DEVNET-3612

Coding 2002 - Useful Python

Libraries, Frameworks, and
Features to Master

Matthew DeNapoli – DevNet Developer Evangelist

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© 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Agenda

• Introduction
• HTTP Calls with Requests
• YANG Model Data with NETCONF and ncclient
• Logging and Error Handling
• Web Frameworks (Flask)
• Conclusion
Access Different APIs Easily
• REST APIs – requests
• pip install requests
import requests

• NETCONF – ncclient
• pip install ncclient
import ncclient

• Network CLI – netmiko

• pip install netmiko
import netmiko

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HTTP Calls
Make HTTP Calls with Ease using requests
• Full HTTP Client
• Simplifies authentication, headers,
and response tracking
• Great for REST API calls, or any
HTTP request

http://docs.python-requests.org

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YANG Model Data
YANG Model Data with NETCONF and ncclient
• Full NETCONF Manager (ie client)
implementation in Python
• See later presentation on NETCONF
details
• Handles all details including
authentication, RPC, and operations
• Deals in raw XML

https://ncclient.readthedocs.io netprog_basics/programming_fundamentals/python_part_3/api_ncclient_example.py

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CLI access
For When CLI is the Only Option – netmiko
• If no other API is available…
• Builds on paramiko library for SSH
connectivity
• Support for a range of vendors
network devices and operating
systems
• Send and receive clear text
• Post processing of data will be key

https://github.com/ktbyers/netmiko

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Error Handling and Logging
Error Handling – Try/Except

device_list=[]
try:
resp = requests.get(post_url,headers=headers,params="",verify = False)
response_json = resp.json()
print ("Status: ",resp.status_code)
except:
print ("Something wrong with GET /host request!")

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Python Logging # Import the logging module
import logging
• DEBUG # Specify to log to a file, specify the format for the message and the date format and the logging level
logging.basicConfig(filename='mylog.log',format='%(asctime)s %(levelname)s:
• INFO %(message)s',datefmt='%m/%d/%Y %I:%M:%S %p', level=logging.DEBUG)

• WARNING # Log some messages

logging.debug('This is a debug message. You should see this in the file.')
logging.info('This is an info message. You should see this in the file.')
• ERROR logging.warning('This is a warning message. You should see this in the file.')

• CRITICAL Result:
01/10/2018 01:14:15 PM DEBUG: This is a debug message. You should see this in the file.
01/10/2018 01:14:15 PM INFO: This is an info message. You should see this in the file.
• Push to Console 01/10/2018 01:14:15 PM WARNING: This is a warning message. You should see this in the file.

• Push to File

https://github.com/ktbyers/netmiko

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Error Handling and Logging Together

...
try:
resp = requests.get(post_url,headers=headers,params="",verify = False)
response_json = resp.json()
logging.info("Status: ",resp.status_code)
except:
logging.error("Something wrong with GET /host request!")

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Python Web Frameworks
Some Python Web Frameworks

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What do they do for us?

• URL routing
• HTML, XML, JSON, and other output format
templating
• Database manipulation
• Security against Cross-site request forgery (CSRF)
and other attacks
• Session storage and retrieval

https://www.fullstackpython.com/web-frameworks.html
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 A Flask example – Key elements

Website ”routes” defined using decorator

@app.route('/go', methods=['GET'])
def get_go():
return render_template('index.html',**locals())
HTML served from “/templates” and
resources from “/static”

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Demo
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How
1. Find this session in the Cisco Live Mobile App
2. Click “Join the Discussion”
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© 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Got more questions? Come find me!
mdenaol@cisco.com
@denapom11
http://github.com/denapom11

@CiscoDevNet
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Thank you