PHYSICS

QUESTIONS ANSWERS
Basic Rules of Algebra
EASY 16+4x+4
1. If 16 is 4 more than 4x, find 5x-1. x=3
A. 14 5x-1=5(3)-1
B. 3 5x-1=14
C. 12
D. 5

MEDIUM 5x x+3 2 x+1

− 2 + 2
1. Simplify the following equation 2
2 x +7 x+3 2 x −3 x−2 x + x−6
5x x+3 2 x+1 5x x +3 2 x+1
2
− 2 + 2 ¿ − +
2 x +7 x+3 2 x −3 x−2 x + x−6 ( 2 x +1 ) (x+ 3) ( 2 x+1 ) (x−2) ( x +3 ) (x−2)
4 5 x ( x−2 )−( x +3 ) ( x+3 )+ ( 2 x +1 ) (2 x +1 )
A. ¿
x+3 ( 2 x+ 1 )( x +3 ) ( x−2 )
2
5 x −10 x−x 2−6 x−9+ 4 x 2+ 4 x +1
2
B.
x−3 ¿
4 ( 2 x+1 ) ( x+ 3 )( x−2 )
C. 2
8 x −12 x−8
x−3 ¿
2 ( 2 x +1 )( x +3 ) ( x−2 )
D.
x+3 4 ( 2 x 2−3 x−2 )
¿
( 2 x +1 )( x +3 ) ( x−2 )
4 ( 2 x+1 ) (x −2)
¿
( 2 x +1 )( x +3 ) ( x−2 )
4
¿
x +3

MEDIUM
2. Solve for x: ( b2 −4 b +16 ) (b2−16)
( b2 −4 b +16 ) ( b 2−16 ) x= 3 3
x= b +4
b3 +64 2
( b −4 b +16 ) ( b−4)(b+ 4)
A. b+4 x=
( b+ 4 )( b2−4 b+ 42 )
x=b−4
 b−4
B.
b+2
b2−4
C.
b+2
D. b-4

MEDIUM x +2 x +2
=
x +2 2
x −7 x +12 ( x−3 ) ( x−4 )
3. Resolve 2 into partial fraction.
x −7 x +12 x +2 A B
= +
6 2 x −7 x +12 x−3 x−4
2
A. −
x−4 x−3 x +2 A ( x−4 ) + B ( x−3 )
3 5 =
B. − ( x−3 ) ( x −4 ) ( x−3 )( x−4 )
x−4 x−3 x +2= A ( x−4 ) + B ( x−3 )
6 5 x +2= Ax−A 4+ Bx−B 3
C. −
x−4 x−3 Equate coefficients of x:
7 5 1=A+B
D. −
x−4 x−3 A=1-B Eq. 1

Equate constants:
2=−4 A−3 B Eq. 2

Substitute equation 1 in equation 2:

2=4 ( 1−B ) −3 B
2=−4+ 4 B−3 B
B=6
A=1−6=−5
x +2 6 5
Thus, 2 = −
x −7 x +12 x−4 x−3

MEDIUM x 2+ 4 x +10 A B ( 2 x +2 ) C
4. Find the value of A in the equation: 3 2
= + 2 + 2
x +2 x +5 x x x + 2 x +5 x +2 x +5
x 2+ 4 x +10 A B ( 2 x +2 ) C 2
A ( x +2 x+5 ) +Bx ( 2 x +2 ) +Cx
3 2
= + 2 + 2 ¿
x +2 x +5 x x x + 2 x +5 x +2 x +5 x( x ¿¿ 2+2 x+ 5)¿
 A. -2 Ax 2+ 2 Ax+5 A+2 Bx2 +2 Bx +Cx
B. ½ x 3 +2 x 2 +5 x
C. -1/2 By equating constant:
D. 2 10=5 A
A=2

MEDIUM ¿
5. The value of (3 to 2.5 power) square is equal to:
A. 729
B. 140
C. 243
D. 81

MEDIUM (5¿¿ 2 n−1)

y=4 ( 52 n +1 )−10 ¿
2 n +1 −10 (5¿¿ 2 n−1) 2(5¿¿ 2 n)¿
6. Evaluate: 4 (5 ) ¿
2(5¿¿ 2 n) ¿ (5¿¿ 2 n−1)
y=2 ( 52 n +1 )−5 ¿
A. y=5 n 52 n
B. y=9 (5 ¿ ¿ 2 n−1∙ 5−1 )
C. y=5 2 n y=2 ( 52 n +1 ∙ 51 )−5 2n
¿
5
D. y=18
y=2 ( 51 ) −5(5¿¿−1)¿
y=9

MEDIUM a 2−x 2=( a+ x ) (a−x)

7. Give the factors of a 2−x 2 .
A. 2a-2x
B. (a+x)(a-x)
C. (a+x)(a+x)
D. 2x-2a

MEDIUM x 2+ 6 x+ 8=( x +4 ) ( x +2 )
8. Factor the expression x 2+ 6 x+ 8 as completely as possible.
 A. ( x +4 )( x +2 )
B. ( x−4 ) ( x+ 2 )
C. ( x−4 ) ( x−2 )
D. ( x +6 ) ( x+2 )

MEDIUM ( a−b )3 =¿ a 3−3 a2 b+3 ab2 −b3

9. ¿
A. a 3−3 a2 b+3 ab2 +b 3
B. a 3−3 a2 b−3 ab2−b 3
C. a 3+3 a2 b+ 3 ab2−b 3
D. a 3−3 a2 b+3 ab2 −b3

EASY [ 4 x2 +6 x +k =0 ] 1
10. Find the value of k so that 4 x2 +6 x +k is a perfect square. 4
2
A. 36 x + 1.5 x +0.25 k =0
B. 2.5 ¿
C. 9 Since it is a perfect square, then
D. 2.25 ¿
k =2.25

EASY
11. Factor the expression 3 x 3−3 x 2−18 x 3 x 3−3 x 2−18 x =3 x (x 2−x−6)
A. 3 x ( x−3 )( x +2 ) 3 x 3−3 x 2−18 x =3 x ( x−3 ) ( x+2 )
B. 3 x ( x +3 ) ( x+2 )
C. 3 x ( x−3 )( x−2 )
D. 3 x ( x−3 )( x +2 )

EASY n !=n ( n−1 )( n−2 ) ( n−3 ) … ( 3 ) ( 2 ) (1)

12. If n is any positive integer, when (n-1)(n-2)(n-3)... (3)(2)(1)= ( n−1 ) !=( n−1 )( n−2 ) ( n−3 ) … ( 3 )( 2 ) ( 1 )
A. e (n−1 )
B. ( n−1 ) !
C. n!
 D. (n−1)n

HARD 15=5∙ 3
13. What is the least common multiple of 15 and 18? 18=6 ∙3
A. 3 LCM =5 ∙6 ∙ 3=90
B. 5
C. 90
D. 270

EASY 10=5∙ 2
14. What is the lowest common factor of 10 and 32? 32=2 ∙ 2∙ 2∙ 2
A. 320 lowest common factor =2
B. 2
C. 180
D. 90

EASY 12=4.3=4 ∙ 3
15. The numbers 12 and 16 has the greatest common divisor of 16=4.4=4 ∙ 4
A. 2 Greatest common divisor =4
B. 4
C. 6
D. 192

Properties of Equality
EASY ( 2 x+5 y ) ( 5 x −2 y ) =10 x 2−4 xy +25 xy−10 y 2
16. Multiply the following (2x+5y)(5x-2y) ( 2 x+5 y ) ( 5 x −2 y ) =10 x 2 +21 xy−10 y 2
A. 10 x 2−21 xy +10 y 2
B. −10 x 2+21 xy +10 y 2
C. 10 x 2+21 xy−10 y 2
D. −10 x 2−21 xy −10 y 2

EASY x +1 2 x
[ 3
+ =47−2 x 12
4 ]
 x+1 2 x 4x+4+6x=564-24x
17. Find the value of x in + =47−2 x .
3 4 34x=560
A. 16.47 x=16.47
B. 12.87
C. 18.27
D. 20.17

EASY
18. Find the values of x and y from the equations: x−4 y +2=0
x−4 y +2=0 x=4 y−2 Equation 1
2 x+ y −4=0 2 x+ y −4=0 Equation 2
A. 11/7, -5/7
B. 11/9, 8/9 Substitute equation 1 to equation 2:
C. 14/9, 8/9 2 ( 4 y −2 ) + y−4=0
D. 3/2, 5/3 8 y−4+ y−4=0
9 y=8
8
y= Equation 3
9

Substitute equation 3 to equation 1:

8
x=4 ()9
−2
32
x= −2
9
14
x=
9

EASY
19. Find the value of x in equations: A A 1
A A
[
10 + = A
x y ] {[
10 + =A
x y ] }
10 A
1 1 1
A A + =
[
2 3 − =A
x y ] x y 10
1 1 1
= − Equation 1
A. 50/9 y 10 x
B. 80/9
 C. 70/9 A A 1
D. 60/9 {[
2 3
x
−4 = A
y ] }
A
6 8
− =1 Equation 2
x y
Substitute equation 1 in equation 2:
6 1 1
x
−8 ( − =1
10 x )
6 8 8
− + =1
x 10 x
14 8
=1+
x 10
14 18
=
x 10
140
x=
18
70
x=
9

EASY 4 x+2 y=5

20. Solve for the value of x and y. 5
y= −2 x Equation 1
4 x+2 y=5 2
13 x−3 y=2 13 x−3 y=2 Equation 2
A. y=1/2, x=3/2
B. y=3/2, x=1/2 Substitute equation 1 to equation 2:
C. y=2, x=1 5
D. y=3, x=1 (
13 x−3 −2 x =2
2 )
15
18 x=2+
2
19
18 x=
2
1
x=
2

5 1 3
y= − =
2 2 2 ()
MEDIUM x + z−( x+ y )=1−(−4 )
21. Solve the simultaneous equations: z=5+ y Eq. 4
x + y=−4 Substitute equation 4 in equation 3:
x + z−1=0 y + ( 5+ y ) +1=0
y + z +1=0 2 y=6
A. x=-1, y=-5, z=3 y=−3
B. x=1, y=2, z=-3 Solving for z:
C. x=-1, y=-3, z=2 z=5+(−3)
D. x=-2, y=-3, z=-1 z=2
Solving for x:
x=−4−(−3)
x=−1

EASY (2 x ¿ ¿2−3 y 2=6)3 ¿

22. Solve the simultaneous equations: 6 x 2−9 y 2=18 Equation 1
2 x2 −3 y 2=6
3 x 2+2 y 2=35 (3 x ¿ ¿ 2+ 2 y 2=35) 2 ¿
A. x=3 or -3; y=2 or -2 6 x 2+ 4 y 2=10 Equation 2
B. x=3 or -3; y=-2 or 1
C. x=3 or -3; y=2 or -1 Subtract equation 1 from equation 2:
D. x=3 or -3; y=2 or -3
6 x 2+ 4 y 2− ( 6 x2 −9 y 2 )=70−18
13 y 2=52
y=± 2

6 x 2−9( 2)2=18
6 x 2=54
x=± 3

EASY 3 x−2 y+ w=11 Equation 1

23. Find the value of w in the following equations: x +5 y−2 w=−9 Equation 2
3 x−2 y+ w=11 2 x+ y −3 w=−6 Equation 3
x +5 y−2 w=−9
2 x+ y −3 w=−6 Multiply equation 2 by equation 3:
3 x+ 15 y −6 w=−27 Equation 4
 A. 3
B. 2 Subtract equation 4 by equation 1:
C. 4 ( 3 x+ 15 y −6 w )−( 3 x−2 y+ w )=−27−11
D. -2 17 y−7 w=−38
7 w−3
y=
17
Value of y above is considered as Eq. 5

Multiply equation 2 by 2:
2 x+10 y −4 w=−18 Equation 6

Subtract equation 6 by equation 3:

( 2 x+10 y−4 w )−( 2 x+ y−3 w )=−18−(−6)
9 y−2=−12
Consider the above equation as Eq. 7

Substitute equation 5 in equation 7:

7 w−38
9[ 17 ]− w=-12
63 w−342−17 w=−204
w=3

MEDIUM 2 x− y + z=6 Equation 1

24. Solve for the value of x. x−3 y−2 z=13 Equation 2
2 x− y + z=6 2 x−3 y−3 z=16 Equation 3
x−3 y−2 z=13
2 x−3 y−3 z=16 Subtract equation 2 from equation 3:
A. 4 ( 2 x−3 y−3 z )−( x−3 y−2 z )=16−13
B. 3 x−z=3
C. 2 x=3+ z
D. 1
Consider above equation as Eq. 4

Multiply equation 1 by equation 2:

6 x−3 y +3 z=18 Eq. 5

Subtract equation 2 from equation 5:

 ( 5 x−3 y +3 z ) −( x−3 y−2 z )=18−13
5 x+ 5 z=5
z=1− x

Consider the above equation as Eq. 6

Substitute equation 6 in equation 4:

x=3+ z
x=3+ ( 1−x )
2 x=4
x=2

EASY Multiply the three given equations:

25. Determine the sum of the positive valued solution to the ( xy ) ( yz )( zx )=15 ( 35 ) (21)
simultaneous equations: xy=15, yz=35, zx=21. ( xyz )2=11025
A. 15 xyz=105 Eq. 4
B. 13
C. 17 Substitute xy=15, in equation 4:
D. 19 15 z=105
z=7
Substitute yz=35, in equation 4:
35 x=105
x=3
Substitute zx=21, in equation 4:
21 y=105
y=5
Thus, x + y + z=3+5+7=15
EASY (b−c) by−cy
x y z x= y =
a−c a−c
26. Solve for y: = =
( b−c ) ( a−c ) ( a−b ) (a−b) ay−by
x= y =
A. x-z a−c a−c
B. x+z by−cy ay−by
x + z= +
C. a+b a−c a−c
D. a-b ay−cy y (a−c)
x + z= +
a−c a−c
x + z= y
EASY p-q=5
27. If p-q=5 and pq=k/2, then p2 +q 2 equals by squaring both sides:
A. K ¿
B. 25k p2−2 pq+q 2=25
C. 25+k p2 +q 2=25+2 pq
k k
D.
25 p2 +q 2=25+2
2 ()
2 2
p +q =25+k

Properties of Exponent
EASY ¿¿¿
3 1 3
28. Simplify ¿ ¿ −6+ +5/ 2
3
−9− +5/ 2 6− −15/ 2
2 2
1 ¿x y z
A. 2 7 5 1
x y z ¿ x−2 y −7 z−3 =
x y7 z3
2
1
B. 2 7 3
x y z
1
C. 2 5 7
x y z
1
D. 5 7 2
x y z

EASY ¿
29. Simplify ¿ ¿ x4 ¿ ¿
5
2 ¿ x4 ¿ ¿
A. y 5
5 2
x 2 y
3 ¿ x−1 y =
2 x
B. y
x
5
2
C. y
2
x
 3
2
D. y
2
x

EASY ¿ 7a +2−8 ( 7 ) a+1 +5 (7 )a +49 ( 7 )a−2

30. Simplify 7 a+2−8 ( 7 )a+1 +5 ( 7 )a +49 ( 7 )a−2 a a 49(7¿¿ a)
¿ 7a 72−8 (7 ) 7 1+ ( 5 ) 7 + ¿
A. -5a 72
B. -3a ¿ 7a ( 49−56+5+1 )
C. -7a
¿−7a
D. -4a

EASY 64 x 4 y =(4)3 x (4) y =(4 )3 x+ y

31. Evaluate: 64 x ∙ 4 y .
A. 256 xy
B. 4 x+3 y
C. 64 x+3 y
D. 4 3 x + y

HARD ( 81 ) y (3)− x =243

32. Solve for x in the following equations. (3)4 y (3)−x =( 3)5 Eq. 1
y

27 x=¿9 ¿ ¿
81 y 3− x =243 ( 3 )3 x = ( 3 ) 2 y
A. 1
B. 1.5 Squaring both sides:
C. 2 (3)6 x =(3)4 y−¿¿ Eq. 2
D. 2.5
Substitute equation 2 in equation 1:
(3)4 y (3)−x =( 3)5
(3)6 x (3)− x =(3)5
6 x−x=5
5 x=5
x=1
EASY (a¿ ¿ n)(a¿¿ m)=100,000¿ ¿
33. Given: (a¿ ¿ n) ( a m )=100,000 ¿ an n m
=10 ; a =10 a
an a m
=10
am Substitute (2) in (1):
Find a: 10 am a n=100000
A. 12 a n=1000
B. 9 (a¿ ¿ n)(a¿¿ m)=amn=100000 ¿ ¿
C. 11 (a¿ ¿ n)(a¿¿ m)=¿ ¿ ¿ ¿
D. 10 1000m =100000
m=2

Substitute m=2, in equation 3:

a 2=100
a=10

m
EASY
m b n =¿
34. Simplify b n

A. √ bm
n
m+n
B. b
C. √n bm
bm
D.
n

HARD ¿¿
4
35. If x to the ¾ power equals 8, x equals 3
A. -9 x=( 8 )
B. 6 x=16
C. 9
D. 16

Properties of Radicals
MEDIUM √ x−2= √ x +2
 36. Find the value of x which will satisfy the following expression:
√ x−2= √ x +2. By squaring both sides:
A. 3/2 ¿
B. 9/4 x−2=x+ 4 √ 4 +4
C. 18/6 4 √ x =−6
D. None of these −3
√ x=
2
9
x=
4
Note: Since x=9/4 will not satisfy to the given general equation when
substituted, this equation is classified as defective and thus, the
answer is “None of these”

HARD
37. Simplify

A. 3
√ ab
√ 3
ab
√ ab √ √ 3
ab
√ ab
=¿
ab

( ab )
2
1
3
¿

B.
C.
√ ab
ab √ 3
ab
√ ab
ab
√
=¿ ( ab ) 3 ¿

√ ab
D. 3
ab √ 3
√ ab
ab
=¿ ¿ ¿

√ ab
√ 3
√ ab
ab
=¿(ab)1 /3 ¿

√ 3
√ ab
3
=¿ √ ab ¿

EASY √ x+ 2 √ 2 x +3=3
38. Solve for x: √ x+ 2 √ 2 x +3−3=0 By squaring both sides:
A. 3 x +2 √ 2 x+ 3=9
B. 23 2 √ 2 x +3=9−x
C. 3 and 23 By squaring both sides:
D. 20 4 ( 2 x +3 ) =(9−x)2
8 x +12=81−18 x + x 2
x 2−26 x=−69
By completing the square:
 ( x−13 )2=−69+ ( 13 )2
( x−13)2=100
x−13=±10
x=23 Absurd

x=3

4 3
MEDIUM √ 8 √ 2 √ 8 x=2
39. Solve for x from the given equation:
√4 8 √3 2 √ 8 x=2 3
By raising both sides to exponent 4:
A. 4 8 √ 2 √ 8 x=(4)2 =16
B. 2 √3 2 √8 x=2
C. 3 By raising both sides to exponent 3:
D. 5
2 √ 8 x=(2)3=8
√ 8 x=4
By raising both sides to exponent 2:
8 x=(4)2=16
x=2

Remainder Theorem
MEDIUM f ( x )=2 x 2+ 2 x +4
40. If f ( x )=2 x 2+ 2 x +4 ,what is f(2)? f ( 2 ) =2(2)2 +2 ( 2 ) +4=16
A. 4x+2
B. 16
C. x 2+ x+2
D. 8

MEDIUM f ( x )=x 3 + 4 x2 −3 x +8 ; divisor =x−5

41. The polynomial x 3+ 4 x 2−3 x +8 is divided by x-5, then the Note: Using remainder theorem, remainder= f(5).
remainder is, Remainder=(5)3 + 4(5)2−3 ( 5 )+ 8=218
A. 175
B. 140
C. 218
 D. 200

HARD
42. Find the quotient of 3 x 5−4 x3 +2 x 2+36 x + 48 divided by x 3−2 x 2+6.
A. 3 x 2−4 x −8
B. 3 x 2+ 4 x +8
C. 3 x 2−6 x−8
D. 3 x 2+ 6 x +8

MEDIUM f ( y ) =4 y 3 +18 y 2 +8 y−4

43. Find the remainder if we divide 4 y 3+ 18 y 2 +8 y −4 by ( 2 y−3 ) . −3
A. 10
B. 11
divisor =2 y+ 3= y − [ ] 2
Note: Using remainder theorem,
C. 15 −3
D. 13 Remainder=f [ ] 2

−3
f [ ]
2
=4 ¿

−3
f [ ]
2
=11

MEDIUM f ( x )=( x +3 ) ( x−4 ) +4

44. Given: f ( x )=( x +3 ) ( x−4 ) +4. When f(x) is divided by (x-k), the 2
f ( x )=x −4 x +3 x−12+ 4
remainder is k. Find k. f ( x )=x 2−x−8
A. 2 Remainder=f ( x )
B. 4
f ( k )=k 2−k −8
C. 6
D. 8
Substitute the given remainder =k in equation 1:
k =k 2 −k−8
k 2−2 k−8=0
 ( k −4 ) ( k +2 )=0
k =4
k =−2

HARD f ( x )=x 4 + ax 3+5 x 2 +bx +6

45. The expression x 4 +ax 3 +5 x 2+ bx+6 when divided by (x-2) leaves Note: Remainder=f ( r ) .
a remainder of 16 and when divided by (x+1) leaves a when divisor is ( x −2 ) , r =2∧f ( r )=16
remainder of 10. Find a and b. f ( r )=24 + a(2)3 +5 (2)2 +b ( 2 ) +6
A. a=5, b=7 f ( r )=8 a+2 b+ 42
B. a=-5, b=7 16=8 a+2 b+ 42
C. a=-5, b=-7 −26=8 a+2 b
D. a=5, b=-7 b=−13−4 a

When divisor is ( x+1 ) , r=−1∧f ( r ) =10

f ( r )=(−1)4 + a(−1)3+ 5(−1)2+b (−1 )+ 6
f ( r )=−a−b+12
2=a+b
Substitute equation 1 in equation 2:
2=a+ (−13−4 a )
−3 a=15
a=−5

b=−13−4 (−5)
b=7

Properties of proportion
EASY x+ y y+z x+z
=a ; =b ; =c
46. The mean of x and y is a, the mean of y and z is b and the mean 2 2 2
of x and z is c. What is the mean of x, y and z? By adding a, b and c:
a+b+ c x + y y + z x+ z
A. a+ b+c= + +
3 2 2 2
a+b+ c 1
B. a+ b+c= [ 2 x+2 y +2 z ]
2 2
a+b+ c a+ b+c=x + y + z
C.
abc x + y + z a+b+ c
Mean= =
3 3
 abc
D.
a+b+ c

EASY Let x= the mean proportion 4 and 36

47. Find the mean proportional of 4 and 36. 4 x
=
A. 72 x 36
B. 24 x 2=144
C. 12 x=12
D. 20
Sanfoundry (Classification of Solids)
https://www.sanfoundry.com/engineering-physics-questions-answers-
classification-solids/
EASY x
Arithmetic mean= =55
48. The arithmetic mean of 80 numbers is 55. If two numbers 80
namely 250 and 850 are removed, what is the arithmetic mean x=80 ( 55 ) =4400
of the remaining numbers? y=new Arithmetic mean
A. 42.31 x−( 250+ 850 )
B. 50 y=
80−2
C. 38.62 y=42.31
D. 57.12

EASY Let x= the first number

49. The arithmetic mean of 6 numbers is 17. If two numbers are x+4= the second number
added to the progression, the new set of numbers will have an y= sum of the original 6 numbers.
arithmetic mean of 19. What are the two numbers if their
difference is 4? y
Arithmetic mean= =17
A. 21, 25 6
B. 23, 27 y=17 ( 6 )=102
C. 8, 12 y+ x+ ( x + 4 )
D. 16, 20 =19
6+2
102+ 2 x +4
=19
8
106+2 x=19 ( 8 )
2 x=46
x=23
 x +4=27

Age Problems
MEDIUM Past Present
50. Mary is 24 years old. Mary is twice as old as Ann was when Mary was Mary x 24
as old as Ann is now. How old is Ann now? Anny 12 x
A. 16 24 – x=x – 12
B. 18 2 x=36
C. 12 X =18
D. 15

HARD Present Future

51. The sum of Kim’s and Kevin’s ages is 18. In 3 years, Kim will be Kevin x x+3
twice as old as Kevin. What are their ages now? Kim y y+3
A. 4, 14 X + y = 18
B. 5, 13 Y = 18 – x -> equation 1
C. 7, 11 ( y + 3 ) = 2 (x + 3 ) -> equation 2
Substitute y in equation 2:
D. 6, 12
(18 – x )+ 3=2 x+ 6
21 – x=2 x+ 6
X =5
Y =18 – 5
Y =13

MEDIUM
52. Robert is 15 ears older than his brother Stan. However “y” years ago, Past Present
Robert was twice as old as Stan. If Stan is now “b” years old and b>y, Robert b + 15 – y b + 15
find the value of (b – y) Stan b–y b
A. 15 (b+ 15 – y)=2(b – y )
B. 16 b+15 – y=2 b – 2 y
C. 17 2 b – b – 2 y + y =15
b – y=15
D. 18

MEDIUM Past Present

 53. JJ is three times as old as Jan-Jan. Three years ago, JJ was four times JJ 3x – 3 3x
as old as Jan-Jan. The sum of their ages is Jan-Jan x–3 x
A. 20 3x – 3 = 4 ( x – 3 )
B. 24 3x – 3 = 4x – 12
C. 28 x – 12 = 3
x=9
D. 36
3x = 3 ( 9 )
3x = 27
Sum of the ages = 9 + 27 = 36

MEDIUM Let: x = age of the girl

54. A girls is one-third as old as her brother and 8 years younger than her y = age of her brother
sister. The sum of their ages is 38 years. How old is the girl? z = age of her sister
A. 4 y = 3x -> Eq. 1
B. 5 z=X+8 -> Eq. 2
C. 6 x + y + z = 38 -> Eq. 3
Substitute equations 1 & 2 in equation 3:
D. 7
x + 3x + (x + 8) = 38
x=6

EASY Past Present

55. Paula is now 18 years old and his colleague Monica is 14 years old. Paula 18 – x 18
How many years ago was Paula twice as old as Monica? Monica 14 – x 14
A. 5 (18 – x )=2(14 – x)
B. 7 18 – x=28 – 2 x
C. 8 x=10
D. 10

HARD Past Present

56. A father tells his son, “I was your age now when you were born.” If Father x 38
the father is now 38 years old, how old was his son 2 years ago? Son 0 x
A. 15 Two years ago, the son was
B. 17 (19 – 2)=17 years old
C. 19
D. 21
HARD Past Present Future In five years
57. Six years ago, Nilda was five times as old as Riza. In five years, Nilda Nilda 5(x – 6) ? 3(x + 5)
will be three times as old as Riza. What is the present age of Riza? Riza x–6 x x+5
A. 17 3(x +5) – 5(x +6)=x +5 – (x+ 6)
B. 16 3 x+ 15 – 5 x+30=x+ 5 – x+ 6
C. 15 −2 x+ 45=11
x=17
D. 14

MEDIUM Past Present Future

58. At present, the sum of the parents’ ages is twice the sum of the Parents 2x – 10 2x 2x + 30
children’s ages. Five years ago, the sum of the parent’s ages was 4 Children x – 5n x x + 15n
times the sum of the children’s ages. Fifteen years hence, the sum of 2 x – 10=4 (x – 5 n)
the parents’ ages will be equal to the sum of the children’s ages. How 2 x – 10=4 x – 20 n
many children are there? 2 x=20 n – 10
A. 3 x=10 n – 5 -> Eq. 1
B. 4
C. 5 2 x+30=x +15 n
x=15 n – 30 -> Eq. 2
D. 6
Equate equations 1 and 2:
15 n – 30=10 n – 5
N=5

MEDIUM
59. Debbie is now twice as old as Jerry. Four years ago, Debbie was three Past Present
times as old as Jerry then. How old is Debbie? Debbie 3(x – 4) 2x
A. 14 Jerry x–4 x
B. 16 2 x – 3 (x – 4)= x – ( x – 4)
C. 18 2 x – 3 x +12=x – x +4
−x +12=4
D. 24
x=8
2 x=16

Mixture Problem
HARD 25% + 35% + 10% = x%
 60. Ten liters of 25% salt solution and 15 liters of 35% salt solution are 10 15 30 55
poured into a drum originally containing 30 liters of 10% salt solution. 0.25(10)+0.35( 15)+0.10 (30)=x (55)
What is the percent concentration of salt in the mixture? x=19.55 %
A. 19.55%
B. 22.15%
C. 27.05%
D. 25.72%

MEDIUM 35% + 50% = 40%

61. A Chemist of a distillery experimented on two alcohol solutions of x 60-x 60
different strength, 35% alcohol and 50% alcohol, respectively. How For the 35% solution:
many cubic meters of each strength must he use in order to produce a 0.35 % (x)+0.50(60−x )=0.40( 60)
mixture of 60 cubic meters that contain 40% alcohol? 0.35 x+ 30−0.50 x=24
A. 20 m³ of solution with 35% alcohol, 40 m³ of solution with 50% x=40 m³
alcohol For 50% solution:
B. 50 m³ of solutoin with 35% alcohol, 20 m³ of solution with 50% 60 – x=20→m³
alcohol
C. 20 m³ of solution with 35% alcohol, 50 m³ of solution with 50%
alcohol
D. 40 m³ of solution with 35% alcohol, 20 m³ of solution with
50% alcohol

EASY
62. A goldsmith has two alloys of gold, the first being 70% pure and the 70% + 60% = 36%
second being 60% pure. How many ounces of the 30% pure gold must 100-x x 100
be used to make 100 ounces of an alloy which will be 66% gold? 0.70(100−x)+0.60 (x)=0.66(100)
A. 40 70−0.7 x+ 0.6 x =66
B. 35 x=40 ounces
C. 45
D. 38

MEDIUM 14% + 6% = 8%
 63. Two thousand (2000) kg of steel containing 8% nickel is to be made X 2000-x 2000
by mixing a steel containing 14%% nickel with another containing 6% For 14% substances
nickel. How much of each is neede? 0.14 ( x)+0.06 (2000−x )=0.08(2000)
A. 1500 kg of steel with 14% nickel, 500 kg of steel with 6% nickel 0.14 x +120 – 0.06 x=160
B. 750 kg of steel with 14% nickel, 1250 kg of steel with 6% nickel x=500 kg
C. 500 kg of steel with 14% nickel, 1500 kg of steel with 6% nickel For 6% substance:
2000 – x=1500 kg
D. 1250 kg of steel with 14% nickel, 750 kg of steel with 6% nickel

MEDIUM 4% - 0% = 10%
64. How much water must be evaporated from 10 kg solution wich has 4% 10 x 10-x
salt to make a solution of 10% salt? 0.04 (10) – 0(x)=0.10(10 – x )
A. 4 kg 0.4=1 – 0.1 x
B. 5 kg x=6 kg
C. 6 kg
D. 7 kg

Work Problems
HARD 1 1 1
+ =
65. A pump can pump out water form a tank in 11 hours. Another pump 20 11 x
can pump out water from the same tank in 20 hours. How long will it X =7.096 hours
take both pumps to pump out the water in the tank?
A. 7 hours
B. 6 hours
C. 7 ½ hours
D. 6 ½ hours

MEDIUM 1 1 1 1
+ − =
66. A 400-mm pipe can fill the tank alone in 5 hours and another 600-mm 5 4 20 x
pipe can fill the tank alone in 4 hours. A drain pipe 300-mm can empty X =2.5 hours
the tank in 20 hours. With all the three pipes open, how long will it
take to fill the tank?
A. 2.00 hours
 B. 2.50 hours
C. 2.25 hours
D. 2.75 hours

EASY 1 1 1
− =
67. A tank is filled with an intake pipe in 2 hours and emptied by an outlet 2 4 x
pipe in 4 hours. If both pipes are opened, how long will it take to fill x=4 hours
the empty tank?
A. 3 hours
B. 4 hours
C. 5 hours
D. 6 hours

MEDIUM 1 1 1 1
+ – = x
68. A tank can be filled in 9 hours by one pipe, 12 hours by a second pipe 9 12 15 x
and can be drained when full by a third pipe in 15 hours. How long x = 7.826 hours / 7 hours and 50 minutes
will it take to fill an empty tank with all pipes in operation?
A. 7 hours and 12 minutes
B. 7 hours and 32 minutes
C. 7 hours and 42 minutes
D. 7 hours and 50 minutes

EASY Let: n = number of days neede to complete the work

69. If A can do the work in “x” days and B in “y” days, how long will 1 1 1
+ =
they finish the job working together? x y n
A. (X+Y)/(xy) 1 x+ y
=
B. (X+Y)/2 n xy
C. (xy)/(X+Y) xy
n=
D. √xy x +y

EASY Let: A = number of hours, Pedro can paint the house

70. Pedro can paint a fence 50% faster than Juan and 25% faster than Pilar, B = number of hours, Juan can paint the house
and together they can paint a given fence in 4 hours. How long will it C = number of hours, Pilar can paint the house
 take Pedro to paint the same fence if he had to work alone? 1 1 1
+ + =¼ -> Eq. 1
A. 6 A B C
B. 8 1 1 1 1
=1.5( ); =0.666( ) ->Eq. 2
C. 10 A B B A
D. 12 1 1 1 1
=1.2( ); =0.833( ) ->Eq. 3
A C C A
Substitute equations 2 & 3 in equation 1:
1 1 1
+ 0.666( )+0.833( )=¼
A A A
A=10 hours

EASY Note: (rate)(time )=1(complete job)

71. Glenn can paint a house in 9 hours while Stewart can paint the same 1 1 1
( + ) 4+ ( x)=1
house in 16 hours. They work together for 4 hours. After 4 hours, 9 16 9
Stewart left and Glenn finished the job alone. How many more days 0.6944+ 0.111 x=1
did it take Glenn to finish the job? x=2.75 hours
A. 2.75
B. 2.50
C. 2.25
D. 3.00

MEDIUM Let: x = time for Butch to finish a certain job working alone
72. It takes Butch twice as long as it takes Dan to do a certain piece of y = time for Dan to finish a certain job working alone
work. Working together they can do the work in 6 days. How long it 1 + 1 = 1
->Eq. 1
take Dan to do it alone? x y 6
A. 9 x=2 y ->Eq. 2
B. 10 Substitute equation 2 in equation 1:
C. 11 1 1 1
+ =
D. 12 2 y y 6
1+ 2 1
=
2y 6
y=9 days

HARD 1 1 1
+ = ->Eq. 1
73. A and B working together can finigsh painting a house in 6 days. A A B 6
 working alone can finish it in 5 days less than B. how long will it take A=B – 5 ->Eq. 2
each of them to finish the work alone? Substitute equation 2 in equation 1:
A. 8, 13 1 1 1
+ =
B. 10, 15 B−5 B 6
C. 6, 11 B+(B+5) 1
=
D. 7, 12 B(B−5) 6
2 B−5 1
=
B ²−5 B 6
12 B – 30=B ²−5 B
B ²−17 B+30=0
( B – 15)(B – 2)=0
B=15
B=2(absurd)
Substitute B = 15 in equation 2
A=15 – 5=10 days
MEDIUM Let: x = number of days neede by A, B and C to finished the work working
74. A and B can do a piece of work in 42 days, B and C in 31 days and C together.
and A in 20 days. In how many days can all of them do the work 1/ A+1/ B+1/C=1/ X
together? 1/ A+1/ B=1/ 42 ->Eq.1
A. 19 1/B +1/C=1/31 ->Eq.2
B. 17 1/C+1 / A=1/20 ->Eq.3
C. 21 Add the three equations:
(1/ A+1/ B)+(1/B+ 1/C)+(1/C+ 1/ A)=1/42+1/31+1/20
D. 15
2/ A+2/ B+2/C=0.106
1/ A+1/ B+1/C=0.053=1/ X
x=18.37 days∨19 days

MEDIUM Let: x = time for Myline to finish the job

75. It takes Myline twice as long as Jeana to do a certain piece of work. y = time for Jeana to finish the job
Working together, they can finish the work in 6 hours. How long 1/ x+ 1/ y=1/6 ->Eq.1
would it take Jeana to do it alone? 1/x = 2(1/y) ->Eq.2
A. 9 hours Substitute equation 2 in equation 1:
B. 18 hours 2/ y +1/ y=1/6
C. 12 hours 3/ y =1/6
y=18 ho urs
D. 14 hours
HARD Let: x = fraction on the lawn that can mowed after one hour
76. Mike, Loui and Joy can mow the lawn in 4, 6 and 7 hours respectively. x=(1/4+ 1/6+1/7)(1)
What fraction of the yard can they mow in 1 hour if they work x=(42+28+24 )/168
together? x=94 /168∨47/84
A. 47/84
B. 45/84
C. 84/47
D. 39/60

MEDIUM Let: x = time for the farmer to flow the field

77. A farmer can plow the field in 8 days. After working for 3 days, his y = time for the son to flow the field
son joins him and together they plow the field in 3 more days. How (3)(1/ x)+(1/x +1/ y )(3)=1 ->Eq.1
many days will it require for the son to plow the field alone? Substitute x = 8 in equation 1
A. 10 (1/8(3)+(1/8+1/ y)(3)=1)1/ 3
B. 11 1/8+1/8+1 / y =1/3
C. 12 y=12 days
D. 13

HARD Let: x = number of man-hours neede by crew number 1 and number 2 to

78. Crew No. 1 can finish installation of an antenna tower in 200 man- finish the job
hour while Crew No. 2 can finish the same job in 300 man-hour. How 1/200+1/300=1 /x
long will it take both crews to finish the same job, working together? x=120 man−hours
A. 100 man-hour
B. 120 man-hour
C. 140 man-hour
D. 160 man-hour

EASY Let: x = capacity of the larger shovel in m³/hr

79. On one job, two power shovels excavate 20,000 cubic meters of earth, y = capacity of the smaller shovel in m³/hr
the larger shovel working 40 hours and the smaller for 35 hours. On 40 x +35 y=20000
another job, they removed 40,000 cubic meters with the larger shovel x=500 – 0.875 y ->Eq.1
 working 70 hours and the smaller working 90 hours, how much earth 70 x+ 90 y=40000 ->Eq.2
can each remove in 1 hour working alone? Substitute equation 1 in equation 2:
A. 169.2, 287.3 70(500 – 0.875 y )+90 y=40000
B. 178.3, 294.1 35000 – 61.25 y +90 y=40000
C. 173.9, 347.8 y=173.9 m ³ /hr
D. 200.1, 312.4 x=500 – 0.875 (173.9)
x=347.8 m ³.hr

WORD PROBLEM
MEDIUM Let: x = ten’s digit of the number
80. If a two digit number has x for its unit’s digit and y for its ten’s digit, y = units’ digit of the number
represent the number. The tow digit number is represented by:
A. 10x + y 10 y + x
B. 10y+ x
C. yx
D. xy

MEDIUM Let: x = first number

81. One number is 5 less than the other. If their sum is 135, what are the x – 5 = second number
numbers? x +(x – 5)=135
A. 85, 50 2 x=140
B. 80, 55 X =70
C. 70, 65 X – 5=65
D. 75, 60

MEDIUM  Let: x = the number

82. Ten less than four times a certain number is 14. Determine the number. 4 x – 1 c=14
A. 6 x=6
B. 7
C. 8
D. 9

HARD Let: x = the first number

 83. The sum of two number is 21 and one number is twice the other. Find 2x = the second number
the numbers. x +2 x=21
A. 6, 15 x=7
B. 7, 14 2 x=14
C. 8, 13
D. 9, 12

HARD
84. If eight is added to the product of nine and the numerical number, the Let: x = the number
sum is seventy-one. Find the unknown number. 9 x +8=71
A. 5 x=7
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8

HARD Let x/y = the fraction

85. Find the fraction such that if 2 is subtracted from its terms its becomes ( x – 2)/( y – 2)=¼
¼, but if 4 is added to its terms it becomes ½. 4 x – 8= y – 2
A. 3/5 y=4 x – 6→ Eq .1
B. 5/12 ( x +4 )/( y +4 )=½
C. 5/14 2 x+ 8= y + 4→ Eq .2
D. 6/13 Substitute equation 1 in equation 2:
2 x+ 8=(4 x – 6)+ 4
10=2 x
x=5
y=4 (5) – 6
y=14
HARD Let: x = the number
86. The product of ¼ and 1/5 of a number is 500. What is the number? (1/4 (x ))(1/ 5( x ))=500
A. 50 x ²/20=500
B. 75 x ²=10000
C. 100 x=100
D. 125
HARD Let x/y = the fraction
87. If 3 are subtracted from the numerator of a certain fraction, the value ( x−3)/ y=3 /5
of the fraction becomes 3/5. If 1 is subtracted from the denominator of 3 y=5 x – 15
the same fraction it becomes 2/3. Find the original fraction. Y =5 /3 x – 5→ Eq .1
A. 35/55 x /( y – 1)=2/3
B. 36/55 3 x=2 y – 2→Eq .2
C. 3/7 Substitute equation 1 in equation 2
D. 32/41 3 x=2(5 /3 x−5)−2
3 x=10/3 x – 10 – 2
0.333 x=12
X =36
Y =5 /3(36) – 5=55

HARD Let: x = numerator of the fraction

88. The denominator of a certain fraction is three more than twice the y = denominator of the fraction
numerator. If 7 is added to both terms of the fraction, the resulting y=2 x +3→ Eq .1
fraction is 3/5. Find the original fraction. ( x +7)/( y +7)=3 /5
A. 8/5 5 x+ 35=3 y +21→ Eq .2
B. 13/5 Substitue equation 1 in equation 2:
C. 5/13 5 x+ 35=3( 2 x +3)+ 21
D. 3/5 5 x+ 35=6 x +9+21
x=5
y=2(5)+3
y=13
HARD Let: x = the first number
89. Find the product of two numbers such that twice the first added to the y = the second number
second equals 19 and three times the first is 21 more than the second. 2 x+ y =19
A. 24 y=19 – 2 x → Eq .1
B. 32 3 x= y +21→ Eq .2
C. 18 Substitute equation 1 in equation 2:
3 x=(19 – 2 x )+ 21
D. 20
5 x=40
X =8
Y =19 – 2(8)
Y =3
The product of the numbers is 8(3) = 24
HARD Let: t = ten’s digit of the number
90. The tens’ digit of a number is 3 less than the units’ digit. If the number u = unit’s digit of the number
is divided by the sum of the digits, the quotient is 4 and the remainder Number = 10t + u
is 3. What is the original number? t=u – 3 →Eq .1
A. 36 (10 t+u)/(t+u)=4+ 3/(t +u)
B. 47 (10 t+u – 3)/(t+ u)=4
C. 58 10 t+u – 3=4 t+ 4 u
D. 69 6 t – 3=3 u→ Eq .2
Substitute equation 1 in equation 2:
6(u – 3) – 3=3 u
6 u – 18−3=3 u
3 u=21
u=7
t=7 – 3
t=4
Number =10(4 )+7
Number =47
HARD Let: w = first number
91. The Second of the four numbers is three less than the first, the third is x = second number
four more than the first and fourth is two more than the third. Find the y = third number
fourth number if their sum is 35. z = fourth number
A. 10 x=w – 3→ Eq .1 a
B. 11 y=w+ 4→ Eq .2
C. 12 z= y +2=(w+4 )+ 2
z=w+6→ Eq .3
D. 13
w + x+ y+ z =35→ Eq.4
Substitue equation 1, 2, and 3 in equation 4:
w +( w – 3)+(w+4 )+(w +6)=35
4 w=28
w=7
Substitute w = 7 ni equation 3
z=7+ 6
z=13
MOTION PROBLEM
HARD
92. A jogger starts a course at a steady rate of 8 kph. Five minutes later, a
second jogger starts the same course at 10 kph. How long will it take
the second jogger to catch the first?
A. 20 min
B. 21 min
C. 22 min
D. 18 min

Let: V1 = velocity of the first jogger

V2 = velocity of the second jogger
8 km 1 hr 8
v 1= x = km/min
hr 60 min 60
10
v 2= km/min
60
s 1=s 2
v 1 t 1=v 2 t 2
8 /60 t 1=10/60(t 1−5)
8 t 1=10t 1 – 50
t 1=25 min
t 2=25 – 5
t 2=20 min
HARD
93. A boat man rows to a place 4.8 miles with the stream and back in 14
hours, but finds that he can row 14 miles with the stream in the same
time as 3 miles against the stream. Find the rate of the stream.
A. 1.5 miles per hour
B. 1 mile per hour
C. 0.8 mile per hour
D. 0.6 mile per hour

4.8 4.8
+ =14
v 1+ v 2 v 1−v 2

4.8 ( v 1+v 2 ) +4.8 (v 1+ v 2)

=14
( v 1+ v 2 ) (v 1−v 2)
4.8 v 1−4.8 v 2+ 4.8 v 1+4.8 v 2
=14
v 1 ²−v 1 v 2+ v 1 v 2−v 2²

9.6 v 1=14 v 1 ²−14 v 2 ² ->Eq.1

14 3
=
v 1+ v 2 v 1−v 2
14 v 1−14 v 2=3 v 1+3 v 2
v 1=1.545 v 2 ->Eq.2
Substitute equation 2 in equation 1
49.6 ( 1.545 v 2 )=14 ( 1.545 v 2 )2−14 v 2²
 14.8432 v 2=19.418 v 2 ²
V 2=0.76 mph
HARD distance
Note: time=
94. A man rows downstream at the rate of 5 mph and upstream at the rate velocity
of 2 mph. How far downstream should he go if he is to return 7/4
hours after leaving?
A. 2.5 miles
B. 3.3 miles
C. 3.1 miles
D. 2.7 miles
t 1+t 2=ttotal
s s 7
+ =
5 2 4
s=2.5 miles

HARD
95. An airplane flying with the wind, look 2 hours to travel 1000 km and
2.5 hours in flying back. What was the wind velocity in kph?
A. 50
B. 60
C. 70
D. 40

Let: V1 = velocity of airplane

V2 = velocity of wind
1000
v 1+ v 2= =500 Eq.1
2
Direction of the wind 
 1000
v 1−v 2= =400 Eq.2
2.5
Subtract equation 2 from equation 1
( v 1+ v 2 )− ( v 1−v 2 )=500−400
2 v 2=100
v 2=50 kph

HARD Let: V = velocity of the boat in still water

96. A boat travels downstsream in 2/3 of the time as it goes going S1 = distance traveled upstream
upstream. If the velocity of the river’s current is 8 kph, determine the S2 = distance traveled downstream
velocity of the boat in still water. s 1=s 2
A. 40 kph 2
B. 50 kph ( )
( v−8 ) t=( v +8 ) t
3
C. 30 kph 2 16
v−8= v +
D. 60 kph 3 3
v=40 kph

HARD Let: v1 = ground speed of plane A

97. Two planes leave Manila for a southern city, a distance of 900 km. v2 = ground speed of plane B
Plane A travels at a ground speed of 90 kph faster than the Plane B. s 1=s 2
Plane A arrives in their destination 2 hours and 15 minutes ahead of Vt =( V +90 ) ( t−2.25 )
Plane B. what is the ground speed of Plane B? 900
But t=
A. 205 kph v
B. 315 kph 900
C. 240 kph
2.25 V −90 ( )
v
+202.5=0
Multiply both sides by V:
 D. 287 kph 2.25 V 2−81000+202.5 V =0
2.25 V 2−81000+202.5 V =0
Divide all by 2.25
V 2 +90 v −36000=0
( V −240 )( V +150 ) =0
V =240 kph
V =−150 kph(absurd )
HARD Let: t = time needed to travel and reach destination without any delay
98. A train, an hour after starting, meets with an accident which detains it v = velocity of the train
an hour, after which it proceeds at 3/5 of its former rate and arrives General Equation:
three hour after time; but had the accident happened 50 miles farther Time consumed by the train traveling, before the accident + time
on the line, it would have arrive one and one-half hour sooner. Find the during which the train was detained + time needed to continue the course
length of the journey. and reach the destination = time needed to travel and reach the destination
A. 910/9 miles without any delay + time of delay
B. 800/9 miles Condition 1:
C. 920/9 miles If the accident happened 1 hour after, substitute values to the general
equations.
D. 850/9 miles
S−V
1+1+ =t +3
3
V
5
S−V
=t +1
3
V
5
S
Substitute: t= :
V
5 S
( S−V ) = +1
3V V
2 S 8
=
3V 3
S
V= -> Eq.1
4
Condition 2:
If the accident happened 50 miles farther, substitute values to the
general equation:
 50+V S− (50+ V ) 3
+1+ =t+
V 3 2
V
5
50+V 5 S 1
[ V
+
3V
( S−50−V )= + V
V 2 ]
5 250 5 V
50+V + S− − V =S+
3 3 3 2
Substitute equation 1 in above equation:
S 5 250 5 S 1 S 100
50+ + S−
4 3 3
− ()
3 4
=S +
24
−
3
800
S= miles
9

HARD Let: V = rated of Erwin

99. On a certain trip, Edgar drive 231 km in exactly the same time as V-13 = rate of Edgar
Erwin drive 308 km. If Erwin’s rate exceeded that of Edgar by 13 kph, t 1=t 2
determine the rate of Erwin. 231 308
=
A. 39 kph V −13 V
B. 44 kph 231 V =308 V −4004
C. 48 kph V =52 kph
D. 52 khp