The Battle of Badr was fought in the second Year of Hijrah on the

17th of Ramadan. In this Battle, 313 Muslims took part while the
opposition comprised of 1000 Quraishites led by Abu Jahal. The
Prophet himself commanded the troops into the Battle field. The crux
of this battle the fact that when Abu Sufyan situated his camp on the
territories of the Muslims, which was illegal according to the charter of
Madinah, the Muslims decided to intercept his caravan and take him as
captive. Thus, to procure protection, Abu Sufyan informed Abu Jahal
about the advance who set out with an army of 1000 armed warriors
with the intention of waging war. However, after the escape of Abu
Sufyan, and despite his protests for Abu Jahal to cease his advance for
battle, Abu Jahal didn’t pay adherence and still went to wage war due
to his jealousy for the Muslims because of their flourishment in
Madinah. One of the reasons from the side of the Muslims is
mentioned in Surah Baqarah, Verse 190: “Fight in the way of Allah
those who fight you but do not transgress. Indeed. Allah does not like
transgressors.” This Ayah is in accordance to the vision which Allah had
showed the Prophet in which he along with the believers was
enveloped in a battle against the non-believers.

One night before the commencement of the Battle, Allah

bestowed His mercy upon the believers by making it rain and providing
them a pacific sleep. The battle commenced the next day with the three
best warriors from both sides coming forth and combating. The
Muslims defeated each of their opponents thus, marking the initiation
of the Battle. Soon Allah’s mercy was bestowed and the opposition
started losing. Allah said in Surah Al-Anfaal, Verse 9: “[Remember]
when you asked help of your Lord, and He answered you, Indeed, I will
reinforce you with a thousand from the angels, following one another.”
Thus, prominent leaders of the Quraish got killed which included
Umayyah ibn Khalaf, Abu Jahl and Utbah ibn Rabi. Ergo, seventy pagans
were killed and seventy were taken as prisoners while only fourteen
Muslims got martyred. The consequences of the Battle were that the
Quraish started looking for revenge, the Muslims became a unified and
robust force in the eyes of the enemy, they revived their lost economy
and the Battle of Badr also shed some light of Nifaq (Hypocrisy).