ARI

ATE,
JAMESN. BSA3B. CHRI
STI
NAJAVI
ERBOLI
NTI
AM
GEN115READI
NGSI
NPHI
LIPPI
NEHI
STORY
ACTI
VITY1
1.Whati
sHi
stor
y?
 Hist
oryi sthe study ofpeople,acti
ons,decisions,i nt
eract
ions and
behavi
ors,anddisci
pli
nethatstudi
esthechronologicalrecordofevents
(asaff
ecti
nganat i
onorpeople),
basedonacrit
icalexami nat
ionofsource
materi
alsandusuall
ypresent
inganexpl
anat
ionoft heircauses.

2.Br
anchesofHi
stor
y.
 Thedisci
plineofhistoryconcernsi t
selfwit
ht hest udyandanalysi
sof
event
sinthepast.Nat i
onalhist
oryisimport
antsinceitall
owsustogaina
thor
oughunder st
andingofal lt
heev ent
sandpr ocessesofthepastthat
havecont
ributedtothemaki ngofthepresentsociety
.
 Her
ear
ethemaj
orbr
anchesofhi
stor
y:

 Pol
i
tical
Hist
ory
:Thehi
stor
yofpol
i
tical
syst
ems

 Soci
alHi
stor
y:Thehi
stor
yofpeopl
eandsoci
eti
es

 Economi cHi
stor
y:Thehi
stor
yoft
heeconomi
esandeconomi
c
processes

 Di
plomat
icHi
stor
y:Thehi
stor
yofi
nter
nat
ional
rel
ati
ons

 Ar
tHi
stor
y:Thehi
stor
yofv
ari
ousf
ormsofar
t

 FoodHi
stor
y:Thehi
stor
yoff
oodcui
sines

 Hi
stor
yofSci
enceandMedi
cine:
Thehi
stor
yofmedi
cal
sci
ence

 Cul
tur
alHi
stor
y:Thehi
stor
yofwor
ldcul
tur
es

 Women’
sHi
stor
y:Thehi
stor
yoff
emi
nism

 I
ntel
l
ect
ual
Hist
ory
:Theev
olut
ionofi
deasandf
amoust
hinker
s

 Env
ironment
alHist
ory
:Thehi
stor
yofournat
uralenv
ironmentand
i
tsdiver
secomponent
s
3.Ki
ndsofHi
stor
y.
 Histor
iansl
ookatt heevent
soft hepastthroughsever
aldi
ffer
entlenses
i
nor dertogainalt
ernat
eperspectivesonthehist
ori
ceventsthatl
eadt o
thepresentday.Thewor kfr
om t heseparat
edisci
pli
nesiscombinedt o
giveacompletepi
ctureofhumanhi stor
y.
 Her
ear
ethemaj
orki
ndsofhi
stor
y:

 Mil
it
aryhist
ory:Isthestudyofexami
ningt
hepastoft
hewor
ld
t
hroughthelensofarmedcombat
.

 Poli
ti
calHi
stor
y:Thisfi
eldofstudyl
ooksatt hedevelopmentof
ever
ythi
ngfr
om local
gov
ernmenttoi
nter
nat
ionalr
elat
ions.

 Socialhi
stor
y:Isamet
hodofl
ooki
ngatsoci
etyi
nal
lit
sfor
ms
thr
oughouthist
ory
.

 Reli
gious hi
stor
y:Exami
nes how globalrel
igi
ons hav
e shaped
eventsint
heporti
onsoft
heworldwheretheywerepr
eval
ent
.

4.Sour
cesofHi
stor
y.
 Hi
stor
iansandot
herschol
arscl
assi
fysour
cesaspr
imar
yorsecondar
y.

 Primar y sources include document s orar ti

fact
s created by a
witness t o orpar ti
cipanti n an ev ent. Theycan be f i
rst
hand
testimonyorev i
dencecr eat eddur ingthet i
meper i
odthaty ouare
study ing.I tmayi ncludedi aries,lett
ers,int
ervi
ews,oralhistori
es,
phot ogr aphs,newspaperar ticles,governmentdocument s,poems,
nov els,pl ays,andmusi c. Thecol l
ecti
onandanal ysi
sofpr i
mar y
sour cesi scentraltohistorical research.

 Secondarysourcesanal yzeaschol arl

yquestion and oft
en use
pri
marysourcesasev i
dence.Iti
ncludebooksandar ti
clesabouta
topi
c. Theymayi ncludel i
stsofsources,i.
e.bibl
i
ographies,that
mayleady out
oot herpri
mar yorsecondarysour
ces.
5.Whydoweneedt
ost
udyhi
stor
y?
 Studyinghist
oryhel
psusunderst
andandgrappl
ewi t
hcomplexquesti
ons
anddi lemmasbyex ami
ninghow thepasthasshaped(andcont
inuesto
shape)gl obal
,nati
onal
,and l
ocalrel
ati
onshi
psbet weensoci
eti
esand
people.
 Her
ear
esomer
easonswhydoweneedt
ost
udyhi
stor
y:

 ThePastTeachesUsAboutt
hePr
esent

 Hist
oryBui
l
dsEmpat
hyThr
oughSt
udy
ingt
heLi
vesandSt
ruggl
es
ofOther
s

 Hi
stor
yCanBeI
ntensel
yPer
sonal

 “
Doi
ng”Hi
stor
yisLi
keCompl
eti
ngaPuzzl
eorSol
vi
ngaMy
ster
y

 Ev
ery
thi
ngHasaHi
stor
y

6.Whati
syourcont
ri
but
ionasi
ndi
vi
dual
inhi
stor
y?
 Learningabouthi storycanbeagr eatdealoff un.Histor
yisfullofsomeof
themosti nt
eresti
ngandf ascinat i
ngst or
iesev ertol
d,incl
udingpirates,
treasure,my ster
ies,andadv entures.Onar egularbasisnewst ori
esf r
om
the pastkeep emer ging tot he mai nst
ream.As a st udent,we can
contributeasl earni
ngi tei
therpr imaryorsecondar ysourcessot hatwe
canpassi ttotheothergener at
ionsbyexplai ni
ngt othem howi mportantit
i
st ost udyahi st
ory.