UNIT 2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY

A. VOCABULARY:
I. Word form:
1. She has played a ____________ role in the peace negotiation. (decide)
2. He fought the illness with courage and _____________. (determine)
3. The room is arranged very ______________. (attract)
4. The school pays for the _______________ of the buildings. (maintain)
5. Judging by _______________ can be misleading. (appear)
6. I enclose the two plans for ________________. (compare)
7. The government should have a policy to _____________ the distribution of the resources throughout
the country. (equal)
8. The _____________ of people interviewed prefer TV to radio. (major)
9. She’s received a __________ letter for the job she applied for. (reject)
10. You are under no _______________ to buy anything. (oblige)

II. Multiple choice:

1. He gained _______ when he went to college.
A. confident B. confidently C. confidence D. confide
2. Her parents ______ sacrifices so that she could have a good education.
A. made B. did C. provided D. lent
3. In America, it is not polite to ask questions about age, ___ and income.
A. marrying B. married C. marriage D. marry
4. _____, Americans and Asians have had very different ideas about love.
A. Tradition B. Traditionally C. Traditional D. Traditions
5. I like John but I don’t find him _________ physically.
A. attractive B. attractively C. attracted D. attractiveness
6. The two countries have always _________ close relations.
A. held B. maintained C. kept D. continued
7. She has never been concerned about her ___________.
A. appear B. appearing C. apparent D. appearance
8. She was in a relaxed, ___________ mood.
A. confidence B. confident C. confidently D. confide
9. She _______ all her secrets to her friends.
A. confided B. confident C. confidently D. confidence
10. I knocked on the door but there was no ___________.
A. response B. respond C. respondent D. responses
11. I have been _________ by all the universities I applied to.
A. denied B. refused C. rejected D. opposed
12. Marriage should be an equal __________.
A. partner B. partnership C. counterpart D. part
13. Parents are _______ by law to send their children to school.
A. obliged B. forbidden C. ban D. discouraged
14. Diet and exercise are ________ important.
A. equal B. equally C. equality D. equalize
15. The ________ of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.
A. number B. amount C. quantity D. majority
16. The guide ________ us around the ruins of the ancient city.
A. made B. brought C. conducted D. introduced
17. A date for the meeting has yet to be __________.
 A. determined B. determination C. determining D. determinedly
18. I am not against the plans for the new gallery at all; _______ I think it’s a marvelous idea.
A. but B. on the contrary C. however D. and
19. He chose to ________ his family life for his career.
A. give B. sacrifice C. fail D. bring
20. After leaving school, he tried to ________ a living` as a door- to- door salesman.
A. gain B. win C. obtain D. earn

B. READING:
I. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following
passage:
Throughout the world there are different (1) _______ for people to greet each other. In much of the
world, a handshake is the (2) _______ form of welcoming and greeting someone. In many countries
around the Mediterranean Sea a (3) _______ kiss on the cheek is the appropriate way to welcome friends
and family. It can be a very (4) ______ surprise if you expect to shake hands and get a kiss or a hug
instead.
At times, it is difficult to tell what sort of greeting (5) _________ is followed. People may bow,
(6)______ another’s arm or even slap the other person on the back. In some places people just smile, look
at (7)______ face and say nothing.
Most people in the world are (8) ________ of visitors and don’t mind what travelers do that seems
wrong as long as the visitors are (9) ______. A big part of the (10) ______ of world travel is experiencing
different customs.
1. A. means B. ways C. methods D. technique
2. A. different B. unique C. common D. same
3. A. light B. superficial C. fast D. heavy
4. A. huge B. large C. big D. great
5. A. habit B. routine C. custom D. tradition
6. A. take B. grab C. shake D. wave
7. A. other B. the others C. theirs D. the other’s
8. A. kind B. generous C. tolerant D. independent
9. A. sincere B. truthful C. faithful D. hopeful
10. A. interest B. pleasure C. comfort D. delightfulness

II. Read the following passage and then answer the following questions by choosing A, B, C or D:
In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you
telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the
matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone
calls made after 11 p.m. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes it’s a matter of life
and death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance.
In social life, time plays a very important part. In The USA guests tend to feel they are not highly
regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But
it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be foolish to make an appointment too far
in advance because plans which are made for a date more than one week tend to be forgotten. The
meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus misunderstanding arises between people from
cultures that treat time differently.
Promptness is valued highly in American life; for example, if people are not prompt, they may be
regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the USA no one would think of keeping a business
associate waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late is expected to
make a short apology. If he is less than 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though
perhaps he will not complete the sentence.
1. “The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11 p.m.”. Here “ATTACHED” means
A. taken B. drawn C. given D. shown
2. Supposing one wants to make a telephone call at dawn, they would mean:
A. the matter is important
B. the matter requires immediate attention
C. the matter is somewhat important
D. it is a matter of life and death
3. According to this passage, time plays an important role in _______
A. everyday life B. school life
C. communications D. private life
4. The best title for this passage is ___________.
A. The Voices of time
C. The Importance of an Announcement
B. The Importance of Time
D. Time and Tide Wait for No Man
5. According to the passage, the author of the article may agree to which of the following statement.
A. It is appropriate to send your invitation cards 3 or 4 days before a dinner party date in the US.
B. It may be appropriate to send your invitation cards to your guests 3 or 4 days before dinner
party date in some cultures.
C. It is best for one to make telephone calls at night because it costs much less.
D. If one is less than 5 minutes late, he has to make a short apology.

C. LANGUAGE FOCUS:
I. PHONETICS: Choose the word whose ending “ED” is pronounced differently from that of the
others
1. A. washed B. booked C. naked D. faxed
2. A. planned B. earned C. preferred D. learned
3. A. controlled B. helped C. taped D. booked
4. A. naked B. rented C. admitted D. watched
5. A. supposedly B. invited C. dated D. talked
6. A. offered B. bathed C. missed D. borrowed
7. A. enjoyed B. played C. parked D. jogged
8. A. pointed B. polluted C. naked D. lived
9. A destroyed B. injured C. washed D. begged
10. A. folded B. replied C. buried D. tried

II. STRESS: Choose the word that has the stress differently from that of the others
1. A. romantic B. partnership C. Indian D. summary
2. A. attractive B. appearance C. physical D. majority
3. A. marriage B. equal C. value D. confide
4. A. attitude B. determine C. actually D. sacrifice
5. A. particular B. example C. supposed D. beauty
6. A. cultural B. diversity C. etiquette D. common
7. A. majority B. suspicious C. formality D. familiarity
8. A. interpret B. colleague C. address D. acquaintance
9. A. dishonest B. contact C. respect D. American
10. A. regardless B. status C. widen D. contrast
III. GRAMMAR: TENSE REVISION
Exercise 1: Multiple choice
1. I ______ Louisiana State University at present.
A. am attending B. attend C. will attend D. attended
2. I _______ in the room now.
A. am being B. am C. have been D. will be
3. I’ll come and see you before I ______ for America.
A. leave B. will leave C. am leaving D. left
4. He said he ________ later.
A. would return B. returned C. returns D. is returning
5. He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he ______ dinner.
A. finishes B. will finish C. is finishing D. finished
6. He is late again. He _________ late for class.
A. is always coming B. always came C. is coming D. will come
7. By the end of next year, I _____ here for twenty-five years.
A. will be B. will be being C. will have been D. have been
8. I’ll call her at eight. No, don’t. She ______ breakfast then.
A. will have B. will have had C. will be having D. is having
9. By next winter they ______ four houses in that field.
A. will build B. will be building
C. will have been building D. will have built
10. By the end of the term, I _____ all twelve volumes.
A. will read B. will have read
C. will be reading D. will have been reading
11. By the age of 25, he _____ two famous novels.
A. wrote B. was writing
C. had written D. had been reading
12. I couldn’t cut the grass because the machine _______ a few days previously.
A. broke down B. was breaking down
C. has broken down D. had broken down
13. Up to then I ________ such a big fire.
A. saw B. was seeing
C. had never seen D. have seen
14. I _______ from him until he ______ me yesterday.
A. hadn’t heard/ phoned B. hadn’t heard/ had phoned
C. didn’t hear/ had phoned D. all are incorrect
15. He ______ in London for two years and then ______ to Edinburgh.
A. lived/ had gone B. had lived/ had gone
C. had lived/ went D. lived/ going
16. When I _____ him six years ago, he _____ as a director for three years already.
A. met/ had worked B. met/ worked
C. was meeting/ was working D. met/ was working
17 When I met her again, she ________ a lot.
A. changed B. was changing
C. had changed D. had been changing
18. “Robert is going to be famous one day. He _____ in three movies already.”
“I’m sure he’ll be a star.”
A. has been appearing B. had appeared
C. has appeared D. appeared
19. “When are you going to ask your boss for a raise?”
“_____ to her twice already! I don’t think she wants to give me one.”
A. I have talked B. I have been talking
C. I was talking D. I had talked
20. Jane’s eyes burned and her shoulders ached. She ________ at the computer for 5 straight hours.
Finally, she took a break.
A. is sitting B. has been sitting
C. was sitting D. had been sitting

Exercise 2: Multiple choice

1. In the last hundred years, traveling _______ much easier and more comfortable.
A. becomes B. has become C. became D. will become
2. In the 19th century, it _______ two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon.
A. took B. has taken C. had taken D. was taking
3. In the past the trip _______ very rough and often dangerous, but things _______ a great deal in the last
hundred and fifty years.
A. was / have changed B. is / change
C. had been / will change D. has been / changed
4. Now we _______ from New York to Los Angeles.
A. are flying B. fly C. flew D. will fly
5. When Carol _______ last night, I ______ my favorite show on television.
A. was calling / watched B. called /have watched
C. called / was watching D. had called / watched
6. By this time next summer, you _______ your studies.
A. completes B. will complete C. are completing D. will have completed
7. Right now, Jim _______ the newspaper and Kathy _______ dinner.
A. reads / has cooked B. is reading / is cooking
C. has read / was cooking D. read / will be cooking
8. Last night at this time, they _______ the same thing. She _______ and he _______ the newspaper.
A. are doing / is cooking / is reading
B. were doing / was cooking / was reading
C. was doing / has cooked / is reading
D. had done / was cooking /read
9. When I _______ home last night, I _______ that Jane _______ a beautiful candlelight dinner.
A. had arrived / discovered / prepared
B. was arriving / had discovered / was preparing
C. have arrived / was discovering / had prepared
D. arrived /discovered / was preparing
10. Sam _______ to change a light bulb when he _______ and _______.
A. was trying / slipped / fell
B. tried / was slipping / falling
C. had been trying / slipped
D. has tried / slips / falls
11. Everyday I _______ up at 6 o’clock, _______ breakfast at 7 o’clock and _______ for work at 8
o’clock
A. get / eat / leave
B. have got / eating / leaving
C. got / ate / left
D. will get / have eaten / left
12. Yesterday, I _______ for work late because I _______ to set my alarm.
A. had left / forgot
B. was leaving / was forgetting
C. left / had forgotten
D. had been leaving / would forget
13. By the time we _______ to the train station, Susan _______ for us for more than two hours.
A. will get / has been waiting
B. got / was waiting
C. got / had been waiting
D. get / will wait
14. I _______ for this company for more than thirty years, and I intend to stay here until I _______ next
year.
A. am working / will retire
B. am going to work / am retiring
C. work / am going to retire
D. have been working / retire
15. My mother is always the first _______ up and the last _______ to bed.
A. getting / going B. to get / going
C. getting / to go D. to get / to go
16. I _______ you last night after dinner, but you _______ there. Where _______ you?
A. was calling / are not / are
B. called / were not / were
C. had called / had not been / were
D. called / have not been / are
17. The Titanic _______ the Atlantic when it _______ an iceberg.
A. was crossing / struck
B. had crossed / was striking
C. crossed / had struck
D. is crossing / strikes
18. _______ to come over for dinner tonight?
A. Do you want B. Are you wanting
C. Have you wanted D. Will you want
19.What _______ at this time tomorrow?
A. will you do B. will you be doing
C. will you have done D. will you have been
20. The lights _______ out because we _______ the electricity bill.
A. have gone / did not pay B. will go / did not paid
C. go / would not pay D. went / had not paid
 SAMPLE TEST 1

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others:
1. A. blessed B. wretched C. naked D. demolished
2. A. moaned B. presented C. viewed D. robbed
3. A. cease B. chase C. increase D. raise

II. Choose the word that is stressed differently from the others:
4. A. activity B. suitable C. obedient D. security
5. A. discuss B. example C. precede D. market

III. Mistake correction:

6. Mrs. Coleman, whom everyone is loving, and admires and asks for help, is celebrating her twenty-
fifth anniversary with the company.
A B C D
7. I realize that you want to go to that restaurant, but they don’t serve good food for quite a while.
A B C D
8. Before the employees went on strike, they don’t have good working conditions and couldn’t bring
any complaints to management.
A B C D
9. Were you sleeping when I was walking into your office, or were your eyes just closed because you
were thinking?
A B C
D
10. Henry enjoys fishing because it allows him relaxing and forget all his problems.
A B C D

IV. Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D that best completes each sentence:
11. The little girl asked what ________ to her friend.
A. has happened B. happens
C. had happened D. would be happened
12. The neighbors are very kind, they are always willing to ___________ a hand.
A. offer B. give C. make D. provide
13. The manager _________ the men to return to work immediately.
A. insisted B. suggested C. ordered D. demanded
14. He’s a wonderful cook; he can make a delicious _______ out of almost everything.
A. flavor B. food C. plate D. meal
15. The prisoner ________ that he had attacked a policeman.
A. denied B. declined C. refused D. rejected
16. For people with hearing difficulties, telephones with volume controls provide the best ________.
A. reply B. response C. solution D. result
17. He isn’t ________ run the business alone.
A. capable of B. good at C. able to D. used to
18. The subject _______ in conversation.
A. came up B. came in C. came over D. came into
19. You were ________ to be here an hour ago.
A. intended B. planned C. supposed D. needed
20. It’s not a very _________ way to make a living.
A. security B. securely C. secure D. insecure
21. By Christmas, I _______ for Mr. Smith for six years.
A. will have been working B. will work
C. will be working D. have been working
22. “I took the TOEFL. It was really hard.” “_______ a lot before you took it?”
A. Have you studied B. Do you study
C. Had you studied D. Were you studying
23. I haven’t heard from Maria ________.
A. since many months before B. for many months
C. for many months ago D. since a long time
24. “How are you feeling?” “I have been feeling better since __________.”
A. the doctor has come B. the doctor will come
C. the doctor had come D. the doctor came
25. John _______ a book when I saw him.
A. read B. was reading C. has read D. is reading

IV. GAP- FILLING:

In a small village in North Yorkshire, there is a big old farmhouse (26) _______ three families live
together, Alice and George and their three children, Joe and Pam and their two children, and Sue and her
baby daughter. The adults divide up the work ________ (27) them. George does the cooking, Joe and Sue
do (28) ______ the housework. Pam looks after the shopping and (29) _____ the repairs, and Alice takes
care of the garden.
Alice, George and Sue go out to work. Joe works at home (30) ________ computer systems, and
Pam, who is a painter, looks after the baby during the day. Two of the children go to school in (31)
________ village, but the three oldest ones go by bus to the secondary school in the nearest town, ten
miles (32) _________.
The three families get (33) ______ well, and enjoy their way of life. And they all say they would
much (34) _______ go on living in their old farmhouse (35) ________move to a luxury flat in a big city.
26. A. where B. which C. that D. in that
27. A. in B. into C. between D. within
28. A. most B. most of C. almost D. almost of
29. A. fulfils B. repairs C. does D. makes
30. A. designs B. designing C. who designs D. and design
31. A. a B. an C. that D. the
32. A. away B. long C. apart D. far
33. A. with B. in C. on D. off
34. A. prefer B. like C. have D. rather
35. A. to B. than C. then D. therefore

V. READING:
People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable- without
meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it. So if your American hosts do something that makes
you uncomfortable, try to let them know how you feel. Most people will appreciate your honesty and try
not to make you uncomfortable again. And you’ll all learn something about another culture. Sometimes
Americans are said to be superficially friendly. Perhaps it seems so, but they are probably just having a
good time. Just like anywhere else, it takes time to become real friends with people in the U.S.A.
36. What should you do if your American hosts do something that makes you feel bad?
A. tell them right away B. say nothing
C. keep silent D. smile
37. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. Telling the truth is almost always appreciated
B. People from two countries sometimes hurt each other’s feeling.
C. By appearance, Americans aren’t outgoing.
D. Americans usually make guests feel relaxed and comfortable.
38. The word “appreciate” nearly means:
A. praise B. evaluate
C. estimate D. be grateful for sth that sb has done
39. The word “superficially” nearly means:
A. obviously B. clearly C. by appearance D. uselessly
40. What can be inferred from the reading?
A. Making friends usually takes time in all cultures.
B. People from different cultures always make guests uncomfortable.
C. Making friends is not easy.
D. Being a welcome guest.

VI. Multiple choice

41. This is the first time I attend such an enjoyable wedding party.
A. The first wedding party I attended was enjoyable.
B. I had the first enjoyable wedding party.
C. My attendance at the first wedding party was enjoyable.
D. I have never attended such an enjoyable wedding party before.
42. It is not until a Vietnamese girl getting 18 years old that she is allowed to get married legally.
A. A Vietnamese girl is not allowed to get married legally only when she gets 18 years old.
B. A Vietnamese girl is allowed to get married legally only after she gets 18 years old.
C. They never allow a Vietnamese girl to get married legally when she is 18 years old.
D. The legal allowance for a Vietnamese girl to get married will be issued in 18 years.
43. I have not met her for three years.
A. The last time I met her was three years ago.
B. It is three years when I will meet her.
C. I did not meet her three years ago.
D. During three years, I met her once.
44. This pasta is a new experience for me.
A. I used to eat a lot of pasta.
B. I am used to eating pasta.
C. It is the first time I have eaten pasta.
D. I have ever eaten pasta many times before.
45. I have not seen Tom for ages.
A. It has been a long time since I last saw Tom.
B. Tom and I do not look the same age.
C. Tom and I are friends for a long time.
D. I often met Tom ages ago.
46. I often get up early.
A. I am used to get up early.
B. I can get up early.
C. I like to get up early.
D. I am used to getting up early.
47. No sooner had Alice registered for the course than she received the scholarship
A. Alice registered for the course soon after receiving the scholarship.
B. Rather than receive the scholarship, Alice registered for the course.
C. As soon as Alice registered for the course, she received the scholarship.
D. Registering for the course helped Alice receive the scholarship.
48. The singer has given up performing live.
A. The singer is accustomed to performing live.
B. The singer’s live performance has been cancelled.
C. The singer used to perform live.
D. The singer’s performance has always been live.
49. She couldn’t find the classroom until after the class had begun.
A. She went to the wrong class.
B. She was late for class because she had got lost.
C. She missed the class.
D. She had some trouble finding the class but she arrived on time.
50. The number of tourists visiting this area rose last year.
A. Last year there was a rise number of tourists visiting this area last year.
B. Last year there was the number of tourists visiting this area rose last year.
C. Last year there was a rise in the number of tourists visiting this area.
D. Last year there was rose in the number of tourists visiting this area.