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STD.
BS1 BS EN 1838-ENGL 1779 1b2LibbS 0797333 O 7 4 D
BRITISH STANDARD BS EN
1838:1999
BS 5266-7:1999
Lighting applications -
Emergency lighting
The European Standard EN 18381999 has the status of a

British Standard
ICs 91.160.10
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STD.BSI BS EN 1 8 3 8 - E N G L 1777 M 1b24bb9 07993L4 T Z U D
BS EN 18381999
National foreword
This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1838:1999. Together with
BS 52681:1999, it supersedes BS 52661:1983 which is withdrawn.
This standard gives details of the UK A deviations in annex B and should be read in
co~unction with BS 5261:1999.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee
C P W 9 , Emergency lighting, which has the responsibility to:
- aid enquirers to understand the text;

- present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the
interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed
- monitor related international and European developments and promulgate
them in the UK
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to

its secrehry.
Cross-references
The British Standards which implement international or European publications
referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the
section entitled “InternationalStandasds Correspondence Index”,or by using the
“Find”facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue.
A British Standard does not purport to include ail the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page,
pages 2 to 9 and a back cover.
The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document
was last issued.
direction of the Electrotechnicaì Amd. No. D& Comments

Sector Committee, was published
under the authority of the
Standards Committee and comes
into effect on 15 October 1999
O BSI 10-1999
ISBN O 680 32992 5

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S T D - B S I BS E N L838-ENGL L777 W 1b24bb7 0797315 9b7 II
EUROPEAN flmm EN 1838
NORME EUR0PEE”E
EUROPMSCHE NORM April 1999
ICs 91.160.10
English version
Lightmg applications - Eknergency lighting
Ecìaimgsme - Edairage de secours Angewandte Lichttechnik - Notbeleuchtung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 March 1999.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a
national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to
the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).
A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a
CEN member into its own language and notified to the Ceniml Secretanat has the
same status as the official versions.
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CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark Finiand, France, Germax Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
United Kingdom.
European Committee for Standadzation

Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee fur Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels
O 1999 CEN AU rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national
Members.
Ref. No. EN 1838:1999 E
Page 2
EN 18381999
Foreword Contents
This European Standard has been prepared by Page
Technical Committee CENíïC 169, Light and lighting,
Foreword 2
the Secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a Introduction 3
national standard, either by publication of an identical 1 Scope 3
text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 1999, 2 Normative references 3
and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by October 1999. 3 Definitions 4
According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, 4 Emergency escape lighting 4
the national standards organizations of the following 4.1 General 4
counlxies are bound to implement this European
Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark,
4.2 Escape route lighting 4
Finland, Fí-ance, Germany,Greece, Iceland, Ireland, 4.3 Open area (anti-panic) lighting 5
Im,Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, 4.4 High risk task area lighting 6
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
4.5 Standby lighting 6
It is intended to replace in part national standards
relating to emergency lighting luminous requirements. 5 Safety signs 6
It should be read in conjunction with the standards Annex A (nonnative) Luminance and
being produced by CENmC 169 WG7, Measurement illuminance measurements 7
and presentation of photometric data, and in Annex B (informative) Countries requiring
conjunction with prEN 50172 Emergency escupe different light levels 8
lighting systems.
Usem of this EN, prepared in the field of application of Annex C (informative) Bibliography 9
Article 118 A of the EC WaQ,should be aware that
standards have no formal legal relationship with
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Directives which may have been made under Article
118A of the lkeaty In addition, national legislation in
the Member states may contain more Stsingent
requirements than the minimum requirements of a
Directive based on Article 118 A. Information on the
relationship between the national legislation
implementing Directives based on Article 118 A and
this EN may be given in a national foreword of the
national standard implementing this EN.
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S T D * B S I BS EN Lö38-ENGL 3 9 9 9 W Lb2LibbS 0779337 737'
Page 3
EN 18381999
Introduction Viion varies from person to person, both in the

amount of light required to perceive an object clearly
Emergency lighting is provided for use when the and in the time taken to adapt to changes in the
supply to the normal lighting fails and is therefore illuminance. In general, older people need more light
powered from a source independent of that supplying and take a longer time to adapt to low illuminance on
the normal lighting. a hazard or escape route.
For the purposes of this standard emergency lighting is Much anxiety and confusion can be alleviated by
regarded as a generic term of which there are a strategically placed signs indicating the way out of a
number of specific forms, as shown in Figure 1. location. It is very important that exits are clearly
The requirements given in this standard are a minimum signposted and are visible, whenever the location is
for design purposes and are calculated for the full occupied.
rated duration period and end of design Me of the
equipment; the contribution to illumination by reflected
light is ignored. 1 Scope
The overall objective of emergency escape lighting is This standard specifies the luminous requirements for
to enable safe exit from a location in the event of emergency lighting systems instailed in premises or
failure of the normal supply locations where such systems are required. It is
principally applicable to locations where the public or
The objective of escape route lighting is to enable the workers have access.
safe exit from a location for occupants by providing
appropriate visual conditions and direction ñnding on
escape routes and in special locations, and to ensure 2 Normative references
that fire fighting and safety equipment can be readily This European Standard incorporates by dated or
located and used. undated reference, provisions from other publications.
The objective of open area (anti-panic) lighting is to These normative references are cited in the
reduce the likelihood of panic and to enable safe appropriate places in the text and the publications are
movement of occupants towards escape routes by listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent
providing appropriate visual conditions and direction amendments to or revisions of any of these
finding. The flow of light for escape routes or open publications apply to this European Standard only
areas should be downward to the working plane but when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For
illumination should also be provided to any obstruction undated references the latest edition of the publication
up to 2 m height above that plane. referred to applies.
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The objective of high risk task area lighting is to EN 605982-22, Luminaires - Part 2-22:PartzcUh.r
contribute to the safety of people involved in a requirements - Luminaires for emergency lighting.
potentially dangerous process or situation and to (IEC 605982-22:1997, modified)
enable proper shut down procedures to be carried out prEN 50172, Emergency escape lighting syslslems.
for the safety of other occupants of the location.
IS0 3864:1984, Safety colours a,nd safety signs.
There are emerging techniques that when applied to
escape routes in addition to conventional emergency IEC 50 - Chapter 845, Intemational Electrotechnical
lighting luminaires can enhance their effectiveness in V O C & U- ~ chap&
~~ 845: Lightiw.
an emergency. These techniques are not included in
this standard.
Escape route Open area lighting High risk task area

lighting lighting
Figure 1 - Specific forms of emergency lighting
O Institution on ERC Specs and Standards

COPYRIGHT 2003; British Standards BSI 10-1999 Document provided by IHS Licensee=Dumez GTM/5919881100, User=, 12/09/2003
Page 4
EN 18381999
3 Definitions 3.10
For the purposes of this standard the following externally illuminated safety sign
definitions apply a sign that is illuminated, when it is required, by an
3.1 external source
emergency lighting 3.11
lighting provided for use when the supply to the internally illuminated safety sign
normal lighting fails a sign that is illuminated, when it is required, by an
[IEC 50 - Chapter 8451 internal source
3.2
escape route
4 Emergency escape lighting
a route designated for escape in the event of an 4.1 General
emergency To provide visibility for evacuation purposes lighting is
required in the volume of the space. In this standard
3.3 the recommendation is W e d by the mounting of
emergency escape lighting luminaires at least 2 m above the floor. Signs which
that part of emergency lighting that provides are provided at aìì exits intended to be used in an
ilìumination for the safety of people leaving a location emergency and along escape routes shall be
or attempting to terminate a pokntiaüy dangerous illuminated to indicate unambiguously the route of
process before doing so escape to a point of safety.
3.4 Where direct sight of an emergency exit is not
escape route lighting possible, an dìuminated directional sign (or series of
that part of emergency escape lighting provided to signs) shall be provided to assist progression towards
ensure that the means of escape can be effectively the emergency exit.
identified and safely used when the location is An escape lighting luminaire complying with EN
occupied 605982-22 shall be sited to provide appropriate
illuminance near each exit door and at positions where
3.6 it is necessary to emphasize potential danger or safety
open area lighting equipment. The positions to be emphasized shall
(in some countries known as anti-panic lighting) include the following:
that part of emergency escape lighting provided to a) at each exit door intended to be used in an
avoid panic and provide illumination allowing people emergency;
to reach a place where an escape route can be b) near (see note) s t a k so that each fight of staiis
identified receives direct light;
3.6 c) near (see note) any other change in level;
high risk task area lighting d) mandatory emergency exits and safety signs;
that part of emergency escape lighting that provides e) at each change of àirection;
illumination for the safety of people involved in a f ) at each intersection of corridors;
potentially dangerous process or situation and to g) outside and near to each f i a l exit;
enable proper shut down procedures for the safety of h) near (see note) each first aid post;
the operator and other occupants of the premises i) near (see note) each piece of fire fighting
3.7 equipment and call point.
standby lighting Positions denoted as h) or i) if not on the escape route
that part of emergency lighting provided to enable nor in an open area shall be illuminated to 5 lx
normal activities to continue substantially unchanged minimum on the floor.
[IEC 50 - Chapter 8451 N0TE.T BO>For the purposes of this clause, "near" is normally
considered to be within 2 m measured horizontally.
3.8 4.2 Escape route lighting
emergency exit 4.2.1 For escape routes up to 2 m in width, the
a way out that is intended to be used during an horizontal illuminances on the floor along the centre
emergency line of an escape route shall be not less than 1 Ix and
3.9 the central band consisting of not less than half of the
safety sign width of the route shall be illuminated to a minimum
a sign which gives a general safety message, obtained of 50 % of that value.
N0TE.T 18>1 Wider escape routes can be treated as a number of
by a combination of colour and g e o m e ~ cshape and 2 m wide strips or be provided with open area (anti-panic)
which, by the addition of a graphic symbol or text, lighting.
gives a particular safety message N0TE.T 18>2 Countries requiring different lighting levels are
[IS0 3864:1984] given in annex B.
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S T D - B S I B S EN 3838-ENGL 1 9 9 9 m lb2Libb9 0799339 502 m
Page 5
EN 18381999
4.2.2 The ratio of the maximum to the minimum I 1
illuminance shall not be greater than 401 along the

centre line of the escape route.
4.2.3 Disability glare shall be kept low by limiting the
luminous intensity of the luminaires within the field of
view.
For level horizontal escape routes the luminous
intensity of the luminaires shall not exceed the values
in làble 1 within the zone 60" to 90"from the I
downward vertical at all angles of azimuth (see I ' Ø
Figure 2).
For all other escape routes and areas, the limiting
values shall not be exceeded at all angles (see
Figure 3).
NOTE High contrast between a luminaire and its background can 1 glare zone
produce glare. in escape route lighting the main problem will be
disability glare, in which the brightness of the luminaires can Figure 3
dazzle and prevent obstructions or signs being seen.
4.2.6 The emergency escape route lighting shall reach

50 % of the required iliuminance level within 5 s and
full required illuminance within 60 s.
Compliance with 4.2.1 to 4.2.4 and 4.2.6 can be
checked by measurement or by comparison with
authenticated daîa from a supplier.
4.3 Open area (anti-panic) lighting
4.3.1 The horizontal iliuminance shall be not less than
0,5 ix at the floor level of the empty core area which
excludes a border of 0,5 m of the perimeter of the
area
I 4.3.2 The ratio of the maximum to the minimum
anti-panic area lighting iüuminance shall not be greater
1 glare zone than 401.
Figure 2 4.3.3 Disability glare shall be kept low by limiting the
view. These shall not exceed the values in làble 1
4.2.4 In order to idente safety colours the minimum within the zone 60" to 90" from the downward vertical
value for the colour rendering index Ra from a lamp at all angles of azimuth (see Figure 2).
shall be 40. The luminaire shall not substanWy 4.3.4 in order to identify d e t y colours, the minimum
subtract from this. value for the colour rendering index Ra from a lamp
4.2.5 The minimum duration of the illumination of the shall be 40. The luminaire shall not substantially
emergency escape lighting allowed for escape purposes subtract from this.
shaU be 1 h. 4.3.5 The minimum duration allowed for escape
purposes shall be 1 h.
Table 1 - Disability glare limits

Mounting height above floor level h Escape route and open area High risk task area lighting maximum
(anti-panic) lighting maximum luminous intensity ,i
luminous intensity I,,
m cd cd
h < 2,5 500 1 O00

2,5 5 h < 3,O 900 1 800
3,O 5 h < 3,5 1 600 3 200
3,5 5 h < 4,O 2 500 5 O00
4,O Ih < 4,5 3 500 7 O00
h 2 4,5 5 O00 10 O00
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EN 18381999
4.3.6 The anti-panic area lighting shall reach 50 % of 5 Safety signs

the required illuminance within 5 s and full required
illuminance within 60 s. Safety signs for emergency escape and first aid signs
shall meet the following requirements.
N0TE.T PO>Attention is drawn to the requirement for the format
checked by measurement or by comparison with of the sign boards for safety signs specified in the Council
authenticated daîa from a supplier. Directive 92/58íEEC of 24 June 1992 on the minimum
4.4 High risk task area lighting requirements for provision of safety and/or health signs at work.
4.4.1 In areas of high risk the maintained illuminance 6.1 Safety signs shall be illuminated to at least 50 % of
on the reference plane shall be not less than 10 % of the required luminance w i t h 5 s and full required
the required maintained illuminance for that task, luminance withii 60 s.
however it shall be not less than 15 lx. It shall be free 6.2 The colours shall conform to the requirements of
of harmful stroboscopic effects. IS0 3864.
4.4.2 The uniformity of the high risk task area lighting
6.3 The luminance of any area of safety colour of the
illuminance shall be not less than 0,l.
sign shall be at least 2 cam2 in all relevant viewing
4.4.3 Disability glare shall be kept low by limiting the directions (see annex A).
view. These shall not exceed the values in Table 1 6.4 The ratio of the maximum to the minimum
within the zone 60" to 90" from the downward vertical luminance within either white or the safety colour shall
at all angles of azimuth. be not greater than 101.
N0TE.T 2O>High variation of a x e n t points should be avoided.
4.4.4 In order to identa safety colours, the minimum
value for the colour rendering index Ra of a lamp shall 6.6 The ratio of the luminance LWhite to the luminance
be 40. The luminaire shall not substantially subtract Lcolourshall be not less than 5 1 and not greater than
from this. 151 (see annex A).
4.4.6 The minimum duration shall be the period for 6.6 A s an internally i l l w e d sign is discernible at a
which the risk exists to people. greater distance than an externally illuminated sign of
4.4.6 High risk task area lighting shall provide the full the same size the maximum viewing distance (see
required illuminance permanently or within 0,5 s Figure 4) shall be determined by use of the following
depending upon application. equation:
checked by measurement or by comparison with d=sXp (1)
authenticated data from a supplier. where
4.6 Standby lighting d is the viewing chstance;
When standby lighting is used for emergency escape p is the height of the pictogram;
lighting purposes it shall comply with the relevant s is a constant: 100 for externally illuminated
requirements of this standard. signs; 200 for internally illuminated signs.
Where a standby lighting level lower than the minimum
normal lighting is employed, the lighting is to be used
oniy to shut down or terminate processes.
Figure 4 - Viewing distance
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O BSI 10-1999
Page 7
EN 18381999
Annex A (normative)
Luminance and iUuminance
measurements
A.l Luminance measurements of signs
Luminances are measured normal to the surface over a
10 mm diameter patch for each coloured surface of the
sign. The minimum and maximum luminance is
measured over the areas of each colour. For the
coloured background a 10 mm wide outer border is
excluded from the measurements. In order to
determine the luminance ratio between two acljacent
colours the luminance measurement should be taken at
a &stance of 15 mm on either side of the junction of
the two colours. A search shall be made for the
maximum and minimum ratios. If the area of colour is
less than 30 mm the patch size shall be reduced.
For safety signs with a shortest side less than 100 mm
the diameter of the patch size and the width of the
excluded border shall be reduced to not less than 10 %
of that shortest side.
A.2 Instrumentation for site measurement
All illuminance measurements shall be made with a
cosine photopic V(A) - corrected meter and all
luminance measurements shall be made with a
photopic V(A)- corrected meter.
The meter shall have an error tolerance not exceeding
10 %.
The measurement may be taken up to 20 mm height
above the floor.
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Figure A . l - %pical example of measurement positions
O BSI 10-1999
STD-BSI BS EN 1838-ENGL 1979 El lb2Libb7 0799322 OT7
Page 8
EN 18381999
Annex B (informative) Clause Deviation
Countries requiring different light levels United Kingdom (SI No. 1065, SI No.
2179, SI No. 1709)
Adeviation: National deviation due to regulations, the
BS 52661:1988 “Emergency Lighting“.
alteration of which is for the time being outside the
Clause 4.2.1 Defined escape routes:The
competence of the CENKENELEC member.
horizontal illuminance at floor level on the
This European Standard does not fall under any centre line of a defined escape route
Directive of the EC. should be not less than 0,2 lx. In addition
In the relevant CENICENELEC countries these for escape routes up to 2 m wide 50 % of
Adeviaíions are valid instead of the provisions of the the route width should be lit to a
European Standard untii they have been removed. minimum of 0,l Ur. Wider escape routes
can be treated as a number of 2 m wide
Ciause Deviation bands.
1 France’) 4.2.614.3.6 Germany (0 7 Abs. 4 der
Certified products are mandatory with Arbeitsstätknverordnung und der
defined performances. Illuminance and Arbeitsstätten-Richtlinie ASR 714)
luminance design principles are not used. The period between the failure of the
4 Italy21 normal lighting when the electric supply
fails and the reaching of the required
For cinemas, theatres and similar locations illuminance shall last not longer than 15 s.
the minimum dlwninance level measured
at l m above the floor shall be 5 ix in 4.2.6 Ireland (S.I. No. 497 of 1997)
proximity to the stairs and Exit doors. A I.S. 32171989 “Code of Practice for
minimum iliuminance of 2 Ur is required Emergency Lighting”.Ciause 4.2.6
along escape routes. Where defined Response t i m The emergency lighting
illuminance levels are required by law, specified in this code should be provided
they shall not be considered as design within 5 s of the failure of the normal
values but actual measured values lighting supply.
including reflectance and available when United Kingdom (SI No. 1065, SI No.
emergency lighting is required 2179, SI No. 1709)
4.1 France’) BS 52661:1988 “EmergencyLighting”.
g), h) and i) are not included in the Clause 4.2.6 Response time: The
French requirements. emergency lighting detailed in this code
should be provided within 5 s of the
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4.2 France’)
failure of the normal lighting supply, but at
On escape routes, certiñed emergency the discretion of the enforcing authority
luminaires must be installed with a this period can be extended to a
spacing of not more than 15 m (30 m in maximum of 15 s in premises likely to be
schools). occupied for the most part by persons
4.2.1 Ireland (S.I. No. 497 of 1997) who are familiar with them and the escape
routes.
IS. 32171989 “Code of Practice for
Emergency Lighting”. Clause 4.2.1 Defined
escape routes:The horizontal illuminance
at floor level on the centre line of a clearly
defined escape route shall be not less than
0,5 ix.
i) The deviations for Rance are based on the following national regulations:
Règlement de sécurité contre l’incendie dans les ERP, arrêté du 25 juin 1980 modifié, livre II, chapitre VIII, section III.
Arrêté du 10 novembre 1976 relatif aux circuits et installations de sécurité dans les établissements soumis au code du travail.
2, The deviation for Italy is based on the following national regulations:
Decree of the Ministry of the Interior dtd. 198602-01 (Garages).

Decree of the Ministry of the Interior dtd. 1988-01-11 (Underground).
Decree of the Ministry of the interior dtd. 1992-08-26 (Schools).
Decree of the Ministry of the Interior dtd. 1994-0409 (Hotels).
Decree of the Ministry of the Interior dtd. 199603-18 (Sports premises).
Decree of the Ministry of the Interior dtd. 1996-08-19 (Cinemas, theatres and public entertainment).
O BSI 10-1999
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I
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EN 18381999
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Clause Deviation Annex C (informative)

4.3 France3) Bibliography
Certified emergency lighting products must
provide 5 M m 2 of floor area To achieve prEN 12665,Lighting applicatwns -Bask terms and
adequate miformi@,the luminaires must critema f o r specifping lighting requirements.
be spaced less than 4 times their mounting prEN 12193,Lighting applications - Sports lighting.
height (with minimum two products in a CENtTC169IWG 6, Lighting applications - Funnel
room). lighting.
4.4 France3) prEN 13032-1,Lighting applica,tions - Measuremerzt
These categories are not included in the and presentation of photometric data of lamps and
French requirements which are risk based. luminaires -Part 1: Measurement.
6 France3) IS0 6309, Fire protection - Safety signs.
The French reguiation refers to the F’rench
Standard NF 08403 (or other European
counh-ies equivalent standards).
General France3)
The photometric approach with
illuminance is not used in buildings open
to the public and in work places.
United Kingdom (SI No. 1129,
SI No. 1125)
CP 10071955 ‘‘Maintained lighting for
cinemas”. Clause 322.
3) See footnote ‘1.
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STD.BSI B S EN 1838-ENGL 1 9 9 9 m! 1b24bb7 0799324 9 7 T E
BS EN
1838:1999
BS 5266-7~1999
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STD.

BS1 BS EN 1838-ENGL 1779 1b2LibbS 0797333 O 7 4 D

The European Standard EN 18381999 has the status of a

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

- aid enquirers to understand the text;

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to

direction of the Electrotechnicaì Amd. No. D& Comments

ISBN O 680 32992 5

Lightmg applications - Eknergency lighting

Ecìaimgsme - Edairage de secours Angewandte Lichttechnik - Notbeleuchtung

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 March 1999.

European Committee for Standadzation

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

Introduction Viion varies from person to person, both in the

Escape route Open area lighting High risk task area

O Institution on ERC Specs and Standards

4.2.2 The ratio of the maximum to the minimum I 1

illuminance shall not be greater than 401 along the

4.2.6 The emergency escape route lighting shall reach

Table 1 - Disability glare limits

h < 2,5 500 1 O00

4.3.6 The anti-panic area lighting shall reach 50 % of 5 Safety signs

Figure 4 - Viewing distance

Figure A . l - %pical example of measurement positions

Annex B (informative) Clause Deviation

Decree of the Ministry of the Interior dtd. 198602-01 (Garages).

Clause Deviation Annex C (informative)

3) See footnote ‘1.

COPYRIGHT 2003; British Standards 10-1999

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