Teaching Plan of Management of Heart Failure

Name of the student

Name of the Institute

Teaching Plan of Management of Heart Failure

Heart failure is a chronic progressive cardiovascular condition. The incidence and

economic burden of heart failure continues to increase for individuals and healthcare

institutions. Approximately 5.7 million Americans are diagnosed with heart failure, and the

total 2009 estimated cost is $37.2 billion.1 With the population continuing to age, it is

expected that the number of people diagnosed with heart failure will continue to climb. Heart

failure care encompasses a complex treatment regimen that is challenging to manage. Self-

care behaviors are one of the key elements in heart failure care that patients participate in for

themselves.2 On a daily basis, patients with heart failure are encouraged to weigh themselves

daily, adhere to a low sodium diet, monitor their symptoms for worsening, adhere to a fluid

restriction, and participate in physical activity.

Additionally, patients with heart failure are expected to manage a complicated

pharmacologic regimen and make symptom management decisions such as decreasing

sodium intake or knowing when it is appropriate to call their healthcare provider. Adjusting

the treatment regimen based on changes in symptoms increases the complexity of managing

heart failure, as patients may experience difficulty detecting gradual, small changes in their

status, and not realize the healthcare provider should be notified.3 3 A pivotal element of

heart failure care is education. The focus of patient education is to improve self-care

behaviors. Patient education topics include information about heart failure, medications,

exercise, symptoms, exercise, diet, fluid restriction, and activities such as the importance of

daily weighing. However, improvement in self-care behaviors or adherence to the heart

failure treatment regimen may not occur even with education.

How is heart failure treated?

The goals of treatment are to help you feel better and live longer. Treatment may include the

following:
Teaching Plan of Management of Heart Failure

 Heart medicines help regulate your heart rhythm, lower your blood pressure, and get

rid of extra fluids.

 Cardiac rehabilitation is a program run by specialists who will help you safely

strengthen your heart. The program includes exercise, relaxation, stress management

and heart-healthy nutrition advice from a registered dietitian. Caregivers will also

make sure your medications are helping to reduce your symptoms. In order to attend

you will need an assessment and internal referral by a cardiac physician.

 Oxygen may help you breathe easier if your oxygen level is lower than normal. A

CPAP machine may be used to keep your airway open while you sleep.

 Surgery can be done to implant a pacemaker in your chest to regulate your heart

rhythm. Other types of surgery can open blocked heart vessels, replace a damaged

heart valve or remove scar tissue.

Social Learning Theory

Social Learning Theory is considered one of the important theories in a teaching plan

of this group because it focuses on the interactions among cognition, behavior, and

environment. The educator can use a variety of modeling examples such as conceptual

models and demonstrations. In addition, symbolic models in words or images are an

effective way for active sharing knowledge and experiences between teachers and learners.

In this theory, educators should work to enhance self-regulation and self-efficacy of their

learners (Bastable, 2008).

Objectives: After this lesson, students will be able to:

 Define heart disease

 Identify different types of heart disease

 Discuss the signs and symptoms of heart disease

Teaching Plan of Management of Heart Failure

Overall Learning Objectives:

 Articulate the new CCS Guidelines recommendations for treatment of HFrEF

 Understand how important comorbid conditions impact management of heart failure

 Describe the new stepwise approach to the diagnosis of HFpEF

 Be aware of new and emerging heart failure treatments

 Understand the practical intersection between the environment and the failing heart

 Develop an approach to incorporate virtual heart failure care

Nutritional Information

Objective

Following a 10-minute teaching session, participant will list at least three healthful foods

choices modifications will help to decrease some of the symptoms.

 Low sodium diet

 Fluid restriction

 Low fat and low cholesterol diet

 No alcohol

Content Outline

Appropriate selections of meal plans that contain whole grain, vegetables and fruits,

dairy, and meat and protein are determined by heart failure patient. The importance of eating

a balanced food is considered as well.

Teaching Strategies

 The American Heart Association recommends that you reduce your sodium intake to

1,500 mg per day. One teaspoon of salt contains about 2,300 mg of sodium. Avoid

using salt at the table or in cooking. Remove the salt shaker. You’ll be less likely use

it.
Teaching Plan of Management of Heart Failure

 Experiment with new flavors. Use spices and herbs such as cardamon, cinnamon,

saffron, turmeric, oregano and thyme, as well as other seasonings such as zaatar with

no salt added to flavor foods.

Material

The group will make use of the following for school teaching:

The teacher will use the following material for training her/his students:

 PowerPoint presentation

 Visual aids- Handouts

Evaluation

Teacher will make questionnaire related to the topic:

What is heart failure?

How can it be cured?

How diet can reduce ratio of heart failure?

Exercise

Objective

Regular exercise has many benefits. Exercise, especially aerobic exercise, can:

 Strengthen the heart and cardiovascular system

 Help increase energy levels so that you can do more activities without becoming tired

or short of breath

 Improve muscle tone, strength and flexibility

 Strengthen bones

 Help reduce body fat and help you reach a healthy weight

 Help reduce stress, tension, anxiety and depression

 Improve sleep

Content Outline
Teaching Plan of Management of Heart Failure

 The maintenance of daily regular exercise at least 25 minutes per day is helpful for

healthy blood circulation. Participants will understand that exercise can improve

circulation system in the body and help to reduce body fat and help you reach a

healthy weight. Help reduce stress, tension, anxiety and depression.

Teaching Strategy

Presenting a lecture in video-based modeling that illustrates simply the advantage of

doing exercise and its beneficial to individuals who have heart problem or cardiac vascular

issues. The educator should avoid using sophisticated teaching methods due to the lack of

literacy and education.

Material

The group will make use of the following for school teaching:

The teacher will use the following material for training her/his students:

 PowerPoint presentation

 Visual aids- Handouts

Evaluation

Teacher will make questionnaire related to the topic:

What is effect of exercise on heart failure?

How exercise proven useful in heart failure?

How exercise can reduce ratio of heart failure?

Stress Management

Objective

This stress management program is designed to help students achieve the following

objectives:

1. Understand the nature of stress and its impact on health and behavior.

2. Recognize the stressors and signs of stress in their own lives.

Teaching Plan of Management of Heart Failure

3. Recognize the cognitive components of stress, especially the effects of

one’s automatic thoughts and internal dialogue on appraisal of stressors.

4. Learn various relaxation methods to reduce muscle tension related to

stress.

5. Learn cognitive techniques to increase accurate appraisal of stressors.

6. Learn specific behavioral techniques for reducing the degree of stress and

distress.

7. Learn a problem-solving strategy for dealing with situations that are

stressors or potential stressors.

8. Integrate cognitive and behavioral coping strategies in their daily lives.

Content outline

Positive and negative stress is a constant influence on all of our lives. The trick is to

maximize the positive stress and to minimize the negative stress. Participants will be shown

how stress can be positive and negative, and we will look at the Triple A approach that will

form the basis of this workshop. The Stress Management workshop will give participants a

three-option method for addressing any stressful situation, as well as a toolbox of personal

skills, including using routines, relaxation techniques, and a stress log system.

Teaching strategies

As a teacher, you know that stress is inevitable. Papers will stack up, students will act

out, and lessons will need to be planned. But while stress is inevitable, how you respond to

it can spell the difference between a long, rewarding career, and one cut short by burn-

out. New research into stress has given rise to some surprising (and even counter-intuitive)

strategies to better deal with it. Try these out, and be sure to let us know what works best for

you in the comments! 

Material
Teaching Plan of Management of Heart Failure

The group will make use of the following for school teaching:

The teacher will use the following material for training her/his students:

 PowerPoint presentation

 Visual aids- Handouts

Evaluation

Teacher will make questionnaire related to the topic:

What is impact of stress on heart failure?

How can it be cured?

How stress can increase ratio of heart failure?

Teaching Plan of Management of Heart Failure

References

Bastable, S. B. (2008).  Nurse as Educator: Principles of Teaching and Learning for Nursing

Practice. 3rd Edition. Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Barlett.

Cleland, J. G., Cohen-Solal, A., Aguilar, J. C., Dietz, R., Eastaugh, J., Follath, F., ... &

Widimsky, J. (2002). Management of heart failure in primary care (the

IMPROVEMENT of Heart Failure Programme): an international survey. The

Lancet, 360(9346), 1631-1639.

Laisha, M., Blue, L., Clark, A. L., Dahlström, U., Dickstein, K., Ekman, I., ... & Jaarsma, T.

(2011). Self‐care management of heart failure: practical recommendations from the

Patient Care Committee of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of

Cardiology. European journal of heart failure, 13(2), 115-126.

Lainscak, M., Blue, L., Clark, A. L., Dahlström, U., Dickstein, K., Ekman, I., ... & Jaarsma,

T. (2011). Self‐care management of heart failure: practical recommendations from the

Patient Care Committee of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of

Cardiology. European journal of heart failure, 13(2), 115-126.

McAlister, F. A., Stewart, S., Ferrua, S., & McMurray, J. J. (2004). Multidisciplinary

strategies for the management of heart failure patients at high risk for admission: a

systematic review of randomized trials. Journal of the American College of

Cardiology, 44(4), 810-819.