KAREN EBERO MALABANAN.

PERSONALITIES THAT CONTRIBUTED IN THE

DEVELOPMENT OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION

WILLIAM JULIUS
A Prominent socialist and Harvard alumnus, Julius
studied urban sociology, with particular focus given to
those factors- especially urban poverty- that contribute
to crime. Much of his work revolves around racial factors,
such as how poverty among black communities
influences different crime rates, with discrimination,
education, housing, and employment being taken into
consideration. His work The Truly Disadvantaged and
the Declining Significance of Race examine this at
greater length.

CHARLES B. GORING
 Conclude that there is no such thing as a
physical chemical type. He contradicted the
Lombroso’s idea that criminality can be seen
through features alone and accepted that
criminals are physically inferior to normal
individuals in the sense that criminal to be
shorter and have less weight than
non-criminals.
 After comparing the physiological traits of
thousands of prisoners with of those non-
criminals, he found no substantial differences
between two groups. He published the results
in The English Convict, 1913, discrediting the
idea of born criminals and laying the
foundation for scientific criminology.
 ALEXANDER LACASSAGNE
Creating the Lacassagne School of Criminology in
Lyon, France, Alexandre Lacassagne was a
contemporary and rival of Lombroso, who came to
crime and psychology through his work as a
physician. It was his belief that criminality was
influenced more by social factors, than heredity ones;
he would determine his own categories concerning
criminality: thought; act; and instinctual. His partial
emphasis on phrenology meant his contributions
were overlooked for some time.

CESARE BECCARIA
 Considered the father of criminal law and
modern criminal justice, Becarria studied
mathematics and economics before turning to
law. His most famous work, On Crimes and
Punishment, was the first published argument
against the death penalty. Beccaria advocated
that the certainty of punishment worked better
as a deterrent than the severity of the
punishment.
 An Italian politician and philosopher, greatly
influence criminal law reform in Western
Europe. He argued that the effectiveness of
criminal justice depended more on the
certainty of punishment than on its severity.

JANE ADDAMS
Only the second female recipient of the Novel
Peace Price, Adams eschewed her privileged
upbringing and traditional womanly duties to study
how society and poverty influenced crime. Known
as the “mother of social work” Addams was an
activist and lecturer in these subjects, encouraging
their study and helping to establish the US
settlement house movement in 1889, with the aim
of to combatting crime through economic security.

SOURCE: important criminologist.edology.com