IS FIRST

WHAT
AI D?

NTSP: GROUP CAT

SALAMANGCA,DE ASIS, RAQUENIO, TERRADO, PECENIO,HAVERIA
FIRST AID :

IS AND IMMEDIATE CARE GIVEN TO

A PERSON WHO HAS BEEN INJURED
OR SUDDENLY TAKEN ILL. IT
INCLUDES SELF-HELP AND HOME
CARE IF MEDICAL ASSISTANCE IS
NOT AVAILABLE OR DELAYED.
 GOALS OF
FIRST AID

ALLEVIATE PREVENT FUTHER OR PRO LONG LIFE:

SUFFERING: INJURY OR DANGER
FIRST AID MEASURES AIM
ONE OF THE MAIN ALSO, SOMETIMES CALLED TO PRESERVE AND SUSTAIN
OBJECTIVES IS TO BE ABLE PREVENR THE CONDITION LIFE. ALSO, TO SAVE THE
TO HELP TO REDUCE OR FROM WORSENING OR VICTIM FROM IMMINENT
TOTALLY ALLEVIATE DANGER OF FURTHER DANGE
SUFFERING INJURY

CHARACTERISTICS OF
GOOD FIRST AIDER
a. gentle
b. observant
c. resourceful
d. tactful
e. sympathetic
f. empathetic
g. respectable
h. cheerful
i. ongoing education

 NSTP

Common illness
Presented by Group CAT
Common illness

Urinary tract infections

(UTIs)
common infections that can
affect the bladder, the
kidneys, and the tubes
connected to them.
 Risk Factors Symptoms
● A previous UTI Symptoms of a bladder infection can include:
●
● Sexual activity ●
Pain or burning while urinating
● Changes in the bacteria that live inside the ●
Frequent urination
Feeling the need to urinate despite having
vagina, or vaginal flora. For example, an empty bladder
menopause or the use of spermicides can ● Bloody urine
cause these bacterial changes. ● Pressure or cramping in the groin or lower
● Pregnancy abdomen
● Age (older adults and young children are Symptoms of a kidney infection can include:
● Fever
more likely to get UTIs)
● ● Chills
Structural problems in the urinary tract, ● Lower back pain or pain in the side of your
such as enlarged prostate
●
back
Poor hygiene, for example, in children who ● Nausea or vomiting
are potty-training
Treatment Prevention
You can help prevent UTIs by doing the following:
Your healthcare professional will
● Urinate after sexual activity.
determine if you have a UTI by:
● ● Stay well hydrated.
Asking about symptoms ●
● Doing a physical exam ●
Take showers instead of baths.

●
Minimize douching, sprays, or powders in the genital area.
Ordering urine tests, if needed ● Teach girls when potty training to wipe front to back.

How to Feel Better

If your healthcare professional prescribes you antibiotics:
● Take antibiotics exactly as your healthcare professional tells you.

● Do not share your antibiotics with others

.
● Do not save antibiotics for later. Talk to your healthcare professional about safely discarding
leftover antibiotics.
Common illness
Chickenpox
A highly infectious viral
disease also known
medically as varicella in
many countries, this
disease is always called
"varicella" that causes a
blister-like rash, itching,
fatigue and fever.
 Symptoms
● Fever
● Loss of appetite
● Headache
●Tiredness and a general feeling of being
unwell (malaise)
Once the chickenpox rash appears, it
goes through three phases:
● ● Unvaccinated older children (ages 7- 13 years)
Raised pink or red bumps (papules),
which break out over several days
● Small fluid-filled blisters (vesicles),
which form in about one day and then
break and leak
● Crusts and scabs, which cover the
broken blisters and take several more
days to heal
Prevention
The chickenpox (varicella) vaccine is the best way to prevent
chickenpox. Experts from the CDC estimate that the vaccine
provides complete protection from the virus for nearly 98% of
people who receive both of the recommended doses. When
the vaccine doesn't provide complete protection, it
significantly lessens the severity of chickenpox.
● Young children (12 months-6 years)
● Unvaccinated adults ( health care workers, teachers, child
care employees, international travelers, military personnel,
adults who live with young children and all women of
childbearing age.)
Adults who've never had chickenpox or been vaccinated
usually receive two doses of the vaccine, four to eight weeks
apart. If you don't remember whether you've had chickenpox
or the vaccine, a blood test can determine your immunity.
Common illness

Allergies
are an immune response
triggered by allergens and
ordinarily harmful
substances.
 KINDS OF
ALLERGIES

Drug allergy Food allergy Insect allergy Latex allergy Mold allergy

Pet allergy Pollen allergy

 Symptoms
Common symptoms of an allergic reaction
include:
sneezing and an itchy, runny or blocked
nose (allergic rhinitis)
itchy, red, watering eyes (conjunctivitis)
wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of
breath and a cough
a raised, itchy, red rash (hives)
swollen lips, tongue, eyes or face
tummy pain, feeling sick, vomiting or
diarrhoea
dry, red and cracked skin
Diagnosis
To evaluate whether you have an allergy, your
doctor will likely:
Ask detailed questions about signs and
symptoms
Perform a physical exam
Have you keep a detailed diary of symptoms
and possible triggers
Ask you to keep a detailed diary of the foods
you eat
Ask if you've stopped eating the suspected
food during the allergy evaluation
Ask you to keep a detailed diary of the foods
you eat
Ask if you've stopped eating the suspected
food during the allergy evaluation
Diagnosis Treatment
Your doctor might also recommend Allergy treatments include:
one or both of the following tests.
However, be aware that these Allergen avoidance
allergy tests can be falsely positive Medications
or falsely negative. Immunotherapy.
Emergency epinephrine
Skin test.
Blood test
Common illness

Asthma
a common long-term
condition that can cause
coughing, wheezing, chest
tightness, and
breathlessness
Symptoms Medication
wheezing, coughing and chest Inhalers
tightness becoming severe and Tablets
constant.
Injections
being too breathless to eat, speak
Surgery
or sleep. Complementary therapies
breathing faster.
a fast heartbeat.
drowsiness, confusion, exhaustion
or dizziness.
blue lips or fingers.
fainting.
Common illness

Dementia
a syndrome (a group of
related symptoms)
associated with an ongoing
decline of the brain and its
abilities
 Symptoms
- increasing difficulties with tasks
and activities that require
concentration and planning
- depression
- changes in personality and
mood
- periods of mental confusion
- difficulty finding the right words
Treatment
- Memantine (Namenda) works by regulating the
activity of glutamate, another chemical messenger
involved in brain functions, such as learning and
memory
- Cholinesterase inhibitors.
These medications : including donepezil (Aricept),
rivastigmine (Exelon) and galantamine (Razadyne) —
work by boosting levels of a chemical messenger
involved in memory and judgment
- Other medications.
Your doctor might prescribe medications to treat other
symptoms or conditions, such as depression, sleep
disturbances, hallucinations, parkinsonism or agitation.
 Therapies
- Occupational therapy.
An occupational therapist can show you how to make your home safer and teach coping behaviors.

- Modifying the environment.

Reducing clutter and noise can make it easier for someone with dementia to focus and function.

Other therapies:

- Music therapy, which involves listening to soothing music

- Watching videos of family members
- Pet therapy, which involves use of animals, such as visits from dogs, to promote improved moods and
behaviors in people with dementia
- Aromatherapy, which uses fragrant plant oils
- Massage therapy
- Art therapy, which involves creating art, focusing on the process rather than the outcome
Common illness
Insomnia
difficulty getting to sleep or
staying asleep for long
enough to feel refreshed the
next morning.
Symptoms Treatment
- medical practitioner will first try to identify and treat any
- find it difficult to fall asleep underlying health condition, such as anxiety, that may be causing
your sleep problems.
- lie awake for long periods at night
- They'll probably also discuss things you can do at home that
- wake up several times during the night
may help to improve your sleep.
- wake up early in the morning and not
- In some cases, a special type of cognitive behavioural therapy
be able to get back to sleep
(CBT) designed for people with insomnia (CBT-I) may be
recommended. This is a type of talking therapy that aims to help
- not feel refreshed when you get up
you avoid the thoughts and behaviours affecting your sleep. It's
usually the first treatment recommended and can help lead to
- find it hard to nap during the day,
long-term improvement of your sleep.
despite feeling tired

- feel tired and irritable during the day

- Prescription sleeping tablets are usually only considered as a
and have difficulty concentrating last resort and should be used for only a few days or weeks at a
time.
Common illness

Measles
is a highly contagious illness caused by a
virus that replicates in the nose and
throat of an infected child or adult then
when someone with mealses coughs
sneezes or talks infected droplets spray
into the air where other people can
inhale them however there are several
groups that are more likely to suffer
from measles complications
Symptoms The rash usually starts at the hairline and
• a fever, possibly up to 104°F (40°C) spreads down through the body. It may begin
• a cough as flat, red spots, but small bumps may
• a runny nose appear on top. The spots may join together
• sneezing as they spread. Complications can arise,
• watery eyes some of which can be severe.
• body aches
• small white spots in the mouth, • vision loss
appearing 2–3 days after early symptoms• encephalitis, an infection that causes
• a red rash, appearing around 3–5 daysbrain swelling
after symptoms start • severe diarrhea and dehydration
During pregnancy, measles can lead to: • additional infections
• loss of pregnancy • pneumonia and other respiratory
• early delivery infections
• low birth weight
Treatment

• acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil) to reduce fever.

• rest to help boost your immune system.

• plenty of fluids.

• a humidifier to ease a cough and sore throat.

• vitamin A supplements.
Common illness
Influenza
is a contagious viral infection that can
cause mild to severe symptoms and
life-threatening complications,
including death, even in healthy
children and adults. Influenza viruses
spread mainly from one individual to
another through coughing or sneezing.
Less often, they can also spread
through touching a contaminated
surface and then touching the mouth,
eyes, or nose. Individuals can pass flu
on to others even before
Symptoms
the following symptoms
(think F.A.C.T.S.):
■
Fever
■ Aches (muscle,
body, and headaches)
■
Chills
■ Tiredness (fatigue)
■ Sudden onset
■
Cough, runny or
stuffy nose, and/or sore
throat
■ Vomiting and
diarrhea (more common in
children than adults)
Treatment
> Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
> Zanamivir (Relenza)
> Peramivir (Rapivab)
> Baloxavir (Xofluza).
Most circulating strains of influenza have become resistant to amantadine and
rimantadine (Flumadine), which are older antiviral drugs that are no longer
recommended.
• Drink plenty of liquids.
• Rest.
• Pain relievers:
>Acetaminophen (Tylenol, others)
>Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others)
To help control the spread of influenza in your community, stay home and keep
sick children home until the fever has been gone for 24 hours. Avoid being
around other people until you're feeling better, unless you're getting medical
care. If you do need to leave your home and get medical care, wear a face mask.
Wash your hands often.
Common illness

Diarrhea
also spelled diarrhoea, is the
condition of having at least
three loose, liquid, or watery
bowel movements each day. It
often lasts for a few days and
can result in dehydration due to
fluid loss.
Symptoms Diagnosis
>Frequent loose, watery
Your doctor will ask about your medical history, review the
>stools. medications you take, conduct a physical exam and may
order tests to determine what's causing your diarrhea.
>Abdominal cramps. Possible tests include:
Abdominal pain.
Blood test.
>Fever. Stool test.
Hydrogen breath test.
>Bleeding. Flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy.
Upper endoscopy.
>Lightheadedness or
dizziness from
dehydration.
Treatment
·Most cases of acute diarrhea clear on their own within a couple of days
without treatment. If you've tried lifestyle changes and home remedies for
diarrhea without success, your doctor might recommend medications or
other treatments.

·Antibiotics or anti-parasitics
·Treatment to replace fluids
Adjusting medications
Flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy.
·Treating underlying conditions
Common illness

Ecazema
a chronic skin
condition that usually
begins in infancy or
early chillood and is
often associated with
food allergy allergic
rhinitis and asthma.
Symptoms Medications
In most cases eczema Doctors can prescribe several medications to treat the
symptoms are mild. The symptoms of eczema, including:
most common symptoms of
atopic dermatitis include: Topical corticosteroid creams and ointments
Oral medications
dry, scaly skin Antibiotics
skin flushing Antihistamines
itching Topical calcineurin inhibitors
open, crusted, or Barrier repair moisturizers
weeping sores
Phototherapy
rashes
Injected biologic drugs
skin infections
 References:
Allergies. Illnesses & conditions | NHS inform. (n.d.). Retrieved October 5, 2021, from https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-
conditions/immune-system/allergies/.

Asthma symptoms and treatments. symptoms & treatments - Illnesses & conditions | NHS inform. (n.d.). Retrieved October 5, 2021,
from https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/lungs-and-airways/asthma/. Dementia. Dementia guide | NHS inform. (n.d.).
Retrieved October 5, 2021, from https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/brain-nerves-and-spinal-cord/dementia/.

Insomnia causes and treatments. causes & treatments - Illnesses & conditions | NHS inform. (n.d.). Retrieved October 5, 2021, from
https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/mental-health/insomnia/.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) symptoms and treatments. Illnesses & conditions | NHS inform. (n.d.). Retrieved October 5, 2021, from
https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/kidneys-bladder-and-prostate/urinary-tract-infection-uti/.
Slide Share. (2013, August 21). First aid. Retrieved October 03, 2021 from https://www.slideshare.net/mcagungun/first-aid-25445894

Diarrhea (April 13,2020) Cleveland Clinic Retrieved October 5 ,2021 From: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4108-diarrhea

Jay W. Marks, MD Chickenpox (June 3, 2021) Retrieved October 5, 2021 From:https://www.medicinenet.com/chickenpox/definition.htm