AoPS Community 2019 India Regional Mathematical Olympiad

India Regional Mathematical Olympiad 2019

www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c989116
by Math-wiz, MathPassionForever, Purple Planet, Physicsknight, parmenides51, BOBTHEGR8

1 Suppose x is a non zero real number such that both x5 and 20x + 19
x are rational numbers.
Prove that x is a rational number.

2 Let ABC be a triangle with circumcircle Ω and let G be the centroid of triangle ABC. Extend
AG, BG and CG to meet the circle Ω again in A1 , B1 and C1 . Suppose ∠BAC = ∠A1 B1 C1 , ∠ABC =
∠A1 C1 B1 and ∠ACB = B1 A1 C1 . Prove that ABC and A1 B1 C1 are equilateral triangles.

3 Let a, b, c be positive real numbers such that a + b + c = 1. Prove that

a b c 1
+ 2 + 2 ≤
a2 3
+b +c3 3
b +a +c3 3
c +a +b3 5abc

4 Consider the following 3 × 2 array formed by using the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,

   
a11 a12 1 6
a21 a22  = 2 5 .
a31 a32 3 4

Observe that all row sums are equal, but the sum of the square of the squares is not the same
for each row. Extend the above array to a 3 × k array (aij )3×k for a suitable k, adding more
columns, using the numbers 7, 8, 9, . . . , 3k such that
k
X k
X k
X k
X k
X k
X
a1j = a2j = a3j and 2
(a1j ) = 2
(a2j ) = (a3j )2
j=1 j=1 j=1 j=1 j=1 j=1

5 In an acute angled triangle ABC, let H be the orthocenter, and let D, E, F be the feet of al-
titudes from A, B, C to the opposite sides, respectively. Let L, M, N be the midpoints of the
segments AH, EF, BC respectively. Let X, Y be the feet of altitudes from L, N on to the line
DF respectively. Prove that XM is perpendicular to M Y .

6 Suppose 91 distinct positive integers greater than 1 are given such that there are at least 456
pairs among them which are relatively prime. Show that one can find four integers a, b, c, d
among them such that gcd(a, b) = gcd(b, c) = gcd(c, d) = gcd(d, a) = 1.

– Maharashtra and Goa

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AoPS Community 2019 India Regional Mathematical Olympiad

1 For each n ∈ N let dn denote the gcd of n and (2019 − n).

Find value of d1 + d2 + · · · d2018 + d2019

2 Given a circle τ , let P be a point in its interior, and let l be a line through P . Construct with proof
using ruler and compass, all circles which pass through P , are tangent to τ and whose center
lies on line l.

3 Find all triples of non-negative real numbers (a, b, c) which satisfy the following set of equa-
tions
a2 + ab = c
b2 + bc = a
c2 + ca = b

4 Let a1 , a2 , · · · , a6 , a7 be seven positive integers. Let S be the set of all numbers of the form
a2i + a2j where 1 ≤ i < j ≤ 7.
Prove that there exist two elements of S which have the same remainder on dividing by 36.

5 There is a pack of 27 distinct cards, and each card has three values on it. The first value is
a shape from {∆, , }; the second value is a letter from {A, B, C}; and the third value is a
number from {1, 2, 3}.
In how many ways can we choose an unordered set of 3 cards from the pack, so that no two
of the chosen cards have two matching values.
For example we can chose {∆A1, ∆B2, C3}
But we cannot choose {∆A1, B2, ∆C1}

6 Let k be a positive real number. In the X − Y coordinate plane, let S be the set of all points
of the form (x, x2 + k) where x ∈ R. Let C be the set of all circles whose center lies in S, and
which are tangent to X-axis. Find the minimum value of k such that any two circles in C have
at least one point of intersection.

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