Pref - 1 - Vocabulary 3.1 - Revisión Del Intento

21/10/21 15:44 pref_1_Vocabulary 3.
1: Revisión del intento
ÁREA PERSONAL MIS CURSOS 10399 THIRD TERM PREF_1_VOCABU…
Comenzado el jueves, 21 de octubre de 2021, 15:41

Estado Finalizado
Finalizado en jueves, 21 de octubre de 2021, 15:44
Tiempo empleado 2 minutos 51 segundos
Puntos 100,00/100,00
Calificación 5,00 de 5,00 (100%)

https://202150.aulasuniminuto.edu.co/mod/quiz/review.php?attempt=51316&cmid=15208 1/10
21/10/21 15:44 pref_1_Vocabulary 3.1: Revisión del intento
Pregunta 1
Correcta
Puntúa 60,00 sobre 60,00
CLIMATE AND WEATHER

Talking about the climate and weather can be difficult. Here you are some important vocabulary to talk about it.
Watch the video and pay special attention to the pronunciation.
WEATHER (vocabulary)
Now, let's learn some new vocabulary about climate change:
Artic
The Arctic is a vast, ice-covered
ocean, surrounded by tree-less,
frozen ground. This habitat is home
to organisms living in and on the ice
including fish, marine mammals,
birds, land animals, and human
societies.
Atmosphere
The mixture of gases and aerosols

– the air – that surrounds the Earth
in layers protecting us from the
sun’s powerful ultraviolet (UV)
radiation, and even from meteors.
The atmosphere extends up to 20
miles above the Earth.
Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ) A heavy, colorless atmospheric gas.

It is emitted during respiration by
plants and by all animals, fungi, and
microorganisms that depend either
directly or indirectly on plants for
food. CO2 is also generated as a
byproduct of the burning of fossil
fuels or vegetable matter. CO2 is
absorbed from the air by plants
during their growth process. It is one
of the greenhouse gases.

Climate
The average weather for a particular

region over an extended time period.
In other words, climate is the
weather you would expect to have in
a particular region.
Climate Change
Major changes in temperature,

rainfall, snow, or wind patterns
lasting for decades or longer.
Climate change may result from
both natural processes and/or
human activities.
Emissions
The act or instance of discharging

(emitting) something into the air,
such as exhaust that comes out of
the tail pipe of a car or a
smokestack.
Fossil Fuels
Fossil fuels are natural substances

made deep within the Earth from the
remains of ancient plants and
animals. Over time, heat and
pressure turned the decomposing
remains into substances that act as
fuel to release energy when burned.
Coal, oil, and natural gas are the
three main fossil fuels.
Global Warming
An increase in the Earth's average

temperature, which in turn causes
changes in climate. This increase in
temperature is caused mainly by an
increase in greenhouse gases like
carbon dioxide and methane in the
atmosphere.

The effect produced by greenhouse

Greenhouse Effect gases allowing incoming solar
energy to pass through the Earth’s
atmosphere, but preventing most of
the outgoing heat from escaping
into space. The natural greenhouse
effect is necessary to maintain life
on earth, as it keeps the Earth 60ºF
warmer than it would be without the
presence of these gases.
Gases such as water vapor, carbon
dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide
Greenhouse Gases that allow incoming solar radiation
to pass through the Earth’s
atmosphere, but prevent most of the
outgoing infrared (heat) radiation
from the surface and lower
atmosphere from escaping into
outer space. Greenhouse gases are
present in the atmosphere from
both natural processes and human
activities such as burning fossil
fuels and driving cars.
Solar Radiation
The energy emitted by the sun. This

energy can be seen and felt as heat
in the sun’s rays.
Weather
The specific condition of the

atmosphere at a particular place
and time. It is measured in terms of
such things as wind, temperature,
humidity, atmospheric pressure,
cloudiness, and precipitation. In
most places, weather can change
from hour-to-hour, day-to-day, and
season-to-season
Now, let's put the vocabulary in practice:

1. We went to the beach last month. It was hot  and the sun was shining  . It was a great day.
2. Many Polar Bears are in difficult situations due to global warming  .
3. We can stop the climate change  if we take care of the planet.
4. Burning fossil fuels  cause most of greenhouse  gases.
5. Weather is an especific condition of the atmosphere 
Let's see some extra vocabulary when we talk about different weather situations:

Word

speech Meaning
part of
airconditioner/airconditioning an appliance that cools down the air

noun
in a home or building
avalanche a dangerous slide of snow down a

noun mountain
below freezing temperature less than 0 degrees

preposition/adjective Celsius/(32F)
blizzard
a storm with lots of snow and wind
noun
boiling hot common expression for describing a

adjective +
noun very hot day
breeze
light wind
noun
Celsius measurement of temperature (0

noun
degrees is freezing/100 is boiling)
chilly

cold
adjective
clear when the sky is blue because no

adjective clouds are blocking the sun
cloud/cloudy water in the sky that appears as a

noun/adjective white or grey mass
cold spell a period of colder than average

noun
adjective + weather
cool temperature in between warm and

adjective cold
degrees
measurement for temperature
noun
drizzling

verb raining slightly
continuous
drought
a long period with no rainfall
noun
Fahrenheit measurement of temperature (32

noun
degrees is freezing/212 is boiling)
flood
overflow of rain water
noun
flurries
very light snowfall
noun
fog/foggy thick water vapor that blocks one's

noun/adjective vision
forecast

the expected weather for the future
noun/verb
freezing cold common expression used to

adjective + noun describe a very cold day
frost
ice crystals on a frozen surface
noun
a skin condition caused by over

frostbite
exposure to the cold (typically
noun
reddish skin with white spots)


hail small pieces of ice that fall during a

noun
storm
heat stroke a flu-like condition one can acquire

noun
after spending too long in the sun
extremely hot weather that is much

heat-wave

higher than average--usually lasts a
noun
short time
humid/humidity
moisture in the air
adjective/noun
a tropical storm with very strong

wind and rain (from Atlantic Ocean);
hurricane

from Pacific Ocean it is called a
noun
"typhoon"; from Indian Ocean it is
called a "cyclone"
icy

slippery because of ice
adjective
lightning electric flash caused by two clouds

noun
hitting
mild temperature that is warmer than

adjective average(in a cold season)
meteorologist a person who studies weather

noun
patterns
minus/negative indicates that a temperature is below

adjective
zero
overcast
no sun is visible
adjective
term often used in a weather

partly cloudy

forecast to indicate that the skies are
adverb + adjective
sunny and cloudy at the same time
precipitation

rain or snow that falls on an area
noun
puddle
collection of rain water
noun
rain/raining/rainy
noun/continuous
water that falls to earth
verb/adjective
raindrop
a single measurement of rain
noun
rainbow a band of colours found in the sky

noun
after a rainfall
raining cats and dogs

raining heavily
idiom
scorching/a scorcher extremely hot temperature/a very hot

adjective/noun
day
time of year characterized by certain

season weather
noun

Winter,Spring,Summer,Fall (or
Autumn)
shower
quick/light rainstorm
noun

sleet(similar to hail)

rain that freezes as it falls
noun
slush/slushy snow on the ground that has been

noun/adjective rained on
smog heavy,dark cloud cover caused by

noun
pollution
snow/snowy/snowing

frozen water that warms slightly as it
noun/adjective/ continuous
falls to earth
verb
snowstorm

large amounts of wind and snow
noun
sun/sunshine/sunny
the gassy star that warms the earth
noun/noun/adjective
sunburn painful red/pink skin caused by being

noun
in the sun too long
sunglasses/shades dark eyewear that protects you from

noun
the sun
suntan/tanned

brown/golden skin caused by long
noun(also
periods of sun exposure
verb)/adjective(also verb)
sunscreen/suntan lotion cream that protects your skin from

noun
sun damage
temperature

how warm or cold the air is
noun
thermometer instrument for measuring the

noun
temperature of the air
the crashing of clouds (often

thunder/thunderstorm

followed by a strike of lightning and
noun
heavy rain)
tornado
violently spinning windstorm
noun
umbrella held over one's head and body for

noun
rain protection
UV (ultra violet) rays

the damaging rays from the sun
noun
wind/windy

blowing air outside
noun/adjective
wind chill factor when the wind makes the air feel
noun
colder than the actual temperature

Choose the best option to complete each sentence. Keep in mind the vocabulary we have
learnt so far.
1. We're in the middle of a heat- wave  . It has been very hot for two weeks.

2. A drought  is a long period without any rain.

3. Summers in states like Tennessee are very hot and very humid 

4. Did you check the weather forecast  for tomorrow? Is it going to rain?


5. A snowstorm = A blizzard  .

6. The thunder  was very loud.

7. It was so windy  outside that my hat was blown off my head.
8. It is cold = It is freezing  .
9. Many homes were Destroyed  . by the hurricane.

10.It started to rain. I was so scared. Suddendly, a tornado  came and we had to look for a good place to hide.

Pregunta 2
Correcta
Puntúa 40,00 sobre 40,00
TO WAIT, TO HOPE AND TO EXPECT

Do you know what the difference is between these three verbs?
Let's see:
1. To Hope
When we want something to happen or to be true, and usually have a good reason to think that it might, we hope.
We use ‘to hope’ to talk about our aspirations for the future. Let’s consider a few examples:
Examples:
I’m hoping for a job interview next week.
She’s hoping (that) she won’t be away very long.
I hope (that) they win.
[+ infinitive] They hope to visit us next year.
2. To expect
To expect means that we anticipate something – or suppose (perhaps quite positively) that it will happen, or someone will come (to see us,
or to an event), etc.
For example:
I expect he’ll like the present.
We expect it won’t be anything serious.
I expect everything's going alright/OK.
3. To wait for
to wait for (something / someone) often refers to when we physically wait for a form of transport (bus, train, tram etc.) – and sometimes a
person or people, especially when we have arranged to meet at a certain time.
For example
I’m waiting for the bus.
I’ve been waiting for the train for half an hour.

4. Expect, hope or wait: typical errors
We don't use wait or wait for to say that we believe that something will happen. We use expect:
People usually expect holidays to revive their spirits and renew their souls and they often succeed in achieving that target.
Not: People usually wait for holidays to ...

We don't use expect to refer to time passing when we are talking about something that we hope is going to happen:

I look forward very much to hearing from you soon, and I wait anxiously for a positive answer.
Not: ... and I expect anxiously a positive answer.

Now let's practice:
Choose the correct option in each case.

1. Are you going to the party dressed like that ? If you expect  me to wear a tie, you can forget it.

2. You have failed your exam! You will do better next time, never lose hope  .
3. I'm really very tired, I can't wait  for the holidays. I think I'll take a break next week.
4. wait  a minute, I'll get my coat and come with you.
5. I don't know if this machine will work, but we can always hope  .
6. You expect  a film with such a famous actor in it to be good . In fact it was terrible.

7. How will we go to the show tonight ? By car, let's hope  we can find a parking space!
8. Although I really want our team to win the match I expect  it will lose again.

9. What can we do for David ? Nothing we'll just have to wait  and see what happens.
10. I'm leaving next Monday, I must see a new customer. I expect  to be back within a week.

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pref_1_Grammar 3.1 ►


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21/10/21 15:44 pref_1_Vocabulary 3.

1: Revisión del intento

ÁREA PERSONAL MIS CURSOS 10399 THIRD TERM PREF_1_VOCABU…

Comenzado el jueves, 21 de octubre de 2021, 15:41

Puntúa 60,00 sobre 60,00

CLIMATE AND WEATHER

Watch the video and pay special attention to the pronunciation.

Now, let's learn some new vocabulary about climate change:

The mixture of gases and aerosols

Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ) A heavy, colorless atmospheric gas.

The average weather for a particular

Major changes in temperature,

The act or instance of discharging

Fossil fuels are natural substances

An increase in the Earth's average

The effect produced by greenhouse

The energy emitted by the sun. This

The specific condition of the

Now, let's put the vocabulary in practice:

3. We can stop the climate change  if we take care of the planet.

4. Burning fossil fuels  cause most of greenhouse  gases.

5. Weather is an especific condition of the atmosphere 

airconditioner/airconditioning an appliance that cools down the air

avalanche a dangerous slide of snow down a

below freezing temperature less than 0 degrees

boiling hot common expression for describing a

Celsius measurement of temperature (0

clear when the sky is blue because no

adjective clouds are blocking the sun

cloud/cloudy water in the sky that appears as a

noun/adjective white or grey mass

cold spell a period of colder than average

cool temperature in between warm and

Fahrenheit measurement of temperature (32

fog/foggy thick water vapor that blocks one's

freezing cold common expression used to

adjective + noun describe a very cold day

a skin condition caused by over

reddish skin with white spots)

hail small pieces of ice that fall during a

heat stroke a flu-like condition one can acquire

extremely hot weather that is much

a tropical storm with very strong

lightning electric flash caused by two clouds

mild temperature that is warmer than

adjective average(in a cold season)

meteorologist a person who studies weather

minus/negative indicates that a temperature is below

term often used in a weather

rainbow a band of colours found in the sky

raining cats and dogs

scorching/a scorcher extremely hot temperature/a very hot

time of year characterized by certain

slush/slushy snow on the ground that has been

smog heavy,dark cloud cover caused by

sunburn painful red/pink skin caused by being

sunglasses/shades dark eyewear that protects you from

sunscreen/suntan lotion cream that protects your skin from

thermometer instrument for measuring the

the crashing of clouds (often

umbrella held over one's head and body for

UV (ultra violet) rays

2. A drought  is a long period without any rain.