LESSON 1.

2 INTERMOLECULAR FORCE OF LIQUID

✔ Honey and maple syrup flows slowly (high viscosity)
- Forces we apply in a liquid.
✔ Water (low viscosity)

General Properties of Liquid

Surface Tension
- The property of liquid to resist an external force and
thus assume a lesser surface area.

- This is attributed to the strong attractive and cohesive

force between and among the molecules.
If the consistency is thick = high viscosity
- The surface of a liquid hinders a molecule to enter
from the solid form If the consistency is runny = low viscosity

✔ Water is stagnant and when you put an object that is Vapor Pressure
light (paperclip) it will still float.
- The pressure exerted by its vapor when in equilibrium
with its liquid or solid.

- When liquid or solid evaporates, the gas exerts a

pressure above the liquid.

- Vapor pressure = when the liquid reaches its

maximum o boiling point; can be encountered above
the liquid and not below.

Solid

The possibility of floating is unnecessary.

But if it is a light object, it will float.

There is an attractive molecular force on top but on the

inside it is spacious.

Boiling Point
Viscosity
- The temperature at which its vapor pressure is equal
- The resistance of a liquid to flow.
to the external or atmospheric pressure.
- The greater the intermolecular forces, the more
- Increasing the temperature of a liquid raises the
viscous the substance.
kinetic energy.
- The more intermolecular force the more increase in
✔ Lava has a possibility to stop because it is thick and
temperature.
can resist flow (high viscosity)

✔ Water in tsunami has a (high viscosity)

- Every liquid has a limit in temperature; when the limit
is met, it will be vaporized.
✔ Water and oil: oil will boil first because it has
components inside.
✔ When you heat water, it slowly attains boiling point
(kinetic energy spreads out); the molecule starts to
move and spread out to the entire liquid body.

✔ Water boiling is active and extreme; the kinetic energy

moves proportionally to the temperature.

Heat of Vaporization

- Molar Heat of Vaporization ( Δ H vap ¿ is the amount of

heat required to vaporize one mole of a substance at
its boiling point.

- When it reaches its maximum temperature, it starts to

boil.

- Energy: heat requirement.

- Temperature: gas of liquid to pace change.