During the first half of the 11th century, the

Liuticians participated in the Holy Roman

Empire's wars against Piast Poland.[80] The
alliance broke off when Poland was defeated,
[81]
 and the Liutician federation broke apart in
1057 during a civil war.[82] The Liutician capital
was destroyed by the Germans in 1068/69,
[83]
 making way for the subsequent eastward
expansion of their western neighbour,
the Obodrite state. In 1093, the Luticians,
[84]
 Pomeranians[84] and Rani[84] had to pay tribute
to Obodrite prince Henry.[85]
Timeline 600–1100[edit]

Stone ships at the site of an early medieval

Scandinavian settlement, Altes Lager
Menzlin near Anklam
 ~650–~850: Slavic peoples appear and
differentiate into several tribes grouped
as Polabian Veleti (later Liuticians, Lutizians)
in the West and Pomeranians in the East,[7][70]
[86]
 resettling the regions left by the Germanic
tribes
 since 800: various Scandinavian
settlements and tradeposts,
including Ralswiek, Altes Lager Menzlin,
and Wollin (then "Vineta" or "Jomsborg" of
the Jomsvikings).[8]
 918: western parts incorporated
into Northern March and March of the
Billungs (Duchy of Saxony, Holy Roman
Empire)[9]
 955: Battle of Recknitz ("Raxa"): Germans
and Rani suppress an Obodrite revolt in
the Billung march[87]
 In the 980s, a stronghold in Gdańsk was
built, probably by the Polish ruler Mieszko I,
who thereby connected the future Polish state
ruled by the Piast dynasty with the trade
routes of the Baltic Sea.
 983: uprising in the marches, Lutici regain
independence after forming the Lutici
federation[9]
 Mieszko I of Poland launches several
campaigns since the 960s,
acquiring Kołobrzeg[88]
 1000: Congress of
Gniezno constitutes Reinbern's Bishopric of
Kołobrzeg[89]
 1005: Pomerania regains independence[citation
needed]
, bishopric dissolved[10][need quotation to verify][12][need
quotation to verify][14][need quotation to verify][15][need quotation to verify][75][need quotation
to verify]

 1046: A Siemomysł, called

to Merseburg by king Henry III to conclude a
peace settlement, is the first documented
duke of Pomerania, though the extent and
location of his realm is unknown.[7][90]
 1056/57: The Lutici alliance breaks apart in
a civil war,[9] subsequent Obodrite eastward
expansion.[82]
 1067/68 and 1069: Saxon expeditions raid
and destroy Rethra, the
main Liutician stronghold and temple.[83]
 1093: Lutici,
[84]
 Pomeranians[84] and Rani[84] had to pay
tribute to Obodrite prince Henry.[85]

High Middle Ages[edit]

Cathedral, Kammin (Cammin, Kamien Pomorski),

see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kammin, set
up in 1140 in Wollin (Wolin)
Main article: Pomerania during the High Middle
Ages
In the early 12th
century, Obodrite, Polish, Saxon,
and Danish conquests resulted in vassalage
and Christianization of the formerly pagan and
independent Pomeranian tribes.[16][91][92][93] Local
dynasties ruled the Principality of
Rügen (House of Wizlaw), the Duchy of
Pomerania (House of Pomerania), the Lands of
Schlawe and Stolp (Ratiboride branch of the
House of Pomerania), and the duchies
in Pomerelia (Samborides).[91] Monasteries were
founded at Grobe, Kolbatz, Gramzow, and
Belbuck which supported Pomerania's
Christianization and advanced German
settlements.[94]
The dukes of Pomerania expanded their realm
into Circipania and Uckermark to the
Southwest, and competed with the Margraviate
of Brandenburg for territory and formal
overlordship over their duchies. Pomerania-
Demmin lost most of her territory and was
integrated into Pomerania-Stettin in the mid-
13th century. When the Ratiborides died out in
1223, competition arose for the Lands of
Schlawe and Stolp,[95] which changed hands
numerous times.
Throughout the High Middle Ages, a large influx
of German settlers and the introduction of
German law, custom, and Low
German language turned the area west of the
Oder into a German one (Ostsiedlung).
The Wends, who during the Early Middle
Ages had belonged to
the Slavic Rani, Lutician and Pomeranian tribes
, were assimilated by the German
Pomeranians. To the east of the Oder this
development occurred later; in the area from
Szczecin eastward, the number of German
settlers in the 12th century was still
insignificant. The Kashubians descendants
of Slavic Pomeranians, dominated many rural
areas in Pomerelia.
The conversion of
Pomerania to Christianity was achieved
primarily by the missionary efforts
of Absalon and Otto von Bamberg, by the
foundation of numerous monasteries, and by
the assimilatory power of the Christian
settlers. A Pomeranian diocese was set up
in Wolin, the see was later moved to Cammin.[96]
Timeline 1100–1300[edit]

Eldena Abbey, a favourite motif of Caspar David

Friedrich. Medieval Pomeranian monasteries,
owners of vast areas, ensured the conversion of
Pomerania and contributed to Ostsiedlung.

Monument of Swietopelk II the Great in Szeroka

Street in Gdańsk

Stralsund, one of several Hanseatic cities in

Pomerania. Brick Gothic was the typical medieval
architecture that can be seen throughout the region.

 1100: Unsuccessful siege of

the Obodrite capital Liubice by the Rani[97]
 1102–1121/2: Bolesław III
Wrymouth conquers Pomerania east of
the Oder and the burghs of Szczecin (Stettin)
and Wolin (Wollin, Jumne);[98] first known
 dukes of the House of Pomerania (West)
and Samborides (East)[18]
 1120s: Wartislaw I of the House of
Pomerania expands his duchy westward and
incorporates Liutician territory including
the County of
Gützkow, Wolgast, Circipania and Uckermark[
99]

 1123–1125: Obodrite prince Henry subdues
the Rani[84] Wartislaw accepted the superiority
of the Holy Roman Emperor and, with the
exception of the newly won territories, also
the superiority of the Polish duke.[100]
 1124/28: Otto of Bamberg's mission results
in the Conversion of
Pomerania to Christianity[16][92][101][102][103][104]
 1128: Rani forces assault and
destroy Obodrite Liubice[97][105]
 1135: Boleslaw accepts the superiority
of Holy Roman Emperor Lothair, who in turn
grants him Pomerania as a fief, including the
Oder area and the principality of Rügen which
had not been subjugated yet.[20]
 since 1138: Boleslaw dies, the Griffin
duchy regains independence from
the Piasts[100][106][need quotation to verify]
 1140: Diocese of Cammin set up, centred
at Wolin and subordinate directly to the Holy
See[18]
 1147: Wendish Crusade mounted by dukes
and bishops of the Holy Roman Empire,
Danish and Polish participation[20]
 1155: Partition of the Duchy of
Pomerania into Pomerania-Demmin and
Pomerania-Stettin[107]
 1164: Battle of Verchen, House of
Pomerania becomes vassals of Henry the
Lion's Duchy of Saxony[108][109]
 1168: Danish expedition led by Roskilde
archbishop Absalon takes the Principality of
Rügen, resulting in conversion
of the Rani who became Danish vassals[18][20]
[110]

 ~1170: first German settlements[111]

 1170s and early 1180s: various encounters
between Pomeranians and Danes. Danes
raid Circipania and Wolin.
 1181 House of Pomerania becomes vassal
of Barbarossa's Holy Roman Empire[110][112][113]
 1184: Pomeranian navy repelled and
destroyed by the Danes in the Bay of
Greifswald[113]
 1186: All Pomerania under Danish
control, Holy Roman Empire temporarily
renounces her claims[113][114]
 since 1220: Ostsiedlung. Existing towns
adopt German town law based on Lübeck
law, Magdeburg law or Kulm law), new ones
are established with these laws, woods and
swamps are cleared and settled, existing
villages are expanded and reorganized, new
villages are founded.[22]
 1227: Denmark is defeated in the Battle of
Bornhöved, Danish unable to keep
Pomerania thereafter[113][114]
 1231: Upon coming of age, the Margraves
of Brandenburg Johann I and Otto III receive
Pomerania from the Roman-German Emperor
Frederick II at Ravenna.
 1236: Treaty of Kremmen: Pomerania-
Demmin loses most of her territory to
the Margraviate of Brandenburg
 1250: Treaty of Landin: Pomerania-Stettin
able to incorporate remainder of Pomerania-
Stettin, but loses Uckermark
 since 1250: southern parts of Pomerania
lost to Brandenburg and become
northern Neumark[115]
 1223–1283: House of Pomerania, the
margraves of Brandenburg, the princes of
Rügen and
the Pomerelian Samborides compete for
the Lands of Schlawe and Stolp after
the Ratiborides branch of the House of
Pomerania became extinct[95]
 1283–1294: Lands of Schlawe and
Stolp part of Pomerelia[95]
 1295: Duchy of Pomerania partitioned in
Pomerania-Wolgast and Pomerania-Stettin[116]