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The Robots Are Coming! The End is Near! p.

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COMMUNICATIONS & TECHNOLOGY
NOVEMBER 2019
ANTENNA MATCHING
ACCESSORIES
High Power Desktop

Balun/Unun Icom Zero Power - Go Box Ready!

• RU 1:1 UNUN
• RU 4:1 UNUN
• RU 9:1 UNUN
• RBA 4:1 BALUN
• RBA 1:1 BALUN
• 200W SSB

Yaesu

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BALUNS & UNUNS
Not sure which balun or unun is right for your antenna? See our handy chart
below to help you determine which is the best fit for your set-up. All LDG
baluns and ununs handle up to 200 Watts PEP and cover frequencies from
1.8 to 30MHz. Visit us at www.ldgelectronics.com or see your favorite dealer
today to learn more and to see our full line of products.
 HD
 
200 Watts PEP
1.8-30MHz

DIPOLE LADDER LINE/TWIN LEAD


Length = 468/freq

1:1 4:1
Balun Balun

Coax Coax

18' THRU 43' GROUND END FED WIRE


VERTICAL PLANE 30' - 135'

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CW Contest
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PY2NY...................................939,135 YT8A (YU1EA).......................250,782 Single Op 21 MHz QRP S57M ......................................54,720
WORLD DL9ZP ...................................839,120 YL2SW ..................................241,920 LZ2RS ...................................146,010 HB9CPS ..................................23,766
R7RAG ....................................20,280
Single Op All Band High Power Single Op 7 MHz Low Power Single Op All Band Low Power DL3VTL ...................................16,851
CN2CO (RA3CO) ..............20,221,548 Multi-Single High Power
LY8O ..................................2,237,132 Assisted PJ4G ................................16,247,484
8P5A (W2SC)...................13,501,559 RX9AF ................................1,923,662 P44W (W2GD) ...................6,539,580 Single Op 14 MHz QRP
VY2TT (K6LA) ..................13,415,685 LZ5R ................................15,384,110
LA2AB (LA7MFA) ...............1,651,320 5B/RN3QO (RN3QO) ..........5,910,736 9A2EY ...................................271,167
KP2M (KT3Y) ...................12,925,215 RL3A ................................15,203,640
UZ3A (UX1AA) ...................5,463,878 YU1NR ..................................170,748
TM6M (F8DBF).................12,408,240 E7DX ................................15,058,149
Single Op 3.5 MHz Low Power IQ8SN (IZ8FWN) ................4,699,552 OK1DSA ................................118,776
RU1A................................14,703,052
S53OQ...................................677,790 UT4LW ...............................4,542,174
Single Op 28 MHz High Power E73B......................................542,932 Single Op 7 MHz QRP
EW3M ...................................704,668 Multi-Single Low Power
YT7Z (YU7EE) .......................490,675 OM3ZWA...............................533,645 Single Op 28 MHz Low Power
IH9/IV3NVN...........................360,446 VP5M .................................7,679,145
C44C (5B4AHJ) .....................453,492 Assisted
OK6OK ..................................183,642 IB9T ...................................6,452,550
UA3EDQ ................................400,219 Single Op 1.8 MHz Low Power LZ1NG...................................475,923 DP7D..................................4,845,808
F1AKK ...................................107,365 RA6C.....................................281,710 Z3M....................................3,850,215
Single Op 21 MHz High Power Single Op 3.5 MHz QRP
UR5FIL ....................................55,577 UZ1WW.................................256,120 UR6EA................................3,245,177
PX2A (PY2LSM).................2,627,970 YT5YTT .................................303,360
OK1JOK...................................50,605
YTØZ (YU1ZZ)....................1,493,520 YL3FW ..................................104,200
Single Op 21 MHz Low Power Multi-Two
UN9GD ..................................768,852 UT7XX.....................................86,292
Single Op All Band High Power Assisted OM7M ..............................22,868,678
Assisted YO3FRI..................................252,504 KC1XX..............................20,687,370
Single Op 14 MHz High Power Single Op 1.8 MHz QRP
CR3DX (OM3RM).............17,993,820 UN7G ....................................243,000 K1LZ.................................20,399,578
RW7K.................................6,087,609 HA1TI ......................................36,360
EF8R (EA8RM) .................16,329,543 TM1W (F5HRY).....................112,980 LX7I .................................19,171,031
OH8X (OH6UM)..................5,518,896 S53AR.....................................35,464
VC2W (VA2WA) ...............10,813,284 P4ØX................................19,062,120
S57DX................................3,813,480 R2FI ........................................12,069
S53MM ............................10,266,508 Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
SN7Q (SP7GIQ)..................9,972,400 Assisted
Single Op 7 MHz High Power Single Op All Band QRP Assisted Multi-Multi
FY5KE (F6FVY) ...................3,673,638
EF3W (EA3CX) ...................5,546,827 IZ8JFL ................................1,753,180 P33W ...............................53,492,648
Single Op 28 MHz High Power RU4LM...............................1,071,315
EW8W ................................3,929,688 E74Y...................................1,479,075 CN3A................................48,733,405
Assisted K1KK (HK1A).........................980,229
NQ2F ..................................2,472,120 DH8BQA ................................690,801 RM5F .................................1,366,960 9A1A ................................30,067,992
LZ8R (LZ3BB) .......................549,134 HG72QRP (HA5MA) ..............791,090 LZ9W ...............................27,250,500
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power SBØA (SMØLPO)...................703,545 OZ5E ................................16,993,672
Single Op 3.5 MHz High Power LY5W ....................................491,530 Assisted
4O4A .....................................961,290
SP6OJE ..............................2,717,319 Single Op 28 MHz QRP Assisted Rookie
OMØWR ................................756,324 Single Op 21 MHz High Power G8X (G4FJK) ......................2,132,622 UW8SM.................................118,845 Single Op All Band High Power
R5WW...................................477,282 Assisted 9A7T (9A5MR) ...................1,995,888 ON9EEE...................................97,944 KN8U..................................2,329,164
9A5D (9A7Z) ......................1,509,700
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power YO8WW ..................................93,240 CJ7DZO (VE7DZO) .............2,241,195
RG7M.................................1,114,856
9A2AJ....................................258,934 Single Op 3.5 MHz Low Power UW7EA...............................1,526,676
OK5ZZ ...................................814,592 Single Op 21 MHz QRP Assisted
LY55BC (LY4T) .....................209,483 Assisted OT5K .....................................239,856
LY2NK...................................193,980 OL9R (OK6RA) ......................971,681 LZ6O (LZ3DX) .......................486,576 WZ1Y ....................................196,912
Single Op 14 MHz High Power HG3IPA ...................................99,072
3ZØX (SP5MXZ)....................946,008
Assisted G4MBC (G4BWP) ....................48,888
Single Op All Band Low Power S573G (S56M) ...................5,566,752 LZ33E (LZ5XQ) .....................758,030 Single Op 7 MHz High Power
CR6K (CT1ILT)...................5,820,416 NT2DR ..................................244,347
YT3X ..................................5,204,822 Single Op 14 MHz QRP Assisted
US2YW...............................5,309,073 Single Op 1.8 MHz Low Power
OMØM (OM3CGN) .............4,879,672 YL2BJ....................................258,780
MU2K (RL5D) ....................4,320,979 Assisted Single Op All Band Low Power
II3W (IK3QAR) ...................4,166,393 LY4ZZ (LY2BMX) ..................208,080 LZ8U (LZ2TU) .......................228,641 R9CX.....................................641,240
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
R8CT ..................................3,941,632 UW1U......................................31,707 LY2OU...................................159,120 NTØK.....................................605,085
Assisted
TMØR (F4DXW) .................7,116,948 GX4MBC (G4BWP)..................24,062 R1ZM ....................................548,142
Single Op 7 MHz QRP Assisted NG3A.....................................460,850
Single Op 28 MHz Low Power SN3A (SP3SLA) .................6,799,456 ON3DI ...................................583,193 R2PU.....................................349,272
RAØLQ/MM...........................653,976 SN2M (SP2XF)...................5,953,085 Single Op All Band QRP
OK2FD................................1,764,070 OK6K (OK5IM) ......................317,832
UA6AK...................................346,764
MM3AWD...........................1,178,268 HA4FY ...................................244,404 Single Op 21 MHz Low Power
UR7EN ..................................130,659 Single Op 3.5 MHz High Power
Assisted DF5RF ................................1,111,550 YD8UYJ.....................................5,984
Single Op 21 MHz Low Power HG8K (HA8GY)...................1,383,533 UR5FEO.................................815,500 Single Op 3.5 MHz QRP Assisted PY2XRP ....................................3,549
YT9W ....................................788,028 OL3Z (OK1HMP) ................1,345,024 UX2MF ..................................747,201 OL4W (OK1IF).......................314,404
9A3IH ....................................575,292 EU4E ..................................1,245,909 S51Z......................................191,722 Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
LZ9V......................................423,192 Single Op 28 MHz QRP EE3X (EA3KX) .......................186,904 IU1LCU..................................409,200
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power DJ2RG.....................................80,880
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power Assisted YO8BSE...................................18,120 Single Op 1.8 MHz QRP Assisted Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
SN5F .....................................951,160 HGØR (HAØNAR) ..................390,915 DL2TM ....................................15,504 OL1A .....................................103,115 YFØTUR ..................................20,956

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Tribander/Single Element DL5KUD ................................823,480 KM4FOC (WA1FCN) ..............743,142 N3HCN ..................................336,896 W7RN.................................3,490,032
Single Op All Band High Power S57X .....................................635,904 W2EG ....................................602,667 K8YE .......................................78,144 KU6W.................................2,522,208
R8TT ..................................7,350,112
YT6W .................................6,669,390 Single Op 3.5 MHz Low Power Single Op 3.5 MHz Low Power Single Op 7 MHz Low Power Rookie
EW5Z (EU1A) .....................6,404,262 OL9R (OK6RA) ......................971,681 K9UIY......................................47,064 Assisted Single Op All Band High Power
R4RR .................................5,861,106 3ZØX (SP5MXZ)....................946,008 K5CAO.....................................37,403 AA4NP...................................352,692 KN8U..................................2,329,164
RT9S ..................................5,528,299 S57KM ..................................722,250 KU1N.......................................16,200 WK9U....................................176,144 WZ1Y ....................................196,912
AE7AA ...................................124,146 WV4P ....................................127,308
Single Op 28 MHz High Power Single Op 1.8 MHz Low Power Single Op All Band High Power
LY5W ....................................491,530 S57M ......................................54,720 Single Op 3.5 MHz Low Power Single Op 7 MHz High Power
Assisted
S53V .....................................344,706 HA1TI ......................................36,360 NW7R (K1ZZ).....................8,460,807 Assisted NT2DR ..................................244,347
UA3RU ....................................89,414 YO2AQB ..................................20,181 K3TW ......................................55,062
KO7SS................................7,954,652
N3HEE.....................................54,944 Single Op All Band Low Power
WK1Q (K1MK @K1TTT) .....4,998,510
Single Op 21 MHz High Power AB1J........................................22,188 NTØK.....................................605,085
OK5ZZ ...................................814,592 UNITED STATES N3QE..................................4,709,420
K3WW................................4,160,007 NG3A.....................................460,850
LZ19ECC (LZ1CL) .................680,582 Single Op 1.8 MHz Low Power AI6PW...................................112,519
JA1BPA ...................................95,410 Single Op All Band High Power Assisted AAØO ......................................60,450
NN5J (N5DX @N2QV) ......10,905,128 Single Op 28 MHz High Power K1NZ .........................................2,232
Assisted K6BFL......................................52,080
Single Op 14 MHz High Power KQ2M .................................8,255,728
NY4A (N4AF)......................7,941,000 AA1K .........................................3,150 Single Op All Band QRP
IZ2FLX................................1,502,550 Tribander/Single Element
WC1M ................................7,426,729 N6SS.........................................2,508 N7IR......................................483,973
IO3X ...................................1,368,820 Single Op All Band High Power
AA3B ..................................7,339,068 W3IP .........................................2,091 W7YAQ..................................255,285
EU1DX...................................815,556 N3QE..................................4,709,420
W6QU (W8QZA) ....................185,484 K3MD .................................3,800,808
Single Op 7 MHz High Power Single Op 28 MHz High Power Single Op 21 MHz High Power W6JTI....................................164,475 N6AR..................................2,961,927
EW8W ................................3,929,688 NA4W (K4WI) .........................50,974 Assisted WN1GIV (N4BP).................2,959,704
I2IFT...................................3,087,377 K8IA ......................................110,170 Single Op 14 MHz QRP K3WJV ...............................2,916,724
KT4RR (W5MX) .................1,211,870 Single Op 21 MHz High Power N7BV.......................................14,924 WE6EZ ....................................53,464
K4OAQ ..................................441,322 NØLY.......................................32,805
Single Op 3.5 MHz High Power Single Op 14 MHz High Power Single Op 14 MHz High Power
EU4E ..................................1,245,909 Single Op 14 MHz High Power Assisted Single Op All Band QRP Assisted WZ7ZR (W7ZR).....................797,181
LY4G .....................................675,602 WIØWA (WØEWD) .............2,408,516 WW4R (N4ZZ)....................2,762,320 K8ZT......................................215,049 KM4HI...................................300,050
ES3VI ....................................521,066 WO2X (N2MM) ..................2,359,296 WB9Z .................................2,734,963 NE6M ......................................63,840 KD6X.......................................70,844
W4NZ .................................1,422,596 WØRIC (W4IX) ...................2,152,377 W4QO......................................57,200
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power Single Op 7 MHz High Power
HGØR (HAØNAR) ..................390,915 Single Op 7 MHz High Power Single Op 28 MHz QRP Assisted KT4RR (W5MX) .................1,211,870
NQ2F ..................................2,472,120 Single Op 7 MHz High Power
9A2AJ....................................258,934 K2GMY......................................1,050 N6MA .................................1,038,880
K5RX..................................1,521,450 Assisted
YT8A (YU1EA).......................250,782 K9OM .................................1,017,212
KT4RR (W5MX) .................1,211,870 AC5O (N8OO) .....................5,380,515 Single Op 7 MHz QRP Assisted
Single Op All Band Low Power W9PA .................................1,123,848 W4ER ........................................3,956 Single Op All Band Low Power
UT4LW ...............................4,542,174 Single Op 3.5 MHz High Power K9OM .................................1,017,212
NE9U..................................2,017,500
9A1AA ................................3,971,943 K7XC .......................................95,200 Multi-Single High Power N4ZR..................................1,114,958
UW7LL ...............................3,690,115 Single Op 3.5 MHz High Power NW1P...............................10,940,086 NU4E..................................1,070,399
YO3APJ..............................3,304,594 Single Op All Band Low Power Assisted N4WW................................7,867,320
PC3T ..................................3,111,922 KU1CW...............................3,345,120 W3NO....................................217,218 NU7Y..................................4,692,160 Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
NB4N (N9NB) .....................3,145,923 N9GB.......................................86,523 KU7T ..................................4,234,576 N5JJ......................................423,225
Single Op 28 MHz Low Power NA5NN (N4OGW) ...............3,002,060 ND9G ......................................67,894 KZ7X ..................................4,126,881
UZ1WW.................................256,120 N3HCN ..................................336,896
KQ1F (K1XM) .....................2,786,198
HG8C.....................................208,494 Single Op 3.5 MHz High Power NJ3K .....................................231,308
KS9K (N4TZ) ......................2,523,036 Multi-Single Low Power
R3LC .......................................82,490 Assisted W3LL .................................2,823,040
Single Op 28 MHz Low Power NM1JY ....................................11,999 Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
WE5P ....................................167,900
Single Op 21 MHz Low Power KN4Y.......................................31,623 W2EG ....................................602,667
W1FM....................................160,284
SF6W (SM6EWB) ..................112,992 Single Op All Band Low Power W2AAB..................................410,970
EF8P........................................98,260 Single Op 21 MHz Low Power Assisted Multi-Two K3JT......................................229,376
JF3BFS ....................................49,800 KZ5J........................................42,350 N3RS..................................4,095,774 KC1XX..............................20,687,370
NE9U..................................2,017,500 K1LZ.................................20,399,578 Single Op 3.5 MHz Low Power
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power Single Op 14 MHz Low Power N4XL ..................................1,657,435 K9CT ................................11,895,975 N3HEE.....................................54,944
DL9ZP ...................................839,120 WB4TDH ...............................589,050 N4ZR..................................1,114,958 KN7NV .............................10,387,104 AB1J........................................22,188
IZ8EFD ..................................732,780 N5JJ......................................423,225 NU4E..................................1,070,399 WF7T..................................8,480,675 WA7NWL ................................11,760
CE3AA (XQ4CW) ...................474,352 NJ3K .....................................231,308
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power Multi-Multi
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power Single Op 7 MHz Low Power Assisted NR4M...............................16,422,360
YU1A (YU1RA)...................1,203,930 KA1IS .................................1,397,400 K1KK (HK1A).........................980,229 NR6O .................................8,365,440

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If you’re looking for something new to spice up your hamming, KC9UL
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you should be able to find them even without the benefit of sunspots!

Chasing Special Event Stations


Can Be Fun!
BY CURTIS GIDDING,* KC9UL

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West Mountain Radio has collaborated with N8XJK


to bring back the popular TG Electronics Booster!

HIGH POWER
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RADIO
WEST MOUNTAIN Sales: (262)522-6500 EXT 35
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0RUHLQIRUPDWLRQLVDYDLODEOHYLDZZZNXVQFRP! westmountainradio.com/&4

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Noise … it’s a big problem for many of us, and it’s getting worse as
RF-generating “devices” become more commonplace. W6PUX shares his
story of his ongoing effort to track down the sources of S9+ noise across the
HF bands at his station, and wonders if the FCC’s rules on noise-generating
devices are tough enough.

Tracking Down Radio Noise at My QTH


(A Work in Progress)
BY RAY VINCENT,* W6PUX

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This year CQ is offering two
15-month calendars!
CQ Amateur Radio Operators’ Calendar
CQ’s Commemorative 75th Anniversary Calendar

CQ Amateur Radio Operators’ Calendar


Each year our calendar offers fifteen spectacular color images relating to
amateur radio: shacks and antennas from across the country, DXpeditions to
exotic places, and fellow hams enjoying the hobby. We’re sure you’ll agree this is
one of our best calendars to date!

CQ’s Commemoartive 75th Anniversary Calendar


Take a trip back in time with CQ’sCommemorative 75th Anniversary Calendar! This
special edition tracks major events in ham radio history through the pages of CQ.

Each of our 15 months covers a 5-year period from 1945-2020, with a specially-
selected CQcover, article and advertisement that track the progress of ham radio
activity and equipment during that time period. Old-timers will recall major events
and newer hams will get a better idea of how the hobby has gotten to where
it is today.

As in the past, both 15-month calendars (January 2020 through March 2021)
includes dates of important Ham Radio events, major contests and other
operating events, meteor showers, phases of the moon and other
astronomical information, plus important and popular holidays.

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CQ Communications, Inc.
Phone: 516-681-2922 • http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com
This case may seem similar to the reader as the “Case of the Five Orange
Pips” that was chronicled by Dr. Watson in 1887, but in name only…

Sherlock Investigates:
The Case of the Three Orange Pips
BY “SHERLOCK”*

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2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018
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Four years of CQ Amateur Radio
magazine—2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018—
are now available in easy-to-access PDF
format for you to read and refer to again
and again!
Buy a single year for only .........$35.95
Two years for ..............................$65.00
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All 4 Years for only
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ll 4 Shipping and Handling
Buy a 2.00 USA $3; CN/MX $5; All Other Countries $10
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Log Deadline: January 5, 2021

2019 Logs Due January 5th, 2020


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Secure online ordering at:
www.buddipole.com

BUDDIPOLE FEATURES
• Multi-band design works 9 bands
(40 meters thru 2 meters) with one set
of adjustable coils!
WHAT IS THE BUDDIPOLE?
• Rated from QRP to 250 watts PEP
THE BUDDIPOLE™ PORTABLE DIPOLE FITS
• Modular Design – create dozens of
IN YOUR TRAVEL BAG AND ASSEMBLES IN
different antennas with interchangeable
MINUTES. THE BUDDIPOLE IS MORE THAN parts
AN ANTENNA, IT’S A VERSATILE SYSTEM
FOR LAUNCHING YOUR SIGNAL. OPTIMIZED • Rotatable/Directional
FOR TRANSMIT POWER AND PROVEN • Lightweight, rugged components
FOR DX WORK, THE BUDDIPOLE IS THE
SECRET WEAPON USED BY HF PORTABLE • Rotating Arm Kit allows users to
OPERATORS ALL OVER THE WORLD. instantly change antenna configurations

• Used by Emergency Services Groups


throughout the world

MINI BUDDIPOLE ™

Same quality and performance as the


standard Buddipole in a more compact
package which easily fits inside a
daypack or small suitcase.

See our videos


tel: (503) 591 8001
www.youtube.com/buddipole info@buddipole.com fax: (503) 214 6802

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AWARDS
BY EDDIE DEYOUNG,* KS4AA

Lesser-Known CQ Awards to Chase


Challenges for the Beginner and the Old-Timer Alike

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is to reach the pinnacle of honor roll sta- made full-wave mini-square antenna OK, that’s a wrap for this month. Let’s
tus. This achievement has only been on a tripod and 100 watts. I’m not even keep the CQ awards management
reached by a few. So, why is it so hard a little-pistol, just a BB-gun. Looking team busy with your submissions and
to make the honor roll? Well, out the forward to meeting the local DXers and updates.
total of 324 squares, only 177 have award hunters in the area. Send me an – 73/88 and keep chasing those
active hams, some are on water and email. great CQ awards, Eddie, KS4AA
some are on permanent ice. Your place
on the honor roll is waiting for working
just 175. Go for it! Visit the CQ DX FIELD
AWARD link on the CQ AWARDS page
for all the details. Here is a hint for know-
ing instantly what square the station you
need or work is located: Use FT-8
mode!
Half award, half contest, the annual
CQ DX Marathon is probably the best-
known of the lesser known CQ awards
(Is that an oxymoron?) Every DXer
starts at 0 on January 1st every year.
During the year, you work as many
countries and zones as possible. You
get credit for working each zone and
country only once. This is a unique
award in that every legal ham band can
be used for credits. The maximum num-
ber you can earn is 40 zones plus all the
DXCC countries. The award period is
January 1st at 0000 UTC and finishes
December 31st at 2359 UTC. So, no
matter how long you have been chas-
ing DX, everyone starts fresh every
year. The 2020 DX Marathon rules are
elsewhere in this issue. Or, you may go
to the CQ DX MARATHON page for all
the rules and a lot more information.
Whether you are a little pistol or a big
gun, there is a category for you. Will we
see your call in next year’s totals?
One of the paragraphs from last
month’s column is worth repeating (I
promise not to repeat it again):  

  
There are so many aspects of award
chasing. My XYL asked me many times
why I spent so much time chasing them
(she was a ham years ago). A simple
reply has always been, “Because they 


 
are there!” (Pardon the pun). When you  
 
receive that final confirmation, your  


heartbeat increases, your happy hor-   
  
mone flow gets stronger. If you have

    
done it, then you know what I mean, but 
  "#!*

' 
 
if you haven’t, then it really is worth the 

   

+)!,  

effort! Paper awards are just the frost-    


  
ing on the cake. Then, seeing your call 
 

 
 ! )      !"#
in print is a nice bonus. You are then $%&#&'(
&
recognized by your peers in that great 



  
-.


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  ())& *# #
award hunter’s global family.  !"#!$% $%+ 
#&
& ''&()  - 

   *' 
# ,&
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We will have resettled in Clearwater,   0*11
  "#!$%
Florida by the time you read this col- 

umn, playing lawn bowls and operating !$



one of the ORB remote stations. Our
new QTH is in a new seniors’ apartment preciserf.com
complex, so no “attached” antennas on 13690 Wisteria Dr NE Aurora,
the small balcony. Just a small home- OR 97002 ph: (503) 915-2490

www.cq-amateur-radio.com November 2019 • CQ • 81


DX
BY BOB SCHENCK, N2OO

A Look Back: Pratas, BQ9P – 2003

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5291........YU1AB 3880 .........W3LL 2589.......DG7RO 1934 .........NKØS 1616 ..........TA1L 1301 ....KB9OWD 1074 ........WU9D 758 ..........N4JJS
5270 ........VE1YX 3821 .........N6QQ 2550..........K6ND 1930 .......K3CWF 1570........PY5VC 1301..........K1DX 1071........KC1UX 757........JP1KHY
5260.........I5RFD 3764 .......K9UQN 2528.........W6XK 1888......VA7CRZ 1568 ........N3AIU 1301 ........KM5VI 1069 ......IZ4MJP 757...........WB3D
5209 ..........N6JV 3739 ....WD9DZV 2508.....PA2TMS 1828 ..........K7LV 1524 ...NH6T/W4 1295 ..........NIØC 1032 .....DG5LAC 736 .......JA3MAT
5114........N8BJQ 3611 ........W2OO 2394 ..........AE5B 1824..........WF7T 1484........FG4NO 1280 .........WF1H 1023 ......N4WQH 718 ........KE4PLT

SSB
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5955........9A2NA 3108.........I4CSP 2508.....PA2TMS 2088..........N3RC 1587..........N3XX 1150.....VE6BMX 1000 ........N6MM 766..........I2VGW 647..........YB8NT
5989 ..........K2VV 3090 .....WA5VGI 2451......EA3GHZ 2076 ..........K2XF 1550.......IK2RPE 1146..........SQ7B 978..........EA7HY 763 ..........K4JKB 644........JH1APK
5155 ........VE1YX 3073 .........I3ZSX 2443......JN3SAC 2013 ..........NXØI 1442.......DG7RO 1124 .......K3CWF 957...........W9QL 758 .......IV3GOW 640 ..........UA9YF
4988 ..........KF2O 3064........N8BJQ 2362.........AG4W 1988 .....W4QNW 1386 ......IK4HPU 1112..........NH6T 947...........W6XK 724 ...........WF1H 637 .........K5WAF
4800 .........EA2IA 3062......DL8AAV 2335 ..........KG1E 1955........EA3NP 1383 .........NKØS 1098..........K4CN 934..........PY5VC 724 ...........W3TZ 630...........W6US
4410........I2MQP 2990........KF7RU 2326 ........CX6BZ 1935......SV1EOS 1371 ........VE6BF 1096......JA7HYS 931..........YB1AR 717.........KØDAN 624 .........K6KZM
3927 .......KØDEQ 2984.........KI7AO 2209 ......IK2QPR 1879.........K3IXD 1357.........HK3W 1089........IZ8FFA 929 ............NS3L 717..........N3JON 606 .........KJ4BIX
3681 .........N4NO 2936 .........N6QQ 2201..........NQ3A 1874 ....WD9DZV 1338 ...........NE6I 1089.......IT9ABN 919........KA5EYH 714 ........YB2TJV 604 .........GØBPK
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CW
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DIGITAL
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2636 .........W3LL 1790......JN3SAC 1426........AB1OC 1149 ..........W9IL 1021 .........NN1N 917 ............K7LV 811 ...........WF1H 681..........PY5VC 636........W9RPM
2558 ..........NT2A 1756 .......KØDEQ 1335 .......K3CWF 1129 .........NKØS 1009 ....GUØSUP 901.........W1FNB 810..........N3CAL 672..........K9AAN 611............KO9V
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2140 ....WD9DZV 1565..........N7ZO 1227......ES4RLH 1089 .......AC7JM 960..........KC1UX 855............R1AV 750 .......ON7MIC 655........JP1KHY
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REMOTE OPERATION
CW MIXED SSB DIGITAL
7277........K9QVB 4026 .........N1RR 2953 .........N1RR 671 ...........N1RR
3292 .........N1RR

 ‡ &4 ‡1RYHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH


MASTWERKS™ RTS 1500 SERIES ROTATIONAL TRIPOD & MAST SYSTEMS
FULL FEATURED LIGHTWEIGHT QUICK-DEPLOY UNIQUE HAND CRANK
MASTS AND TRIPODS FOR THE AMATEUR RADIO Rotates tripod nearly
COMMUNITY AND BEYOND. effortlessly. Automatically
locks into position. (Remote
AVAILABLE IN 3 controlled motor driven unit
ADJUSTABLE HEIGHTS available Fall 2019).
13’ 23’ 32’

PATENT-PENDING
MAST TUBE
Prevents rotation within
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BULLSEYE LEVEL LEVER LOCKS


Enables leveling Enable incredibly fast and
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ORDER NOW at www.buddipole.com www.mastwerks.com / 503.372.6474 / info@mastwerks.com

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 ‡ &4 ‡1RYHPEHU 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH


The KPA1500 was designed with

Power, Redefined. the serious operator in mind. Its


no-nonsense front panel shows all
important parameters at a glance, with a
high-contrast 32-character LCD and fast,

Make Waves With The New


bright LED bar graphs. Band switching
is instantaneous, via control inputs or
RF sensing. Protection and monitoring
Elecraft KPA1500 Amplifier circuitry is extensive and foolproof,
letting you focus on the job at hand —
breaking pileups and overcoming the
most difficult operating conditions.
And it wouldn’t be an Elecraft amp
without robust PIN-diode T/R switching.
Like our KPA500, the KPA1500 offers fast
QSK without a noisy relay.
The amplifier’s rugged internal ATU can
handle full power with load SWR up
to 3:1, while a wider matching range is
allowed at lower power, including up to
10:1 in standby mode.

KPA1500 Features
• 160-6 meters
• Very compact design -
4.5x13.5x11.5” HWD
• Fast, silent PIN diode T/R switching
• Built-in Antenna Tuner with dual
antenna jacks
Separate remote-controlled power supply • Compatible with nearly any
transceiver

For complete features and specifications, go to elecraft.com | sales@elecraft.com | 831-763-4211

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ADVERTISERS’ INDEX
NOVEMBER 2019

Advertiser Page Phone Website


100 Watts & A Wire ...............................29 .............................................www.100WATTSANDAWIRE.COM
Advanced Specialties Inc. ..................17 .........201-VHF-2067.............www.advancedspecialties.net
Air Boss — Innovative Tech. .................63 .........252-249-0287..............www.kr4loairboss.com
AlasKit.....................................................61 .........907-488-0483..............http://alaskit.co
Alinco .....................................................51 .........209-900-1296..............www.alinco.com
Amateur Radio Roundtable................43 .........901-570-2188..............www.W5KUB.com
Arlan.......................................................23 .........805-504-3944..............www.arlancommunications.com
Buddipole Antennas ............................55 .........503-591-8001..............www.buddipole.com
CQ Amateur Radio Calendars ...........35 .........516-681-2922..............http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com
CQ Holiday Gift Ideas.....................44-46 .........516-681-2922..............http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com
CW Easy/Success Easy.........................63 .........561-302-7731..............www.success-is-easy.com
Communications Concepts, Inc. .......49 .........937-426-8600..............www.communication-concepts.com
Cutting Edge Enterprises......................17 .........831-427-8197..............www.powerportstore.com
Dits and Dahs ......................................100 .........516-681-2922..............http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com
EZ Hang..................................................33 .........304-856-1026..............www.ezhang.com
Elecraft...................................................93 .........831-763-4211..............www.elecraft.com
Electric Radio Magazine......................63 .........720-924-0171..............www.ermag.com
HamTestOnline ......................................33 .........888-857-6164..............www.hamtestonline.com
Icom America Inc.................................19 .............................................www.icomamerica.com
International DX Association ...............49 .............................................www.indexa.org
KJI Electronics........................................33 .........973-571-1930..............www.kjielectronics.com
LDG...............................................Cov. II,1 .........410-586-2177..............www.ldgelectronics.com
Mastwerks ..............................................89 .........503-372-6474..............www.mastwerks.com
PowerPort ..............................................17 .........831-427-8197..............www.powerportstore.com
preciseRF ...............................................81 .........503-915-2490..............www.preciserf.com
QCWA ....................................................63 .........352-425-1097..............www.qcwa.org
RF Parts...................................................15 .........800-921-4834..............www.rtsystems.com
RT Systems...........................................9,41 .........800-921-4834..............www.rtsystems.com
REACT Int’l .............................................34 .........301-316-2900..............www.REACTintl.org
SwapMyRig............................................33 .........850-385-3769..............www.swapmyrigs.com
W2IHY Technologies .............................79 .........845-889-4253..............www.w2ihy.com
W5SWL .....................................................63 ..............................................www.W5SWL.com
W7DXX Remote ......................................79 ..............................................www.w7dxx.com
West Mountain Radio...........................21 .........262-522-6500..............www.westmountain.com/CQ1119
YLRL ........................................................61 .............................................www.ylrl.org
Yaesu ...................................6,7,11,Cov IV .........714-827-7600..............www.yaesu.com

/HW&4 KHOS\RXJHWWKHPRVWIRU\RXUDGYHUWLVLQJGROODU
Contact Dottie K, CQ’s Advertising Director
at 516-681-2922 x 106 or via email at ads@cq-amateur-radio.com
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