DIFFERENCES IN THE INCIDENTS OF

COVID-19 BY CITY/DISTRICT IN RIAU PROVINCE

Adia Fitri Septi. S.Ked., Andi Amalia. S.Ked., Dini Rizki Andini. S.Ked., Diny
Supriana Wirdatul Thoibah. S.Ked., Novindo Denni Daminja. S.Ked.

ABSTRACT

Background: Coronavirus is a Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) virus with a particle size of 120-
160 nm. The etiology of COVID-19 is included in the genus beta coronavirus, which
belongs to the same subgenus as the coronavirus that caused the Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2002-2004, namely Sarbecovirus. SARS-CoV-2 originated
from bats which then mutated and infected humans. SARS-CoV-2 transmission from
symptomatic patients occurs via droplets that are released when coughing or sneezing. The
spread of SARS-CoV-2 from human to human became the main source of transmission, so
the spread became more aggressive. Common signs and symptoms of COVID-19 infection
are symptoms of acute respiratory distress such as fever, cough, and shortness of breath. In
severe cases, COVID-19 can cause pneumonia, acute respiratory syndrome, kidney failure,
and even death. On January 7, 2020, China identified the case as a new type of coronavirus.
On March 11, 2020, WHO has declared COVID-19 a pandemic. Indonesia reported its first
case on March 2, 2020. As of July 9, 2020, the Ministry of Health reported 70,736
confirmed COVID-19 cases with 3,417 deaths (CFR 4.8%). The mortality rate for COVID-
19 in Indonesia is 8.9%, this figure is the highest in Southeast Asia. Currently, the COVID-
19 situation at the global and national levels is still at a very high risk.
Purpose: This study aims to determine the differences in the incidence of Covid-19 based
on cities/regencies in Riau Province.
Methods: This research is a quantitative study, namely descriptive observational analytic
with the cross-sectional approach. The sampling method used was the total sampling
technique. The population of this study were all individuals residing in the City/Regency of
Riau Province. The sample of this study were individuals diagnosed with Covid-19 in the
City/Regency of Riau Province. This study uses secondary data types obtained or collected
from the Covid-19 incident data from the Riau Provincial Health Office in 2020 then
recapitulated and analyzed with the Mann-Whitney test.
Results: There is a significant difference in the incidence of Covid-19 between Rokan
downstream and Pekanbaru City with an Asymp. Sig value of 0,022 and the incidence of
Covid-19 Indragiri upstream and Pekanbaru City having an Asymp. Sig value of 0,025.
And there is no significant difference in the incidence of Covid-19 between Rokan
Downstream vs Rokan Upstream Asymp. Sig value 0,184, Rokan Downstream vs Kampar
Asymp. Sig value 0,097, Rokan Downstream vs Kuantan Singingi Asymp. Sig value 0,393,
Rokan Downstream - Indragiri Upstream Asymp. Sig value 0,305, Rokan Downstream -
Indragiri Downstream Asymp. Sig value 0,097, Rokan Downstream - Pelalawan Asymp.
Sig value 0,097, Rokan Downstream - Kep. Meranti Asymp. Sig value 0,305, Rokan
Downstream - Siak Asymp. Sig value 0,135, Rokan Downstream - Bengkalis Asymp. Sig
value 0,073, Rokan Downstream - Dumai Asymp. Sig value 0,097, Rokan Downstream -
Pekanbaru Asymp. Sig value 0,022, Rokan Upstream - Kampar Asymp. Sig value 0,229,
Rokan Upstream - Kuantan Singingi Asymp. Sig value 0,872, Rokan Upstream - Indragiri
Upstream Asymp. Sig value 0,872, Rokan Upstream - Indragiri Downstream Asymp. Sig
value 0,297, Rokan Upstream - Pelalawan Asymp. Sig value 0,229, Rokan Upstream - Kep.
Meranti Asymp. Sig value 0,747, Rokan Upstream - Siak Asymp. Sig value 0,575, Rokan
Upstream - Bengkalis Asymp. Sig value 0,262, Rokan Upstream - Dumai Asymp. Sig value
0,128, Rokan Upstream - Pekanbaru Asymp. Sig value 0,055, Kampar - Kuantan Singingi
Asymp. Sig Value 0,420, Kampar - Indragiri Upstream Asymp. Sig value 0,259, Kampar -
Indragiri Downstream Asymp. Sig value 0,688, Kampar - Pelalawan Asymp. Sig value
0,810, Kampar - Kep. Meranti Asymp. Sig value 0,629, Kampar - Siak Asymp. Sig value
0,936, Kampar - Bengkalis Asymp. Sig value 0,749, Kampar - Dumai Asymp. Sig value
0,470, Kampar - Pekanbaru Asymp. Sig value 0,200, Kuantan Singingi - Indragiri
Upstream Asymp. Sig value 0,744, Kuantan Singingi - Indragiri Downstream, Asymp. Sig
value 0,333, Kuantan Singingi - Pelalawan Asymp. Sig value 0,420, Kuantan Singingi -
Kep. Meranti Asymp. Sig value 0,629, Kuantan Singingi - Siak Asymp. Sig value 0,629,
Kuantan Singingi - Bengkalis Asymp. Sig value 0,336, Kuantan Singingi - Dumai, Asymp.
Sig value 0,197, Kuantan Singingi - Pekanbaru Asymp. Sig value 0,054, Indragiri
Upstream - Indragiri Downstream, Asymp. Sig value 0,147, Indragiri Upstream -
Pelalawan, Asymp. Sig value 0,107, Indragiri Upstream - Kep. Meranti Asymp. Sig value
0,328, Indragiri Upstream - Siak, Asymp. Sig value 0,629, Indragiri Upstream - Bengkalis
Asymp. Sig value 0,109, Indragiri Upstream - Dumai Asymp. Sig value 0,076, Indragiri
Upstream - Pekanbaru Asymp. Sig value 0,025, Indragiri Downstream - Pelalawan Asymp.
Sig value 0,575, Indragiri Downstream - Kep. Meranti Asymp. Sig value 0,333, Indragiri
Downstream - Siak, Asymp. Sig value 0,575, Indragiri Downstream - Bengkalis Asymp.
Sig value 0,749, Indragiri Downstream - Dumai, Asymp. Sig value 0,936, Indragiri
Downstream - Pekanbaru Asymp. Sig value 0,262, Pelalawan - Kep. Meranti Asymp. Sig
value 1,000, Pelalawan - Siak Asymp. Sig value 0,688, Pelalawan - Bengkalis Asymp. Sig
value 0,631, Pelalawan - Dumai Asymp. Sig value 0,378, Pelalawan - Pekanbaru Asymp.
Sig value 0,150, Kep. Meranti - Siak Asymp. Sig value 0,747, Kep. Meranti - Bengkalis
Asymp. Sig value 0,336, Kep. Meranti - Dumai Asymp. Sig value 0,107, Kep. Meranti -
Pekanbaru Asymp. Sig value 0,078, Siak - Bengkalis Asymp. Sig value 0,749, Siak -
Dumai Asymp. Sig value 0,575, Siak - Pekanbaru Asymp. Sig value 0,200, Bengkalis -
Dumai Asymp. Sig value 0,631, Bengkalis - Dumai Asymp. Sig value 0,109 and Dumai –
Pekanbaru Asymp. Sig value 0,262
Conclusion: There is a significant difference, in the incidence of Covid-19 between Rokan
downstream and Pekanbaru City with the Asymp. Sig value of 0,022 and the Covid-19
incidence of Indragiri upstream and Pekanbaru City has an Asymp. Sig value of 0,025.
Apart from Rokan downstream with Pekanbaru and Indragiri downstream with Pekanbaru,
there is no significant difference in the incidence of Covid-19 in cities/districts throughout
Riau Province.
Keywords: Keywords: Covid-19 Incidents, City of Riau Province, District of Riau
Province.