences?
A. 150meters C. 50meteres
B. 100meters D. 200meters
35. Every trap for bath tubs, lavatories, sink, and similar fixture shall be ______________.
A. Self-Regulation C. Fix
B. Tight D. Self-Cleaning
36. There should be no concrete sanitary sewers existing within how many meters
radius from the well?
A. 15meters C. 50meters
B. 10meters D. 45meters
38. If you want to estimate the number of G.I. pipes needed from your house to the main
supply, what is the standard length of a G.I. pipe that you are going to use?
A. 20.0 m C. 3.0 m
B. 6 ft. D. 20 ft.
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39. If you want to estimate the number of PVC pipes needed from your house to the
main supply, what is the standard length of a PVC pipe that you are going to use?
A. 20.0 m C. 3.0 m
B. 6 ft. D. 20 ft.
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INFORMATION SHEET 1
Learning objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Requisition form a form requesting materials and supplies needed for making a
project
.
Specification is the description involving measurements like volume, board
feet, quality, trademark manufacturer etc.
1. Plumbing Materials
Steel piping is designed for a long list of applications. Steel piping has gained
popularity in the petroleum, oil, automobile, shipping and food industries because of its
durability and versatility. Schools, hospitals and refineries also widely employ steel
piping.
1. Facts
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Steel piping can be engineered to any height and strength and is easily modified
on-site. There remains a variety of types of steel piping on the market. Common types of
steel pipe include standard steel pipe, line steel pipe, structural steel pipe and plumbing
tubes. Steel is ductile, bending rather than breaking in the presence of excessive stress.
Steel will not morph or lose its strength as time passes. Also, steel is naturally resistant
to rot.
Applications
Line steel pipes are used to transport liquids and gases that are combustible.
Standard steel pipes are used for transporting water, natural gas or steam. Structural
steel pipes are often used for drainage piping. Plumbing tubes made of steel are used to
move potable water or waterborne waste removal.
Properties
Line steel pipes are galvanized, giving the piping corrosion-resistant properties.
Standard steel pipes are fabricated to a diameter no greater than 16 inches, according to
Steel Pipes & Tubing. Structural steel tubes are constructed into either square or
circular shapes. Plumbing tubes are often fabricated thinner than other types of steel
pipes to allow for easier soldering.
PVC PIPE -refers to Poly Vinyl Chloride Plastic material. This is the most common pipe
for plumbing system.
PE PIPE -refers to Polyethylene Plastic material intended for long span water system
installation.
CI PIPE -is a heavy metal made of casting on molds to make fixtures. such as sink, tubs
and lavatories, covered with a porcelain enamel coating.
GI PIPE -is a galvanized iron pipe which is better fitted for plumbing installation than
steel pipe. It is constructed of rough iron, dipped in molten zinc and maybe identified
by its dull grayish color.
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TEFLON TAPE -is specifically used for attachment threaded pipe on fittings.
ABS CLEANER AND CEMENT -is an adhesive material used by a plumber when working
with ABS pipes.
FITTINGS -are made in different forms that are intended for plumbing joints and
connections.
FAUCET -is a point of installation system where flow of water or gas could be
manipulated.
NIPPLE -is a short length of pipe installed between couplings or other fittings.
ADAPTOR/ADAPTER-is fittings that joints two different types of pipes together, such
as ABS to cast iron or threaded to non-threaded.
2. FITTINGS – are any pipe part used to join two sections of pipes.
Stainless steel pipe fittings is an alloy based on iron, which combines together the
mechanical properties of steels and some specific features of corrosion resistance.
These alloys are also liable to tarnish.
This means that they have the possibility to passivate, that means to get covered
with an invisible layer of oxides that protects the underlying metal from corrosive
attacks. stainless steel pipe fittings are the name given to a type of steel with high
chromium contents that thanks to this feature does not rust when exposed to water and
air. They are a very important class of steels, used in countless applications. In fact,
nowadays both stainless steel pipe fittings furniture and construction machinery are
very popular.
The discovery of this type of steel is due to Harry Brearley, who while was
experimenting with various types of alloys for the reeds of guns, noticed that a type of
steel with a certain percentage of chromium did not get rusted when exposed to the
atmosphere. Later this property was explained by the passivation of chromium, which
forms a very thin oxide film on the surface, continuous and stable. The following
progresses in metallurgy between the forty and the sixty have extended their
development and their applications. They are still refined and adapted to the demands
of various industries such as oil/petrochemical, mining, energy, nuclear and food
industries. Stainless steel pipe fittings is still refined and adapted to the demands of
various industries like petroleum, petrochemical, mining, energy, nuclear, food and
obviously building. A lot of machines are built with parts made of steel, from pipes to
sheet to steel trolleys.
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Types of Fittings
Copper Supply
Galvanized Supply
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Plastic Supply
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FIXTURES
Plumbing Fixture
• Bathtubs
• Bidets
Channel drains (also called trench drains)
• Drinking fountains
• Hose bibbs (connections for water hoses)
• Kitchen sinks
• Lavatories (also called bathroom sinks)
• Showers
• Tapware - an industry term for that sub-category of plumbing fixtures
consisting of tap valves, also called water taps or faucets and their accessories,
such as water spouts and shower heads.
• Terminal valves for dishwashers, ice makers, humidifiers, etc.
• Urinals
• Utility sinks
• Water closets- (known as toilets in the USA, loos, flush toilets or lavatories in
Britain)
showers (that are not in bathtubs) usually lack this feature because their drains
normally cannot be stopped.
Each fixture usually has a characteristic means of connection. Normal plumbing
practice is to install a valve on each water supply line before the fixture, and this is most
commonly termed a stop or "service valve". The water supply to some fixtures is cold
water only (such as water closets and urinals). Most fixtures also have a hot water
supply. In some occasional cases, a sink may have both a potable (drinkable) and a
nonportable water supply.
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Drains
The actual initial
drain part in a lavatory or
sink is termed a strainer. If
there is a removable strainer
device that fits into the fixed
strainer, it is termed a
strainer basket. The initial
pipe that leads from the
strainer to the trap is termed
the tailpiece.
Floor-mounted water
closets seal to the toilet
flange of the drain pipe by
means of a wax ring. These
are traditionally made out of
beeswax. However,
their proper sealing depends on proper seating of the water closet, on a firm
and secure base (floor), and on proper installation of the closet bolts which secure
the closet to the flange, which is in turn supposed to be securely fastened to the floor.
PLUMBING TOOLS
MEASURING TOOLS- is the activity of obtaining and comparing physical quantities of
real-world objects and events. Established standard objects and events are used as
units, and the process of measurement gives a number relating the item under study
and the referenced unit of measurement.
CUTTING TOOLS- is any tool that is used to remove material from the workpiece by
means of shear deformation. Cutting may be accomplished by single-point or multipoint
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tools. Single-point tools are used in turning, shaping, plaining and similar operations,
and remove material by means of one cutting edge. Milling and drilling tools are often
multipoint tools. Grinding tools are also multipoint tools.
BORING TOOLS-boring is the process of enlarging a hole that has already been drilled
(or cast), by means of a single-point cutting tool, for example as in boring a cannon
barrel. Boring is used to achieve greater accuracy of the diameter of a hole, and can be
used to cut a tapered hole.
ELECTRICAL
HAMMER DRILL DRILL AUGER BRACE WITH BITS
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SPIRIT LEVEL
PLUMB BOB
HORSE LEVEL
DRIVING TOOLS-driving tools help hand tools and power tools work together,
especially important for the variety of drilling tasks that get done in woodworking.
S L E D G E R H A M M E
| C L A W H A M M E R |
CROW BAR
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HOLDING TOOLS-Tool for holding firmly any material that has to be cut.
SELF-CHECK-1
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DISCUSSION
Your answer will be rated using the rubric below
1. Select 10 basic tools, utensils and equipment and discuss its functions/uses in
plumbing.
Content 5
Organization 3
Grammar 2
Total 10
2. List down the materials and tools required by the following task.
1. repair of defective faucet
2. replacement of damaged gate valve
3. repair of fitting with leakage
4. installation of additional faucet
4. changing G.I. pipes with PVC pipes.
SCORE CRITERIA
5 Creatively and neatly done showing much relevance to the given topic
4 Creatively done and neat enough with relevance to the given topic
3 Creatively done and neat enough but no relevance to the given topic
2 Simply done and neat enough but not so relevant to the given topic
1 Poorly done with erasures and irrelevant to the given topic
INFORMATION SHEET 2
Learning objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
Measuring Tools
Inside Caliper is used to measure the internal size of an object.
Steel Square is a tool that carpenters and other tradesman use consisting of a large
arm and a smaller arm which meet at an angle 90˚.Today the steel square is more
commonly referred to as the framing square.
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TRY SQUARE is a wood working or a metal working tool used for marking/measuring a
piece of wood. It is primarily used to measure the accuracy of right angle (90˚ degrees)
tried on any surface so as to check its straightness or correspondence to an adjoining
surface.
PULL PUSH RULE (Tape Measure) is a flexible tape measure which is available in
lengths up to 50 feet. Other tapes that are 12 to 25 feet are usually considered adequate.
Most tapes have an automatic power return that is useful but not necessary.
Inside Caliper is
adjusted by rotating
the screw to measure
holes and diameters
Avoid using tip of the
inside caliper to open the cover of any can. Avoid dropping it to maintain its accuracy in
taking measurements.
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Steel Square is a
tool that a
carpenter and
other tradesman
use. It consists of a
large arm and a
smaller arm which
meet at an angle of
90˚.Today the steel
square is more
commonly referred
to as the framing
square.
Hold the tool firmly and cautiously. See to it that it won’t drop. It has a sharp pointed
end and dangerous.
Hold the try-square properly to maintain its straight edges which are used to get
the desired angle. Don’t use it for other purposes. Put it in its proper place.
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Hold the tip of the pull push rule when removing it from its housing. Put it slowly to
avoid cut from the steel tape.
SELF-CHECK-2
DISCUSSION
Your answer will be rated using the rubric below
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1. What are the different measuring tools, discuss its functions and importance in
plumbing.
Content 5
Organization 3
Grammar 2
Total 10
INFORMATION SHEET 3
Learning objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
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The rough-in dimension of water closets is measured from the center line of the
outlet to the finish wall line. Different types of water closets come in different
measurements from the center lines of outlets.
Comfort rooms are generally made of concrete floors and walls. Therefore, the
rough- in of the water closet should be done prior to the pouring of concrete. The
following are tools and materials needed to perform roughing-in:
Tools and materials
Tape measure
Pencil
Auger bit and brace
Spirit level
Claw hammer
Drainage pipe
Water closet
Plywood concrete form
Common wire nails
Perform Piping Layout Rough-In Procedure In this activity the student will learn the
plumbing information and steps required to perform roughing in layout of a water
closet, and drainage system.
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Procedure
1. Determine the rough-in measurements of the water closet to be installed based on the
manufacturer’s manual of specifications.
2. Mark the center of the outlet on the plywood floor form for the proposed concrete
floor.
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3. From the mark on the plywood form, make a circular hole on the outside installation
diameter of the pipe to be used in the installation.
4. Cut pipe with a diameter equal to the hole made in the flooring form around 30
centimeters or 12 inches.
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5. Fit the cut pipe into the hole in the concrete form extending at least 4 inches below
the floor line.
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9. While doing the concreting process, be careful not to damage the piping system.
SELF-CHECK-3
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DISCUSSION
Your answer will be rated using the rubric below
1. What are the procedure in piping layout rough-in. Discuss each procedure.
Content 5
Organization 3
Grammar 2
Total 10
INFORMATION SHEET 4
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Learning objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
1. Identify the steps in cutting and connecting pipes
2. Discuss the copper pipe working procedure
Cost is always associated with the kind of pipe to be used. Thus, it is important to know
Recommended Uses
1. The Standard Pipe is used for a well-fitted hub and
spigot connections.
2. The Single Hub is recommended when the length of a
pipe needed is more than 150 centimeters long wherein
cutting is not necessary.
3. The Double Hub is preferred when a piece of pipe
needed is shorter than 150 centimeters long. When the
pipe is cut, both ends have hub to serve as join
connector.
4. The Hub less Pipe is used in lieu of the single hub to
do away with caulking of joints. It is cheaper and easily connected using a neoprene
rubber sleeves.
Table 3-1 Weight of Soil Pipe 150 cm. long
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50 2 143 150
75 3 143 150
100 4 142 150
125 5 142 150
150 6 142 150
2. Cutting of copper pipes with a suitable rotary tube cutter will give the best and
satisfying result. In the absence of a rotary tube cutter, the hacksaw blade with 24 teeth
per inch is used on heavy pipes and the 32 teeth per inch for the thinner one.
3. Cutting is done through a gently light forward stroke. After cutting, the burns are
removed inside the pipe with a file or reamer.
4. Copper pipes are bent slowly on a wide radius to avoid kinking. Bending a pipe is
easily done with pipe bending machine to produce a very satisfactory result. Another
way of bending copper pipe is by using a steel spring inserted inside the pipe to
procedure a smooth clean curve.
Plastic Pipes
Plastic pipe is a new concept in plumbing for all types of
building. Plastic pipe has been accepted worldwide after it
has in many ways proven itself to be superior as sewer
and cold-water pipe line material. The simplest way of
joining plastic pipe is by cementing called solvent
welding. Solvent welding takes only about ¼ the time it
takes to assemble bell and spigot joints.
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7. Do not disturb the pipe for several minutes after the quarter turn, wait for about 2
hours before testing the line under pressure. Drying of the cement must be far enough
advance from 15 to 20 hours to permit use of the line.
8. In the process of bending, plastic pipe is packed with sand then heated using a flame
torch or hot water. Apply pressure gently and gradually when the pipe is soft and ready
for bending. Continue bending until the desired curvature of the pipe is arrived at. A
metal spring for bending copper tube may be used to prevent flattering of the pipe.
9. Correction or repair of lines may be done by cutting the pipe at a reasonable distance
away from the side of the fitting then connect with coupling or socket.
SELF-CHECK-4
DISCUSSION
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1. What are the procedures in cutting and connecting pipes? Discuss its importance in
plumbing.
Content 5
Organization 3
Grammar 2
Total 10 2. Agree or disagree to the following statements
and justify your answer.
1. Plastic pipe has been accepted worldwide after it has in many ways proven
itself to be superior as sewer and cold-water pipe line material.
2. Be sure to cut pipe ends square or at right angle with the axis of the pipe.
3. The size of galvanized iron pipe is the diameter of its hole not the outside
diameter.
4. Cast iron pipes had been used for all types of plumbing installations.
5. Correction or repair of lines may be done by cutting the pipe at a reasonable
distance away from the side of the fitting then connect with coupling or socket.
3. Discuss the difference between PVC and Cast-Iron Pipe in terms of:
a. Durability
b. Flexibility
c. Availability
d. Quality
e. Affordability
f. Easy to install
INFORMATION SHEET 5
Learning objectives:
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The Combination Public Sewer is the oldest type of public sewer that conveys
both storm water and sanitary waste.
The Sanitary Sewer is a public sewer facility that carries regular sanitary waste
only. It terminates in a modern sewage disposal plant.
The Storm Drain is another kind of public sewer line that carries storm water. It
terminates in a natural drain such as canals, lakes, or rivers.
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the surface. Oxidation of the effluent deeper than 150 cm. would become extremely
difficult.
Size of the Septic Tank
So far, there is no mathematic formula ever formulated to arrive in determining a
definite size of a septic tank. However, sanitary authorities agreed in principles that:
1. For a family of 6 persons, the minimum tank capacity should be approximately 1.3
cubic meters with a minimum size of 90 centimeters wide by 150 centimeters long and
120 centimeters depth.
2. A very large tank is not advisable, because the bacterial activities would be retarded.
The size of the tank is proportionally based on the number of persons expected to be
served. In other words, the volume of the tank has a rational proportion with the
volume of incoming waste for bacterial activities to be in favorable condition.
3. For residential installation, the practice is to allow 5 to 6 cubic feet of tank volume per
person. Thus, a septic tank that will serve a family of 12 persons must have a liquid
capacity of 6 x 12 =72 cubic feet or 538 gallons.
Technical data determining volume of septic tank
Minimum width 90cm.
Minimum length 150 cm.
Minimum depth 120cm.
For residential buildings to serves large number of people, allocate of liquid per person
=0.14 to 0.17 cu. M
For small residential house to serve up to 12 persons, the chamber should have a liquid
content of not more than= 2.0 cubic meters
For school, commercial and industrial establishment the volume of the septic tank
should be less than=.057cubic meters
More than=.086 cubic meters/person
SELF-CHECK-5
DISCUSSION
Your answer will be rated using the rubric below
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1. What are the types of sewage disposal system? Discuss the importance of the sewage
disposal system.
INFORMATION SHEET 6
Learning objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
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Pipe installations that fail or break too soon, may have been due to any of the
following causes:
1. The use of too many fittings
2. The use of wrong type of fittings
Recommendation:
1. Do not use short radius fittings on a vertical to horizontal directions or horizontal to
horizontal changes.
2. Use long sweep fitting on horizontal changes
3. For vertical to horizontal direction of changes, the Y and 45º fitting are most
appropriate.
Waste Pipe and Other Fixture
Waste pipe is classified into two types depending upon the kind of fixture it will serve.
1. Direct Waste
2. Indirect Waste
Direct Waste is one with terminal directly connected to the plumbing system
Different Types of Fixture Served by Direct Waste
1. Urinals
2. Bathtub
3. Lavatories
4. Sink
5. Showers
6. Drinking Fountain
7. Laundry
8. Laboratory
9. Hospital Fixture
Indirect Waste refers to a connection with terminal not directly connected to the
plumbing system. Fixture served by indirect waste are:
1. Soda fountain
2. Bar waste
3. Refrigeration
4. Drinking fountain
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SELF-CHECK-6
DISCUSSION
Your answer will be rated using the rubric below
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1. What are the three major component parts of plumbing system installation? Discuss
the difference in terms of functions.
2. What are the causes of pipe installation failure, cite some relevant solutions.
3. How the waste pipe size affects the plumbing system.
4. Discuss direct and indirect waste.
Content 5
5. Agree or disagree to the following statements and
Organization 3
justify your answer.
Grammar 2
1. The effectiveness of plumbing installation
depends upon the strict observance of the natural Total 10
laws of nature.
2. Plumbing fixture are too often misused.
INFORMATION SHEET 7
Learning objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
1. Identify and discuss the plumbing code on soil pipe installation
2. Discuss the general conditions in installing soil branch
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Installation Requirements
To start with the soil pipe roughing-in, plan layout of the entire building
installation must be prepared. This includes the location of fixtures, size of the
partitions, location of doors and windows as well as the lowered ceiling that will conceal
the soil and waste pipe branches.
Building designers do not always use good judgement in indicating the location of
the soil pipe. Relocation of the soil or vent stack requires good judgement to
accommodate the runs of associated vent, waste and water pipes in a more practical
way. To do this effectively, the plumber’s knowledge of layout must be complete and
adequate.
The location of electric outlets and boxes, cabinets and other building necessities
has to be set up. The soil pipe is generally placed before the mounting of partitions.
Passing the soil pipe through any of this facility unit would be a reflection on the
mechanical ability of the plumber, and a fault that would be exceedingly hard to correct.
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Content 5
Organization 3
Grammar 2
Total 10
SELF-CHECK-7
DISCUSSION
Your answer will be rated using the rubric below
1. What are the three purposes why plumbing system must extend full size through the
roof. Discuss each purpose.
2. Explain the national plumbing code on soil pipe.
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INFORMATION SHEET 8
Learning objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
1. Identify and discuss the four types of house drain
2. Discuss the two patterns in contracting a back flow valve
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Industrial Drain- is a house drain that receive discharges from industrial equipment
that contain some objectionable acid waste. Industrial drain that contains acid waste
terminates into a separate drainage basin.
Storm Drain- convey all storm clear water, or surface water waste except sanitary
wastes. Storm drains terminates into lake, river, dry run or natural basin.
Back Flow Valve
The back flow valve is a device used in a drainage system to prevent the reversal of
flow. It is installed in a house drain or branches of the house drain that are subjected to
reversal flow of liquid. The back flow valve is installed on the house drain, just near the
foundation wall or near the toilet room under floor. It is set in a level position to attain
its full effectiveness.
Back flow valves are constructed in two patterns and are classified as:
1. The Balance Valve
2. The Unbalance Valve
The Balance Valve is the most preferred, because it has the characteristics of non-
interferences in the movement of air inside the drainage system. The interior
mechanism consists of a brass-seat into which fitted a gate counter balanced with an
adjustable cast iron weight.
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The Unbalanced Valve is not illustrated here, but its appearance is similar to the balance
valve. This type of valve is not preferred because of its recorded poor performance in
the past.
Content 5
Organization 3
Open this site for your guide:
Grammar 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xoWP_XHXteU
Total 10
SELF-CHECK-8
DISCUSSION
Your answer will be rated using the rubric below
1. What are the four classifications of house drain, explain its functions and
importance.
2. Explain the importance of house drain in the plumbing system.
3. What are the two patterns of back flow valve and discuss using a Venn diagram.
4. Agree or disagree to the following statements and justify your answer.
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INFORMATION SHEET 9
Learning objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
1. Identify the classification of storm drain
2. Discuss the different sizes of storm
3. Value the importance of the storm drains in drainage system
As a general rule, storm drain in not permitted to discharge into a septic tank or to
the main sewer system. The collection and disposal of storm water is an important
phase of plumbing system that should not be ignored, otherwise, water coming from the
roof if not properly diverted might create problems like:
1. Settlement of the structure cause by erosion or washing away the soil from the
foundation.
2. Subjecting the basement floor and walls to unnecessary ground water pressure and
possible leakage.
3. Rundown water may create walls and windows leakage.
4. Water may spill on people passing by or approaching entry door.
5. Erode the surrounding grounds and cause disfiguring of the landscape areas.
The disposal of storm water has become a major concern of the local and national
government. Large amount of appropriation is regularly incorporated in the annual
budget for drainage purposes. Among the government’s priority program on
infrastructure, is towards flood control. The trend is to provide a storm sewer line, to
serve not only residential house in disposing off storm water. Laws and ordinances
were passed making the connections of storm drain to the storm sewer line compulsory.
Splash Pan is a collector of water coming down from the downspout leading the
accumulated water away from the house at a relatively low rate of flow.
Classification of Storm Drain
Storm Darin is classified into three types.
1. The Inside Storm Drian
2. Outside Storm Drain
3. Overhead Storm Drain
The inside storm drain is sometimes located under the basement floor or within the
walls of the building. This type of storm drain is commonly found in buildings
constructed along congested business district, or building the occupies the entire
frontage of the lot. The drainpipe is lain under the floor or walls of the structure. For
large building, storm drain is laid in two or more lines to convey not only the water
coming from the roof, but also those waters accumulated from the inside court or open
areas towards the street gutter or public storm drain.
The outside storm drain is installed outside the foundation wall of the building. This
type of drainage is possible on location where the lot is not totally occupied by the
building.
The overhead storm drain is adopted when the street drainage is higher in elevation
than the basement floor of the building. The purpose is to avail of the gravity flow of
water. The pipe is well fitted and suspended inside the ceiling by suitable hangers
spaced at closer intervals.
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DISCUSSION
Your answer will be rated using the rubric below
1. What are the three classifications of storm drain? Explain the difference in terms of
location and function.
2. How to determine the sizes of the storm drain?
3. How the size of storm drain affects the function of the drain?
4. Discuss the importance of the storm drain.
5. Agree or disagree to the following statements and justify your answer.
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1. The disposal of storm water has become a major concern of the local and
national government.
2. As a general rule, storm drain in not permitted to discharge into a septic tank
or to the main sewer system.
3. The use of improper fittings and short offsets that will affect the flow of water
must be avoided.
INFORMATION SHEET 10
Learning objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
1. Identify and discuss two classification of water sealed P-trap
2. Discuss the national plumbing code on P-trap installation
3. Discuss the three classifications of fixtures
to human health. The physical and chemical properties of the many gases found in the
sewage system are known, and their effect to human body is sometimes serious.
In 1856, when the first patented trap in the United States was innovated,
manufacturers offered various forms and design to the plumbing industry. Test of these
traps showed that, the most practical form ever developed is the P-trap. Originally, this
P-trap was called Gooseneck at tributed to its form like the neck of a goose.
Analyzing the mechanical function of the P-trap, it appears that the only
separation between the unhealthy gases in the sanitary drainage system, and the air
inside the room is the water caught in the trap every after discharge of the fixture.
The column of water that is retained between the overflow and the dip of the
trap is called Trap Seal or sometimes referred to as Water Seal.
The common seal p-trap has 5 centimeters deep water seal between the overflow and
the dip, that will offer resistance against abnormal conditions, only to the amount of
pressure a 5 centimeters water will develop.
The deep seal p-trap has from 7.5 to 10 centimeters column of liquid content between
the overflow and the dip. This trap may be used under normal condition, but it is
purposely designed for abnormal situations such as:
One advantage of the deep seal over the common seal is its greater re-sealing
quality. Re-seal is a term used to the scientific principle that water at rest tends to seek
a level and maintain it.
When the liquid content of a deep seal is disturbed, the water tends to level itself
sufficiently to seal the trap even partially. Meaning, because of the considerable height
of the water seal up to 10 centimeters deep, even if disturbed by flushing from the
fixture discharge, by partial resealing up to 50%, the trap seal is still maintained.
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The P-trap is the most common and practical shape available in various sizes
from 32 mm to 50 mm diameter. These are common sizes for fixtures that are
suspended from walls or supported on a pedestal such as:
1. Lavatories
2. Sinks
4. Urinals
5. Drinking fountain
These are various forms of water sealed trap that could be used to serve plumbing
fixtures. But among these various types, some are classified as Permissible trap while
others are identified as Objectionable traps.
1. The p-trap
1. Stand trap
2. Brass trap
1. All traps shall be self-cleaning. That is, capable on being completely flushed each time
the trap operates and no sediments will remain inside to decompose.
2. P-trap shall be installed as near the fixture as practical not to require too long vertical
leg between the trap and the fixture proper.
3. Short vertical leg eliminates high velocity of water discharge that creates siphon, the
major cause of trap seal loss.
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5. All traps are subject to stoppage, hence shall be provided with cleanout so designed
that could be assembled and disassembled with little efforts.
6. Long run horizontal pipe could be used only near the drain f the floor area or yard. It
is also called Running trap not provided with hand-hole cleanout.
7. The dip portion on the trap shall be as short as possible to avoid retarded flow of
water. Likewise, the horizontal leg connection to the waste pipe shall be reasonably
short for effective ventilation. Content 5
8. Overflow pipe from fixture shall be connected to Organization 3
the inlet side of the trap. Grammar 2
9. Each fixture shall have its own trap. The following Total 10
fixtures are exception to the rule.
SELF-CHECK-10
DISCUSSION
Your answer will be rated using the rubric below
1. Using a Venn diagram, discuss the two classifications of water sealed p-trap.
2. In the national plumbing code of the Philippines, number 9, explain the three fixtures
that are exempted in the national plumbing code. What makes them exempted? Discuss
its characteristics.
3. Agree or disagree to the following statements and justify your answer.
1. The basic function of the trap in a drainage system is to prevent those
objectionable gases from entering the plumbing system.
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INFORMATION SHEET 11
PLUMBING VENTILATON
Learning objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
1. Identify and discuss the general conditions in installing the main soil and
waste ventilation
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The National Plumbing Code on extension of soil or waste stack to the roof provides
that:
All roof extensions of soil or waste stack shall run full size at least 30 centimeters above
the roof and when the roof is used for other purposes than weather protection, such
extension shall not be less than 2.00 meters above the roof…the roof terminal of any stack
or vent, if within 3.00meters of any door, window, scuttle, or air shaft shall extend at least
1.00 meters above the same.
Content 5
Organization 3
Open this site for your guide:
Grammar 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ffV8HYjj09w
Total 10
SELF-CHECK-11
DISCUSSION
Your answer will be rated using the rubric below
1. Discuss the general conditions in installing the main soil and waste ventilation.
2. Discuss main soil and waste ventilation.
3. Explain the National Plumbing Code on extension of soil or waste stack to the roof.
3. Agree or disagree to the following statements and justify your answer.
1. Plumbing during that early period was not yet considered a scientific industry.
2. Plumbing science is one of the most important, and yet was not seriously
regarded by most average plumbing mechanics.
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INFORMATION SHEET 12
PLUMBING FIXTURES
Learning objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
1. Identify and discuss the different plumbing fixture
Quality is always associated with cost. But cost of this particular construction
item is always considered a good investment. Comparatively, cheaper fixtures wear out
faster than that cost higher but last for years.
Water closet
By definition, water closet is a plumbing
fixture used to convey organic body waste to
the plumbing. Water closet is classified
according to:
1. design
2. quality
3. shape
4. color
Lavatories
Bathtub
Bathing as an activity, is becoming
gregarious. Bathtub which are large enough to
accommodate couple bathing together is flooding
the market. Even the traditional one-person bath
tub is equipped with seats, shelves for soap and
shampoo not to mention the non-skid safety
surfaces which had never been offered before.
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The size of the tub, its form and design had been greatly improved, including the color
to suit the taste of the users. The lightest bathtub introduce in the market is the
Fiberglass tubs. Although it is not as durable as the porcelain, it is also easier to clean
and maintain. The surface is coated smoothly with attractive gel.
Urinals
Kitchen sink
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Content 5
Organization 3
Grammar 2
Total 10
SELF-CHECK-12
DISCUSSION
Your answer will be rated using the rubric below
1. What are the different plumbing fixture? Discuss its function and importance.
2. Agree or disagree to the following statements and justify your answer.
1. Quality is always associated with cost.
2. Plumbing fixtures comes in various of style and accessories designed to match
with the room for cosmetic reasons.
3. Quality fixtures are expected designed and build to take a lot of abuse and yet
expected to last for years.
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POST-TEST
Multiple Choice
Directions: Read the following questions carefully and write the letter that
best describes the statement.
3. Metal with semi-rigid auger whose end is usually fitted with a hook or corkscrew is
called _______________________.
A. Plumber’s Snake C. Valve
B. Plunger D. Bushing
4. If your toilet has trouble, you use rubber funnel-shape instrument attached to the end
of the handle for unblocking. What is this tool?
A. Plumber’s Snake C. Plunger
B. Valve D. Bushing
5. Which plumbing tool is used for gripping large pipes and irregular objects?
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6. A plumber wants to create thread outside pipe by hand. Which tool is appropriate?
A. Pipe Cutter C. Yoke Vise
B. Pipe Threader D. Pipe Wrench
12. Which statement is NOT true about plumbing standards based on Republic Act 1378
which is known as Plumbing Law?
A. Each fixture directly connected to the drainage system shall be equipped with a
water-sealed trap.
B. Plumbing shall be designed and adjusted to use the maximum quantity of water
consistent with proper performance and cleaning.
C. Water closet must be located in a room which is proper lighted and ventilated>
D. No substance which will clog the pipes, produce explosive mixtures, destroy the pipes
or their joints or interfere unduly with the sewage disposal process shall be allowed to
enter the building drainage system.
13. A compartment that receives solid or liquid waste, located below the normal grade
of the gravity system is called________________.
A. Septic C. Trap
B. Sump D. Interceptor
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15. Water that is safe for drinking, cooking, and personal use is _______________.
A. Potable C. Clean
B. Purified D. Healthy
18. Rainwater from the roof down to the ground passes through what pipe?
A. Down Spout C. Gutter
B. Conductor D. Vent
20. If you install water inside the building, what is the diameter of pipes needed?
A. 4 inches C. 0.75 inch
B. 1 inch D. 0.5 inch
22. If your water system has leak, where can you shut off the flow of water?
A. Gate Valve C. Check Valve
B. Galvanized Valve D. PVC Pipes
23. A plumber wants to install a liquid seal to prevent sewer gasses from entering the
building. What device is needed?
A. Union C. Backflow Prevent
B. Trap D. Pump
24. A plumber wants to shut off the flow of water just 90 degrees turn. Which valve is
appropriate?
A. Gate Valve C. Check Valve
B. Globe Valve D. Angle Valve
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25. What do you call those flexible waterproof ribbon for covering threaded pipes joints
to prevent leakage?
A. Rubber Bond C. Teflon Tape
B. Masking Tape D. Tape
26. If the end of a PVC pipe a fitted with a male adopter, what fitting will be used to stop
the flow of the water?
A. Elbow C. Cap
B. Coupling D. Plug
28. If the end of a PVC pipe is fitted with a female adopter, what fitting will be used to
stop the flow of the water?
A. Elbow C. Cap
B. Coupling D. Plug
29. A plumber wants to connect two length of pipes. Which fitting is necessary?
A. Coupling C. Tee
B. Elbow D. Pipe Wrench
30. If there is leaking in the water supply of lavatory, sink, and water closet, which vale
are you going to shut off?
A. Gate Valve C. Check Valve
B. Globe Valve D. Angle Valve
31. I you install a soil pipe, what is the standard pitch or slope?
A. 5% C. 2%
B. 10% D. 1%
32. If you put source of potable water, what is the minimum safe distance from the
septic tank?
A. 15 meters C. 5 meters
B. 10 meters D. 20 meters
33. No cesspool, septic tank or drain fields shall be located within how many meters
radius from the wall?
A. 15 meters C. 50meters
B. 10 meters D. 45 meters
34. If you plan to drill for a well that can supply water for public use, what is the
minimum meter radius from a well to the residences?
A. 150meters C. 50meteres
B. 100meters D. 200meters
35. Every trap for bath tubs, lavatories, sink, and similar fixture shall be ______________.
A. Self-Regulation C. Fix
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B. Tight D. Self-Cleaning
36. There should be no concrete sanitary sewers existing within how many meters
radius from the well?
A. 15meters C. 50meters
B. 10meters D. 45meters
38. If you want to estimate the number of G.I. pipes needed from your house to the main
supply, what is the standard length of a G.I. pipe that you are going to use?
A. 20.0 m C. 3.0 m
B. 6 ft. D. 20 ft.
39. If you want to estimate the number of PVC pipes needed from your house to the
main supply, what is the standard length of a PVC pipe that you are going to use?
A. 20.0 m C. 3.0 m
B. 6 ft. D. 20 ft.
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REFERENCES
The national Plumbing Code of the Philippines
Rural Water Supply and Sanitation
Forest B Wright
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