Alzheimer’s Disease:

Symptoms, Causes and

Natural Support
Strategies
byDR. JOCKERS
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Alzheimer’s Disease: Symptoms, Causes
and Natural Support Strategies
One of the fastest growing diseases in the industrial world is Alzheimer’s disease
(AD).  This is characterized by massive degeneration of the brain that causes
disruptions in memory, cognition, personality that finally culminates with brain death.

Approximately, 5.9 million Americans have Alzheimer’s and that number is expected
to go up to 15 million by the year 2050 (1).  In this article, you will learn the early
symptoms and the progression of Alzheimer’s as well as the root cause factors
involved in this disease.  I will also go over some great natural strategies you begin to
apply to improve your brain health and get the most out of life.
The Alzheimer’s Disease Burden:
Alzheimer’s disease cripples the individuals’ brain to the point where they cannot
form new memories.  They are a danger to themselves because they are entirely
unable to take care of even the most basic needs.  Most individuals survive for 5-10
years with AD.

These individuals need constant care-giving which creates a massive economic burden
on the family.   New reports show there are more than 15 million Americans
providing care for someone with AD.   This is a tremendous financial, physical and
emotional burden to help care for a loved one with AD.

The average caregiver taking care of someone with Alzheimer’s encounters over
$50,000 in out of pocket expenses each year (1, 2).
The Alzheimer’s Disease Degenerative
Process:
Alzheimer’s disease and dementia are characterized by massive neuronal loss in the
temporal lobe hippocampus region of the brain ( 3, 4).  The hippocampus is the major
region where we process and create short term memory.   This causes problems with
short term memory, behavioral changes, depression and irritability, balance problems
and disorientation.

AD is also associated with damage to the Amygdala and limbic regions of the brain.
These areas are responsible for our response to fear, our emotions and behavior.  This
is why AD patients struggle with irritability, anxiety, mood disorders and depression
(5).

AD diagnosis is made by observing neuron loss of medium and large sized pyramidal
cells and the presence of intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and
extracellular deposits of amyloid filaments that are surrounded by altered neural
processes and glia cells.  These NFT’s with amyloid are called senile plaques and they
are found in greater abundance in the hippocampus, amygdala and other limbic
regions (6).
Poor Blood Sugar Signaling and
Alzheimer’s Disease
Research has shown that Alzheimer’s disease development and progression is highly
influenced by lifestyle factors.  A recent study published in the Journal of Alzheimer’s
Disease confirmed earlier reports that AD is characterized by chronic inflammation
and insulin resistance in the brain.  Researchers have titled this pathophysiological
pattern type-3 diabetes (7, 8, 9).

These researchers found that as blood sugar signaling patterns are disrupted it leads to
elevated blood sugar and the formation of Advanced Glycation End Products
(AGE’s).  The AGEs destroy cell membrane function and damage insulin receptor
activity creating a vicious cycle of elevated blood sugar and inflammatory stress.
AGEs cause massive destruction throughout the body and have an affinity for
neurological tissue (10, 11).
Blood Brain Barrier and Alzheimer’s
Disease:
The blood brain barrier (BBB) is a tight network of blood vessels that is designed to
only allow small nutrients to pass into the brain.  The BBB is a mechanism the body
uses to protect the brain from oxidative stress, infectious microbes and chronic
inflammation.

Individuals with Alzheimer’s have alterations in the BBB where they have increased
permeability which therefore allows greater stress on the brain ( 12).  This happens
through 3 major mechanisms

1)  Hypoglycemia:  Low blood sugar causes a partial starvation of the brain tissue

and the body responds by opening up the BBB to allow for more nutrients to cross.
This also allows for more toxins and oxidative stress to effect brain tissue ( 13).
2)  Hyperglycemia:  High blood sugar causes more oxidative stress that damages the
endothelial lining of the BBB, weakening this protective shield and making it more
permeable to larger compounds.  This causes increased stress on the brain tissue and
leads to insulin resistance in the brain.   Increased insulin levels are associated with
the neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaque found in Alzheimer’s disease ( 14, 15).

3)  Magnesium Deficiency:  Blood sugar imbalances deplete magnesium and many B

vitamin stores in the body.  Magnesium plays a key role in the capillary tone of the
endothelial membrane.  Magnesium deficiency weakens the endothelial lining and
makes it more permeable to heavy metals such as aluminum which is classically
found in Alzheimer’s disease (16, 17, 18).

The MicroBiome and Alzheimer’s Disease

There has been a tremendous amount of research linking the gut microbiome and
neurological health.  Research has indicated that low levels of healthy lactobacillus
and bifidobacterium are linked with increased brain excitability and neurological
inflammation (19, 20).

These microbes help to break down the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate into the
inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA.  Low levels of GABA production are associated
with anxiety, seizures, depression, dementia and Alzheimer’s (21, 22).

Additionally, it has been shown that some microbes secrete amyloid as a byproduct of
their metabolism.  This endotoxin is linked to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s
disease.  It is thought that high levels of amyloid producing bacteria are a significant
factor in the development of Alzheimer’s (23, 24).

Aluminum and Alzheimer’s Disease

Aluminum is found in high amounts within the neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer’s
disease patients.   How does it get in there?  Through a combination of blood sugar
dysregulation, gut dysbiosis and chronic inflammation and environmental aluminum
exposure.

Aluminum is used in the processing of many different industrial products.  We are
exposed to aluminum in vaccines, deodorants, medications, canned foods and tap
water.  Aluminum has an affinity for brain tissue due to 2 major mechanisms
(25, 26, 27)

1)  Slow Absorption and Uptake Rates:  Because aluminum is absorbed by the body

slowly and the uptake into the brain is progressive, many scientists believe it is a safe
additive in food and drinking water treatment.

2)  Aluminum’s Ionic Size:  This particle is similar to iron in size and uses iron-
evolved mechanisms to enter the highly active, iron-dependent cells responsible for
memory processing.  Aluminum accumulates in these iron-dependent cells and
dysregulates the iron homeostasis which causes brain hypoxia and neuronal cell death.

AD is a human form of chronic aluminum neurotoxicity. The causality analysis

demonstrates that chronic aluminum intake causes AD.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction:
Every cell of the body has mitochondria within it that produce energy for the cell.
The mitochondria are the battery packs of the cell and they are extremely important.
High levels of oxidative stress wear down the mitochondria and cause a dysfunctional
state.  Studies have found that individuals with Alzheimer’s disease have an advanced
state of mitochondrial dysfunction (28, 29).

Individuals suffering from AD are evidenced to have massive cell death of the
hippocampus and amygdala regions of the brain (30).  Research has shown that this is
initiated by a profound glutathione (GSH) decrease and a mitochondrial dysfunction.
Glutathione Depletion and Nrf2:
In AD, the cells are under so much stress that there main protective shield (GSH) gets
worn down and oxidative stress damages the mitochondria and the DNA leading to
cell death.  Poor blood sugar control and high environmental toxin exposure are known
to deplete glutathione levels and impair mitochondrial function ( 31).

A key pathway that maintains cellular glutathione levels and the ability of the cell to
adapt to stress is called Keap1-Nrf2.  When this pathway breaks down it causes
increased levels of oxidative stress within the cell that leads to the glutathione
depletion and mitochondrial dysfunction (32).  This pathway must be addressed in
order to prevent or reverse AD symptoms (33).
Anti-Inflammatory Nutrition:
An anti-inflammatory nutrition plan that is low in carbohydrate and rich in healthy
fats and antioxidants is critical to preventing and treating Alzheimer’s disease.  The
brain is primarily water, fat and cholesterol.  These are all key building blocks for
promoting healthy brain function and rebuilding a damaged brain.
The proper nutrition plan to beat AD is rich in phytonutrient dense vegetables, healthy
fat and clean protein sources.  Healthy fat sources such as coconut, avocados, olive oil
& sprouted nuts and seeds must take a central role in the diet to promote healthy brain
function.  I recommend a ketogenic diet for Alzheimer’s patients and you can read
about why in this article.
Healthy Proteins & Antioxidants:
Healthy proteins include wild-caught fish, grass-fed red meat and organic chicken,
turkey and eggs.  Grass-fed beef is loaded with long-chain omega 3 fatty acids,
saturated fat, cholesterol, vitamin B12, and conjugated linoleic acid which are all
necessary for healthy neurological function.

Additionally, grass-fed beef contains carnosine, wild salmon contains astaxanthin and
organic pasture-fed eggs have retinol, lutein & zeaxanthin.  These fat-soluble
antioxidants protect the brain and neurological tissue from AGEs and other damaging
free radicals.  Superfood herbs like turmeric, cinnamon, cloves, oregano, rosemary,
thyme, ginger, basil, etc. should be used as much as possible.

Critical Nutrients for Brain Health:

Regular exercise and sun exposure are extremely critical factors to boost
oxygenation, anti-aging hormones and vitamin D3 levels.  Vitamin D3
supplementation of 10,000 IU daily is often needed. High quality multi-vitamins,
magnesium, extra B complex vitamins, zinc & selenium as well as probiotics and
purified omega 3 fatty acids should be used as well.

Individuals at risk for AD have sleep challenges throughout their lives and have
reduced melatonin signaling systems in their brain.  Establishing regular sleep cycles
by going to bed early and getting a full 8 hours of sleep each night is essential.
Adding in certain teas such as valerian root, chamomile and passionflower can be
especially helpful.
Additionally, you can use lavender, chamomile and peppermint essential oils to relax
the nervous system, oxygenate the body and induce deeper sleep.  Healthy melatonin
levels help the brain to clean up damaged cells (autophagy) including the NFT’s that
are characteristic of AD.

Good sleep and optimal melatonin secretions also positively influence healthy genetic
expression, circadian rhythms that improve anti-aging characteristics and human
growth hormone levels which boost immunity, reduce inflammation and build lean
body tissue and a healthy physique.

Stimulating NeuroGenesis:
One of the biggest breakthroughs in neuroscience over the last 20 years has been the
discovery of neurogenesis.  This refers to the ability of the brain to generate new
healthier and stronger cells and synaptic junctions.  The brain can literally re-wire
itself.  In the case of AD, the brain is breaking down faster than it can rebuild which is
called neurodegeneration.
In order to grow stronger and healthier neuronal cells the neurons secrete a compound
called Brain derived neurotrophic growth factor (BDNF).  BDNF encourages the
growth and differentiation of new neurons and synapses.  In the brain, it is most active
in the hippocampus and cortex and is vital to learning, memory and higher thinking
(34).

Key ways to simulate BDNF include regular exercise, novel movement patterns such
as using your non-dominant hand for activities, doing cross-crawl style movements,
aromatherapy, learning new concepts, listening to classical music, social interaction
and laughing.  Read this article on neurobics, which are specific exercises to stimulate
BDNF production.

Action Steps to Improve Brain Health

Here are the best action steps to get started with on your journey to improve your
brain health.  It is important to note that these strategies are not at this time FDA
approved to prevent, mitigate, treat or cure Alzheimer’s disease and should not be
confused as such.  You should always consult with your physician before stopping or
changing medications or taking on new health strategies.

Additionally, you should be working with a functional health practitioner to help

guide you through these strategies.  This is not an exhaustive list and there are other
natural therapeutic strategies that I and functional health practitioners will utilize to
help individuals with Alzheimer’s.

Anti-Inflammatory Nutrition Plan

Follow an Anti-Inflammatory nutrition plan that is full of healthy, life giving foods
and be sure to avoid exposure to aluminum cans by choosing fresh or frozen organic
food as much as possible.  A healthy diet and lifestyle includes lots of clean water and
phytonutrient rich raw and lightly cooked vegetables.

It is also important to consider a ketogenic diet which has been shown to have
neuroprotective properties and may be incredibly therapeutic for individuals dealing
with neurodegenerative conditions.  A study of 152 humans with Alzheimer’s saw
significant improvements in brain function after ketone levels were raised during 90
days of MCT oil supplementation (35). Additionally, several animal studies have
demonstrated a similar effect by implementing a ketogenic diet.
Reduce Stress:
Reducing stress is a critical for reducing inflammation and improving brain health. I
recommend that you reduce stressors from your life as much as possible. Turn off the
news, and only look at it once a day or a few times a week for a specific period.
Reduce your social media use and time on the internet.

Avoid people and situations that bring you down. Surround yourself with loving and
uplifting people. Engage in uplifting and relaxation-promoting activities. Read, try
some arts and crafts, play cards or board games, sing, and dance.

Spend time in nature and do some grounding walking barefoot on grass.  Practice
daily gratitude and try positive affirmations.  Practice self-love and laugh with friends
and family. Meditate, pray, journal, and try daily breathwork. Be grateful and smile
more and look for ways to laugh.
Improve Your Sleep:  
Prioritizing good sleep is just as important as reducing your stress levels. Develop a
regular schedule going to bed and getting up at the same time every day to support
your circadian rhythms.

Avoid electronics, sugar, caffeine, heavy foods, and stress close to the bed. Engage in
relaxing activities, including stretching, relaxing baths, meditation, and prayer. Make
sure that you have a supporting bed, pillow, and bedding, and sleep in a dark calming
room

Make Learning Your Hobby:

Continual and life long learning is one of the best ways to improve BDNF levels.
Studying new subjects, reading books, learning languages, playing new instruments
and doing crossword puzzles are extremely healthy for the brain.
Various brain based exercises can be performed daily to help boost Brain Derived
Neurotropic Growth Factors (BDNF) that improve the health and stability of the
brain.

Neurobics is a term that refers to the physiological effects of unique and non-routine
ways of thinking and moving and their effects on the brain.  Practicing neurobics on a
regular basis can strengthen your brain and improve your mood, memory and mindset.

Routine activities become so automatic in the brain that they require less brain

activity.  Unique activities produce more neurotransmitters and have a greater effect
on altering and strengthening neurons and synaptic connections.  Check out my video
on brain exercises and the image below on neurobic exercises to improve your brain
health.
Reduce Toxin Exposure
Reducing your toxic exposure is critical for preventing brain degeneration. Buy
organic food as much as possible. Stop using conventional beauty, body, and
household products, and replace them with organic, natural, or homemade
alternatives.

Use glass, stainless steel, wood, and bamboo products instead of plastic. Spend time
in nature and breathe in the fresh air. Use a good indoor air filtration system. Make
sure that you drink clean, toxin-free water by using a high-quality reverse osmosis
system.
Support Detoxification Pathways
It is not enough to put good things into your body, you have to make sure that the bad
things come out as well. Drink plenty of water to support detoxification through
sweating and urine. Support your detoxification pathways to protect your body from
brain inflammation.

I recommend using infrared saunas to promote detoxification through sweating. Try

rebounding and dry-skin brushing to support your lymphatic pathways.  Support two
major detoxifying organs, your kidneys and liver with herbs like milk thistle, parsley,
dandelion and bioactive carbons which can penetrate and remove toxins from deep
within the tissues and cells.
Include Magnesium & B Vitamin Rich Foods:  
Magnesium helps to improve blood sugar signaling patterns and protects the blood-
brain barrier.  The best magnesium and B vitamin rich foods include dark green leafy
veggies, avocados, grass-fed animal products, raw cacao and pumpkin seeds.

You can also do Epsom salt baths to support your magnesium levels.  It would also be
wise to supplement with a good magnesium and B complex supplement.  Look for
magnesium L-threonate which is the best form of magnesium for crossing the blood
brain barrier.

When it comes to B vitamins, it is best to look for one with pre-activated forms such
as methyl-folate, methyl-cobalamin (B12), Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate form of B6, and
Riboflavin-5-phosphate form of vitamin B2.  The methyl groups are in the active form
and will be better utilized by the body.
Use Anti-Oxidant Rich Herbs:
Carminatives are herbs that help to improve digestive health by reducing pathogens in
the gut, stimulating the production of stomach acid, bile and pancreatic enzymes and
modulating the gut microbiome.

Examples of these herbs include turmeric, ginger, oregano, garlic, basil, thyme and
rosemary.   These herbs are  help to improve digestion, reduce inflammation and
support a healthy brain.  There are a number of ways to use these that I discuss in the
following image.  I like putting the herbs on foods, using herbal teas, fermented foods
and essential oils.
Supplement With Omega 3’s:
Omega 3 fatty acids and in particular the long chain variety EPA and DHA are critical
for stabilizing blood sugar, improving neurogenesis and neurotransmitter production
(36, 37). Consume grass-fed meat, grass-fed butter, wild-caught fish and spirulina to
get it in your diet.

Plant based omega 3’s such as flax oil only contain the small chain omega 3 called
ALA and do not have any DHA.  It is very hard for our body to convert ALA into
DHA so it is best to get a high quality fish or krill oil that is rich in EPA and DHA. 
You want to find a brand that is molecularly distilled to take out any heavy metals and
other unwanted contaminants.

Be sure to discuss with your physician before using as fish oils have a blood thinning
affect and can be contraindicated if you are on blood thinning medications.
Ground Your Body:
In our society we are surrounded by toxic electromagnetic frequency’s (EMF’s).
These EMF’s increase stress within our body and alter neurotransmitter function.

By going outside daily and walking barefoot on grass, dirt or sand you absorb natural
EMF’s from the ground that balance your electrical rhythms.  Follow the steps in this
article here.
Improve Your Mitochondria:  
The mitochondria are the energy powerhouses of every cell.  When someone has a
neurodegenerative disorder it is a clinical sign that they have dysfunctional activity
going on in the mitochondria.

Support your mitochondria with clinical doses of CoQ10, L-carnitine, N-acetyl

cysteine, creatine monohydrate, B vitamins, magnesium, alpha lipoic acid and D-
ribose.  You can find mitochondrial support supplements that have most if not all of
these key nutrients.
Intermittent Fasting:  
Intermittent fasting is a form of fasting cycles between not eating (fasting) and eating
(feasting) over a period of time. The benefits of intermittent fasting benefits include
cellular repair, autophagy, immune regulation, inflammation levels, and insulin
sensitivity.

It also helps to lower the risk of chronic diseases, including neurodegenerative

conditions, such as Parkinson’s and dementia.  Going 16–18 hours between dinner
and breakfast is one of the best ways to improve mitochondrial production.   Your
body improves energy efficiency by increasing and strengthening the mitochondria
during periods of fasting.  Consume your meals in a 6-8 hour window such as 11am–
7pm or 12–6pm.

When you do this you enhance cellular healing and brain cell regeneration.  One
molecule that fasting increases is BDNF which enhances the growth and development
of brain cells.  To learn more about the benefits of intermittent fasting and best
intermittent fasting practices, I recommend this article.
Optimize Your Vitamin D:  
Low vitamin D3 is associated with neurological inflammation and neurodegenerative
conditions (38).  There are vitamin D receptors throughout the central nervous system
and critical regions of the brain including the hippocampus.

Researchers have concluded that vitamin D activates and deactivates enzymes in

the brain and cerebrospinal fluid that are involved in nerve growth, synaptic density
and neurotransmitter synthesis (39).
Vitamin D3 is also shown to boost glutathione production in the neuronal cells
protecting them from damage inflicted by oxidative stress.  Vitamin D also helps to
modulate the immune system to reduce inflammation throughout the body ( 40).

Support Gut Health

Your brain and gut are closely connected and supporting your gut is important for
preventing and reducing brain degeneration. Make sure gut-friendly, anti-
inflammatory, and nutrient-dense diet abundant in veggies, healthy fats, clean protein
and probiotic-rich foods, such as sauerkraut, kimchi, and kefir.
Additionally, I recommend taking a daily probiotic supplement.  Probiotics helps to
optimize your gut health and improve your nutrient absorption while reducing gut
related inflammation.  When gut inflammation goes down it also reduces
inflammatory mediators in the brain.

Low Intensity Movement:

A sedentary lifestyle reduces cerebrospinal fluid flow and can lead to increased
oxidative stress in the brain.  Movement and exercise are critical for brain health and
can play an important role in the prevention and treatment of brain degeneration.
Regular movement may help to reduce chronic inflammation, decrease stress levels,
and lower the risk of memory problems, learning troubles, and cognitive decline.

Aim to exercise at least 20 to 30 minutes minimally 5 times a week combining

cardiovascular exercise, strength and resistance training, and low-impact exercise.
Make a commitment to stay active throughout the day. Take a walk during lunch,
stretch regularly, play with your kids or pets, dance for your favorite song, take the
stairs, and find other creative ways to sneak in movement into your day.
Final Thoughts
Alzheimer’s is a serious issue that affects millions of people around the world. The
symptoms of Alzheimer’s include memory problems, confusion, disorientation and
mood changes. To protect your brain from brain degeneration, follow my tips and
natural strategies.

You may notice improvements not only in your cognition, mental sharpness, mood,
and energy but also in your overall health.  If you want to work with a functional
health coach, I recommend this article with tips on how to find a great coach.  Our
website offers long-distance functional health coaching programs with our world-class
team of health coaches. For further support with your health and other goals, just
reach out—our fantastic coaches are here to support your journey.
Anxiety Summit:  Gut-Brain Axis:
ANXIETY has become the defining mental health issue of our decade — with or
without a diagnosis — women are affected at twice the rate of men, and more children
and young adults are now stressed and anxious more than ever before. Join us to learn
nutritional solutions!

—>>Click here to join me at The Anxiety Summit (free & online)!

Anxiety is your body’s natural response to a threat. However, more people than ever
before find themselves far-too-frequently in a state of chronic stress and anxiety. To
make it worse, most have no idea there are options other than drugs to address it.

They’re NEVER told that poor gut-health could be a root cause, instead they continue
thinking their anxiety is much TOO SEVERE for nutrition to be the solution — this
potential root cause MUST be explored, join me to learn why!
I encourage you to register for this health event, especially if you have:

● Anxiety and feel overwhelmed and stressed by little things

● Panic attacks and/or obsessive thoughts or behaviors
● Social anxiety/pyroluria
● Phobias or fears (flying, spiders or even driving on a highway)
● Food sensitivities, IBS/SIBO, parasites or gallbladder issues
● Constipation, diarrhea, bloating, gas, pain and other digestive issues
● Leaky gut, a leaky blood-brain barrier or vagus nerve issues
● Loved ones or clients/patients with any of the above issues
It’s time to learn all the ways poor gut health could trigger anxiety. With research-
based solutions and practical steps, you can determine your root causes, ease your
anxiety and prevent it from coming back so you can feel on top of the world again!

You will also want to hear my presentation on Fasting for Anxiety and Gut
Health.  —>>Click here to join me at The Anxiety Summit (free & online)!
Your host is Food Mood Expert and certified nutritionist Trudy Scott. She is the
author of The Antianxiety Food Solution and she educates anxious individuals about
nutritional solutions for anxiety. This is her fifth Anxiety Summit, featuring all new
topics and the latest research related to the gut-brain axis.

You’ll often hear that “all disease begins in the gut,” and it’s true that gut issues are
often a root cause of anxiety. In fact, addressing gut health is part of the growing field
of nutritional psychiatry. Trudy has interviewed amazing practitioners, who will
share their gut-brain solutions, such as:

+ The magic of the microbiome

+ Importance of bile quality

+ Vagus nerve activation for gut/brain health, methylation and B12 polymorphisms

+ The role of GABA and tryptophan

+ How collagen can actually increase anxiety in some individuals

+ And so much more!

At The Anxiety Summit, you’ll hear from experts on parasites, mitochondrial health, a
compound called PQQ and much more. One of the fabulous things about Trudy is that
she’s a research geek, so she will always discuss the research as well as the practical
aspects, like how to use a castor oil pack and how to make delicious herbal teas to
improve your digestion.

When you balance your brain chemistry, not only will you alleviate symptoms of
anxiety, you’ll also have a great mood, eliminate cravings, sleep well and have good
energy and mental focus.

Learn to balance brain chemistry with targeted individual amino acid supplements and
quickly alleviate anxiety, fear, worry, panic attacks and feeling stressed or
overwhelmed, when you…
—>>Download your complimentary eGuide, Amino Acids 101 for Anxiety & Gut
Health!
Sources For This Article Include:
1. 2014 Alzheimer’s Disease Facts and Figures Link Here

2. Alzheimer.net – Alzheimer’s Research Spending vs. Annual Care Costs Link Here

3. Selkoe DJ, Lansbury PJ Jr. Alzheimer’s Disease Is the Most Common Neurodegenerative
Disorder. In: Siegel GJ, Agranoff BW, Albers RW, et al., editors. Basic Neurochemistry: Molecular,
Cellular and Medical Aspects. 6th edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1999. Link Here

4. Sabuncu MR, Desikan RS, Sepulcre J, Yeo BT, Liu H, Schmansky NJ, Reuter M, Weiner MW,
Buckner RL, Sperling RA, Fischl B; Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. The dynamics of
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10. Sasaki N, Fukatsu R, Tsuzuki K, Hayashi Y, Yoshida T, Fujii N, Koike T, Wakayama I,

Yanagihara R, Garruto R, Amano N, Makita Z. Advanced glycation end products in Alzheimer’s
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