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    6 C 0 B 55

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    6 C 0 B 55

    Uploaded by

    Marjan Pacavrovski
    2 views21 pages

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    6c0b55_279c16beab2f42b3a9852928681da2be

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    Copyright:

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    2 views21 pages

    6 C 0 B 55

    Uploaded by

    Marjan Pacavrovski

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 21
    3.CTPYKTYPA HA CUCTEMMTE HA PETYSIMPAHbE 3.1 CACTEMM HA PETYIMPAIE Perynupaise e npouec Koj ce onensa 80 cHCTeMOT Ha ynpaaysaibe 3a na ce obes6enn sanosonnrenia pabora Ha oOjeKroT Kora BPs Hero aejcTeyaaaT HapywyBarca. Co apyrn a60p08n non peeynuparse Ce NoapasGupa OAPKYBaiLe Ha Hexoja ronemmia Ha Hejaniara Gapata spenHocr. CycremoT Ha aBToMaToKa perynaLyia BCyWHOCT € SaTBopeH cHcTeM Ha asTomaTcKo ynpaaysaise. Tomefy paSoTata Ha cvCTeMOT Ha aSTOMaTCKO ynpaaysaie cvCTeMoT Ha perynupaibe Hema ronema pasnina, nopanin usTo np aHanvsa Ha ABaTa cvcTeMi Ce KOPMCTH McTa Teopiia M HTH NOMA CAMO CO pyr wntoa, z 1 - us | 2%) Jo Xi Cn.3.1 Crpyrtypen avjarpam na SAU Ako 3a bopmupaise Ha npacunHo ynpasyeaise co oGjexmom ce xopucmu unopmauuja camo 3a omcmanyeamemo Ha Hezoeomo eucmuHcKo OdHecyeabe 00 Hezosomo GapaHo OdHecysaILe, mozau! maxeume cucmemu Ha ynpaeyeame ce HapeveHu cucmemu Ha peeynupaise (SAR). Bo cuctemure Ha perynupaise evoTMcKaTa speAHOCT Ha wanesHaTa Tonemnia nocrojano ce cnopenyea co Hejsntata Gapaka epearocr.Toa e HeonxoqHo 3a Aa MoMe ynpasysatKvOT cvCTeM Aa ja yrapaM pasrwKaTa & omefy Gapavara M evcTHHcKaTa epegHocT Ha vaneaHa ronemmla Ha cvctemor. 3a Taa Yen cHCTeMOT Ha Peryrvpalke uma HeraTHEHa nospaTHa pera Koja urro oscsMonyea pasniKara na Sige MMHnManHa, 3HaMM SanaNaTa Ha noepatHara spora e fa ja npeHece wAcbopmayvjaTa 32 BNCTHHCKaTa BpenHocT Ha vsnesHara roneMMHa sa fa MOKe Taa Aa Ce cnopesiN co GapaHara -35- epeqHocT M eps ocHosa Ha Taa pasnika aa ce chopMmpa noHaTaMoWwHoTo PeryninpatseTo 80 npoyecor. Pasnukara nomefy Capakata w evcT#HoKaTa vanesHa ronewwHa Ha cuctemot ce ByKa epeuma. TpeuKata ce yrepaysa Bo noceBeH ypen — cnopentik. CnopeaHinKoT Ha AujarpaMoT @ npyKaxal CO KpyrMe W9q808HO On ynpasyBasKnor CuCTEM WaKO KCHCTPYKTABHO HEMy My npvnafa, iz Ott R LOX] o i aS E = XH Cn. 3.2 Crpyxrypex aujarpam Ha SAR Ynpasyeasknre cycTema ‘aj cvcTeMATe Ha perynupaike ce euKaaT peeynamopu R. Ynpaeyeaure ronemmm ce eukaaT peeynayucKy Zomemunu, a ynpasysaHnTe ronewwHn ce suKaaT peeymupanu 2oneMuHU. Ynpasyeaskvor oprah ce evka peeynayucku opeay, @ mpoyecor Ha ynpasyBaive ce avka peeynayuja On Anjarpamot ce rena AeKa nomety perynatopoT m oBjeKToT noctow co6ypa¥ 50 Ko} WTO BPs OcHOBa Ha perynaycKaTa ronemvHa y Hapyuyearsara z ce chopmnpa perynayyicka ronemnia Yo Koja anijae aps paorara Ha oOjekror. Npnmep: hevonst @ Cn. 3.3 Perynaypyja Wa Hna0 Ha TesHOCT 80 pesepsoapoT =36- Bo pesepaoapor 1 ce nosenyea TeuHOcT on UssKara 2, a ce onsenyea ‘TeuHocT of yeeKaTa 3. TloTpedHo e Aa ce ORpKYBa KOHCTaHTHO HMBOTO Ha ‘TeuHOCT BO PesepBApoT. AKO qi > qo HMBOTO 80 pesepsoapor Ke ce sroneMn noBaKor 4 Ke Ce NpHABMOKK HarOpe 3aemHO Co BepTuKANKWOT NoCT. JleBHOT KPaj on nocror 5 ke ce saneinxn Hanony, Ke ja npmjsvoKn nperpanara 6 co usTo Ke ce Haman noToKoT Ha TesHocT Bo pesepscapor. Bo HaseneHMoT npnMep perynatop e@ nperpanata 6, a oSjeKt & Pesepsoapor 1. Perynupana ronewmiia © HMBOTO Ha TeYHOCT, @ perynaycka Fonewmvia @ nomectysaibeTo Ha nperpanara, Bresva ronemmna Wa cucTeMoT @ sananeHoTo HiBO Ha TeHOCT (npMMep-pesepsoapoT Tea Aa Onge nonH) EnemerT Ha nospaTiara apoka ce nnowaxoT 4 4 nocToswTe 5. MospaTHa Fonemnia Ha CHcTeMoT @ NonoNSara Ha nnosaKoT 4 Koja nocTojaHo ce cnopenyea co samaneHara ronemmla (non pesepsoap) 3a Aa ce yTepAM Perynauckara ronemuna, NPALUAHDA Vi SAAUM: 1, Kon cvcTeMm Ha ynpasyBalse ce BuKaaT cvucTeMM Ha perynpaibe? 2. LTo e KapakrepicTuuo 2a cucTeMuTe Ha perynnparse? 3. Haupraj ro aujarpamor Ha cvCTeMOT Ha perynuparbe W OGjachh mM Herosure qenoBu 4 roneminHn, 4. Hasean npmep sa cucTem Ha perynupaike mM upeHTuchiKysaj mM Werosnre enoBM W roneMnHin, 3.2 OPTAHM HA CMCTEMMTE HA PETYNIMPAHDE Sagavara Ha perynaropor ¢ 8p3 ocvosa Ha ucbopMaLyjjara 3a rpeuKara Ha perynipaHara ronewaHa fa oGesGenn sanoBonysauKa paOoTa Ha OjeKTOT, Ges jam seme npeasna Hapyuiysaiara. Sa ocTeepysaise Ha oBaa sanava Perynatopor TpeGa na conpxi OApeneHM ypenM Kon Ce BuKAaT Opeanu. ¥ eat 4 eh EH Pe} bho ue 7 J C134 Oprah Ha cucTemure Ha perynpalse -37- Ha crvKata @ npetcTapeH onut crpykrypeH awjarpam Ha cCTeM Ha Peryninpaibe, Koj wiTo ce cocToM on perynarop M objekT. OpraHitTe KOM WTO ‘TpeGa fa TM COnpxN cHCTeMOT Ha peryrwpatbe 3a na Moxe na ja W3EpuM ceojara samava ce cnenture: Oprann Ha perynatopor: 1. 3a@aea4 — oprah 3a nocrasyease m namreike Ha Sapanoro onnecysatbe Ha oSjexror. 2. Mepen opean — wma saqava qa wepUM MepeIbe Ha BUCTHHCKaTa epeqHoct Ha perynupavata ronemmia wm qa vcnpaTh cman sa Hea 80 cooupasor. 3. Cnopedyeay ~ wma sagaua aa ja yrapan rpewxara (orcranysarbero Ha BcTAHCKOTO Of GapaloTo ORHEcyBaibe Ha OOjekKToT) m a MenparH cMrHan 3a Hea 4,5,6,7. Kopexyuonu npenocnu opeanu - cnyxar sa na MoKe perynaropor na oea6enu coonseTHo onHecysaibe aps oOjexror. 8. Wsepwen opeaH Ha peeynamopom — wwa sana na oGes6eqn AOBONeH NHTeHSHTET Ha AejCTBO 7.€. cna Ha Re\cTBO Koja Ke Gnae AOBONHa 3a TOwHO M ec>uKACHO ABINKeHbe Ha PerynaUVCKMOT Opral Ha OOjeKTOT. Oprann Ha oGjeKror: 9. Peeynayucku opean Ha oGjexmom ~ mma sagava Bp ocHoBa Ha NpwmeHwoT cHrHan Of perynaTopoT fa WepLM NpoMeHA Ha perynupaHara ronemina Ha cucremor. 10. PaGomen den Ha o6jexmom — vwa sanava na oGes6enn wsenHasyaaise Ha perynipakara ronemiva Co Hejsntara sananea BpenHocT. Hekoraw WeKon oA HaBeReHHTe OpraHn KOHCTpyKTNBHO ce MaBeReHn saeHo KaKO eek eneMmeHT Koj MaBpLIVEa CbyHKLKjaTa Ha NoBeke opraHn MPALUAHDA 1 SAAUN: 1. Koja e sanavara Ha perynatopoT 80 cucTeMoT Ha perynupaibe? 2. Kon opraiu rm conpxu perynaTopor M Koja e HvBHaTa Sanaa? 3. Kon opraku rm conpxu oBjeKror a Koja e HMBHaTa saqaua? 3.3 PETYNATOPM 3.3.1 PETYMATOPH — BUAOBM MM NOBENBA Mloctojar noweée nogendu Ha perynaropire, Bo aaBMcHoct on eneprujara norpe6xa 2a 3aqaMKyaaibe Ha HaBpWlHHTe opranM nocrojar: 1. Peaynamopu co dupexmHo dejemao 2, Peeynamopu co undupexmHo dejcmao Kaj perynaTopuTe co aupeKTHo AejcTEO NA npoMeHa Ha perynupavara Fonemnia WaBpWHHOT OpraH ce SanBMKyBa Co KOpHCTeHbe Ha eHeprujaTa WTO @ Ha pacnonaraibe 80 o6jexror. Osve perynatopn moxar Aa ce KOpHcTaT camo xora MepHMOT cian e AOBONHO roreM 3a SenBYKKyBalse Ha MsepUHTe OpraH -38- Kaj perynatopre co mAAMpeKTHO pejoTs0 3a sanaMMysarbe Ha waepwihiTe opraHin ce KOpHCTA NOMOWHa eHeprija (nHeaMaToKa, eneKTpMuHa, xnapaynista) Gael MepeHvOT crrHan He e AOB0nHo MokeH 3a fa TM sa8vixn waepwikwre oprann. Cnopen evjoT Ha nomowHaTa eHepruja perynaTopuTe co vHampextho fejcTa moxaT fa OngaT: nHeaMaTCKN, xMApAyNMUHN, ENeKTPAUHH A Kom6nnnpann, Bo 3aBMcHocT om KapakTepuctukata Ha fe|cTsO Ha perynatopor, ce Pasnimyeaat cnegtwre sHaoEn Ha perynaTopi 1. Mponopuuonannu (P) pezynamopu 2. Nponopyuovanto uxmeepannu (PI) peeynamopu 3. Nponopyuovanio-uumeepanto Oucpepenyujannu (PID) peeynamopu 4, Wameepannu () pezynamopu 5. Mponopyuonanno upepenyujannu (PD) peeynamopu Mpswre Tpn Bia Ha perynaToph uMaaT WMpOKa NpMMeHa, a YeTEpTHOT M eTTHOT eva perynaTopH nopeTKo ce KOPUCTaT. lon kapaxmepucmuxa na dejcmeo Ha peeynamopom ce noapasGupa engoT Ha ynpaBysaibe Ha PerynaropoT 80 saBvCHOCT On yHKYMOHANHaTa NoBpsaHocT Ha rpeukaTa, Koja @ BnesHa ronemaHa Ha Perynaropor, m Perynauyickara ronemmia Koja € wanesHa ronemmHa Ha perynaTopoT 1 Co Koja ‘oj nejcTayea aps o6jeKror. TIPALLIAHSA V1 SAQAUM: 1. Koja e pasnikara nomefy perynatop co AmpeKTHo sejcTs0 perynarop co wHaupexrHo nejcrso? 2 llr ce nonpasovpa non xapaxTepmcrama Ha fejors0 Ha perynaropor? 3. Kayan woxar ja Owar perynatopnTe cnopem KapaKTepucraKara Ha aejcr20? 3.3.2 PETYMATOPM CO AMPEKTHO M MHDMPEKTHO AEJCTBO PETYNIATOPM CO AMPEKHO AEJCTBO Kaj perynaropire co aupeKTHo AejcTs0 np npomeHa Ha peryrmpakara Fonemnna WaePWHHOT opraH Ce saqenkysa Co KOpHCTeibe Ha eHeprvjara WTO @ Ha pacnonaraise 80 objekToT. Taa uMa AOBONHa javitHa 3a JanBMxyBAHbe Ha \Wa8pWlHMOT OpraH usTO OBDMOMYBa MaEpUIYBAHLe Ha NPOYECOT Ha perynaunia. Ha crnkara 3.6 @ AaneH npmmep sa perynatop co AMpexTHO AgjCTEO. Totpe6io e aa ce maBpuun perynauyja Ha NpUTHCOKOT Ha racoT BO pesepeoapoT 1, Sa saqevonysaibe Ha W3BpWUHMOT OpraH Ce KOPHCTH eHepryjara Ha TaCoT on pesepsoapor. -39- Cn.3.5 Perynarop co aupexTHo nejcrao Co saaprxara 1 npyxntara ce nonecysa nonoxOara Ha meMOpanara 4 80 saBNcHOCT of noTpeGKMOT NPHTHCOK Ha racoT BO PesepcapoT 1. Kora ApwTwcoKoT Ha racoT B80 pesepsoapor Ke onanHe (SapanM sronemeHa oTpouyeasKa Ha rac) 80 pesepsoapoT qoafa rac npery YeaKaTa 2 on \wBpWHMOT OPra 3 Ko] BO chyYajoT © MHeBMaTcKM MoTOP. Ha To) Hail pwTwcoKoT Ha racoT OA AOMHaTa cTpaHa Ha MeMOpaHaTa 4 ce Hamanyea. Mem6panara ce sansiokyea Hanony M mM noTMcHyBa BepTiKanHHOT noct 5M BeHTwnot 6 Hagony. BeHTunor 6 ce oTB0pa, BO pesepsoapoT Hasneryea oronema KonmMinHa Ha Tac CO UsTO NpMTHCOKOT Ce sronemyea m Ce AoBeAysa Ha Sapanara spemvocr. SHa¥n, 80 O80 NpHMep e WaBeAeHa AMPEKTHa perynauMia, co aupexreH perynatop, Kage uo eHepryjata Ha racoT e wcKopucTeHa 3a samevixysatbe Ha M38pLLNWOT OpraH. Bo HasegeHvoT Npnwep co saBprKaTa M npyxnHaTa ce sanasa GapaHara BpeaHOCT Ha NpMTHCOKOT BO PesePBoapOT, WTO 3HaYM THe Ce sanaBaY BO cuctemor. MewOparara 4 © cnopeayeay Koj ja yrepaysa pasnmKara Ha BuCTHHcKaTa M apanara BpeRHOCT Ha npyTacoKoT, MHeBMarcKHoT MoTOP 3 € aepuleH oprah Ha perynaTopoT Koj ja cbopmupa perynauyicKaTa ronemuta WTO 80 08aj cny'aj € aeioKersero Ha nOcTOT 5. BeHTinoT 6 e perynayackn opral Ha OGjekToT Koj aps OcHoBa Ha perynaupcxaTa ronewmHa ce OTBOPA Inn saTsOpa M ponywsra onpemeHo KonMYecTsO Tac BO PesepEoapoT. PesepsoapoT 1 @ pa6oteH jen Ha oBjektor Kane noafa nO weAHaYyBalbe Ha SvCTHHCKATa WM Gapanara epenHocT Ha npwTUAcoKOT Ha racoT. -40- PETYMIATOPH CO MHQMPEKTHO AEJCTBO Kaj perynatopure co wHaMpeKTHo gejcTao 3a saqamkyeae Ha vaBpulHMoT OpraH ce KOPUCTH NOMOUIHa eHeprija, 2aTOA WTO eHEprujara Koja @ Ha pacnonaraise 80 OOjeKTOT He © AOBONHA Ja JA/leMUKyBaILe Ha KIBPLHOT opran. C1n.3.6 Perynarop co unqupextHo nejcreo Ha crukara 3.6 naneH perynatop co uAqupexTHo pejcreo. Mlorpe6Ho e na ce waBpum perynaunja Ha_npmTucoKOT Ha racoT 80 pesepsoapor 7. Co ToMOW a sapprkara 1 w npyxvara 2 ce nogecysa nonoxGava Ha nocToT 3, @ co Toa Mt oTpeOHNOT NPATUCOK Ha raCoT BO pesepEOApOT. Npeky NHeEMaTCKHOT BOA 4 ce ‘oBeAysa rac Ko} CnyxN 3a sageMxyearbe Ha MeMOPanaTa of M3EpURNOT OpraH 5 w 3anpnxyaaise Ha BeHTANOT 6. AKO NPATACOKOT Ha TacoT 8O pesepBoapor 7 ce Hamann sapani sronemysatse Ha NOTPoUlysaNKaTa, MeMOpaHaTa NOCTOT Om InHeBMaTcKnOT MOTOp 8 ce saqevoKyBaaT Hagony. Co Toa ce SanBMKyBA M NOCTOT 3 Hanony W ro aaTeapa eopoT 4. Tloronemo KONMeCTEO rac Haaneryea 80 aepuiHnoT opraH 5, MeMOpaHata m nocToT ce saqewKysaaT Hanony M ro oTeopaar sexTHnor 6, Toronemo KonM4ecreo rac Hasnerysa BO Pesepsoapor, Co urTo npwrucoKoT eo pesepscapoT ce sronemysa m ce noBenyea Ha CapaHara Bpennocr. Bo npwwepoT 2a 3anBWOKBaibe Ha MOBpLLAMOT opraH 5 ce KOpMCTA omouna nHeaMarcxa eHeprvja. Bo HapeneHnoT npuMep co sasprkara 1m npywuHara 2 ce nonecysa oTpeOHHOT NpHTUCOK Ha raCOT 8O PEsepROAPOT, LITO aHAYN THE Ce aNABAM BO cucremor. MHesmarckvoT moTop 8 @ MepeH oprah Koj ja Mepm MOMeHTHaTa BpenHOCT Ha NpMTHCOKOT Ha racoT BO PesepsoapoT W Aasa cHMHaN 3a Hero CO omectyeaise Ha BepTaKanHvoT ocr. XopHaoHTanHMOT nocT 3 @ cnopeayea4 oj ja yrapayea rpewxara, MHesMaroKioT 8on 4 @ sacunyea4 u npeTeopay 3aToa UuTO feWKerseTO Ha nocToT 3 ro npeTEopa BO NpMTuCOK UO AOAfa BO HesMarcKHoT MoTop 5. MHeaMaTcKoT MoTop 5 @ WaepWeH OpraH Ha

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