ELEMENTS, ATOMS AND COMPOUNDS

DEFINITION OF TERMS
Elements -It is a substance made up of only one
kind of an atom.
Compound - It is a substance made up of two
more different kinds of atoms chemically
combined.
molecule - two or more atoms of same or
different kinds bonded together chemically.
Atom - smallest units of an element that
maintains the elements properties.

DALTON’S ATOMIC MODEL/THEORY

The theory was first stated in 1803 by John
Dalton.
It has the following assumptions:
 Elements consist of invisible small
particles(atoms). Qn. From the periodic table above, state the
 All atoms of the same element are chemical symbol and chemical name of group
identical, different elements have different one elements.
types of atom. ….
 Atoms can neither be created nor …………………………………………………………………………
destroyed. …………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………..
Qn. State charge of the subatomic particles Qn. State 5elements that are in period 3.
below. ….
…………………………………………………………………………
sub atomic particle charge …………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………
Electron
Qn. Give and explain 3 properties of metals.
Proton ….
…………………………………………………………………………
Nuetron …………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
Qn. Using X to represent electrons, draw the ……………………………………………………………………..
structure of Lithium atom.

PERIODIC TABLE
The periodic table is used to arrange elements
from the lowest atomic number to the highest.
The element are arranged in groups and
periods.
Groups - are vertical arrangements of elements
as per the electrons on the outer most shell.
Period - horizontal arrangement of elements as
per the number of shells.