Libro Fisico English File.

Alejandra Hernández Bula.

Universitaria Agustiniana.
Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas.
Programa de Negocios Internacionales.
Bogota, D.C.
2017
 Libro Fisico English File.

Alejandra Hernández Bula.

Profesor
Luis Alexander Saray Castro.

Trabajo de quinto semestre para optar a la nota del primer corte.

Universitaria Agustiniana.
Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas.
Programa de Negocios Internacionales.
Bogota, D.C.
2017
UNIT 3A
1. VOCABULARY AND SPEAKING.
1.A. Listen. What forms of transport can you hear? Write 1-8 in the boxes.

1.B. P. 155 VOCABULARY BANK- TRANSPORT

1.B.1. Public transport and vehicles.
1.B.1.A. Match the words and the photos.

1.B.1.B. Listen and check.

I hear the audio and all is correct.
1.B.2. On the road.
1.B.2.A. Complete the compound nouns.
1.B.2.B. Listen and check.
I hear the audio and all is correct.

1.B.3. How long does it take?

1.B.3.A. Read the information box. Then talk to a partner.
1. How do you get to work/ school? How long does it take?
When I go to university I take the bus, and it takes me about an hour and a half.
2. How long does it take to get from your house to the town centre?
My house is very far, therefore it can take me about two hours to get to the town centre.

1.B.4. Phrasal verbs

1.B.4.A. Complete the phrasal verbs with a word from the list.

1.B.4.B. Listen and check.

I hear the audio and all is correct.

1.C. Communication: I'm a tourist- can you help me? A p.106 B p. 111 Role- play being a
tourist.
1.C. P. 106 A.
1.C. I’m a tourist- Can you help me?
1.C.A. Imagine you are an English- Speaking tourist in your town/ city (or the nearest big town). B lives
in the town. You are planning to get around using public transport. Ask B questions 1-5. Get as much
information from B as you can.
1. What kind of public transport is there?
In Bogota we handle seven types of transport: taxi, bus, transmilenio, car, motorcycle, bicycle and on
the outskirts of the city some people move on horseback.
2. What’s the best way for me to get around the city?
I would recommend that you transport yourself by transmilenio, it is not the safest transport but it is fast
and cheap.
3. Can I hire the bike? Are there any cycle lanes?
I do not know any place where they rent bicycles, but in the shopping centers they lend you a bicycle at
no cost, in addition to the fact that in most of the city we operate bicycle lanes.
4. Is it easy to find taxis? How expensive are they?}
It depends on the weather or the time, normally it is easy but when it is raining it is almost impossible,
but there is also the option of the applications where you can order a taxi.
5. What’s the best way to get to the airport from the town centre? How long does it take?
I suppose that the best means of transport for the journey is a bus, I would not know how to indicate
the time it takes but I suppose it is long.

1.C.B. Then change roles, B is an English-speaking tourist in your town/city, and has hired a car.
Answer B’s questions and give as much information as you can.
I will do this role in the next exercise.

1.C. P. 111.
1.C.A. Think of the town/ city where you are, or the nearest big town. A is a foreign tourist who is
planning to get around using public transport. You live in the town. Answer A’s questions and give as
information as you can.
I did this role in the previous exercise.

1.C.B. Then change roles. You are an English-speaking tourist in your town/city. A lives in the town.
You have hired a car. Ask A questions 1-5. Get as much information from A as you can.
1. What time is the rush hour in this town?
In Bogota there are two rush hours, the first is from 6.30 am to 8:00 am and the second is from 5:00 pm
to 7:00 pm.
2. Where are there often traffic jams?
I don't know much about the roads but I suppose that in Caracas and close to my neighborhood is
Avenida Suba.
3. What’s the speed limit? Are there speed cameras anywhere?
The speed limit in Bogota is 60 km/h and we find cameras on the busiest roads in Bogota.
4. What will happen if I park somewhere illegal?
They can give you a ticket or take your impounded car.
5. Where’s the nearest tourist attraction outside the city? How long does it take to drive there?
There are several attractions, for example go horseback riding or visit the beautiful towns of Bogota,
you can also visit water parks.

2. PRONUNCIATION
2.A. Look at the sound pictures. What are the words and sounds? Listen and repeat.
2.B. Write three words from the list in each column.

2.C. Listen and check. Practise saying the words.

I hear the audio and all is correct, also I practise my pronunciation.

2.D. Listen to the pairs of words. Can you hear the difference? Practise saying them.
I heard the audio and I noticed the difference between some, but in others it was more difficult to listen to it.

2.E. Listen and circle the word you hear.

2.F. Listen and write five short sentences or questions.

1. Do you like chips?
2. I’m going to wash it.
3. You choose.
4. Don’t joke about it.
5. Is it cheap?

3. READING AND LISTENING.

3.A. You are going to read about a race across London. Read the introduction. Where do they have to
go from? Where to? What are the four forms of transport?
The race will start at Kew Bridge and they will go to London Airport, where they will use 4 types of transport, a
bike, a car, a motorboat and public transport.

3.B. Talk to a partner.

1. Which one do you think will be the fastest? Why?
For me the fastest transport will be the motor boat, because in the water it will not have any obstacle to
move in addition to having a lot of power.
2. In what order do you think the other three will arrive? Why?
I suppose that the second to arrive after the motor boat is going to be the car, then the bike and finally
the public transport, since it continues to pick up passengers, and a car has a lot of power compared to
a bike.

3.C. Now read about the journey by boat, bike, and car. Do you still think your predictions in b are
correct?
No, I was wrong, as I read that win will be the move on the bike.

3.D. Speed challenge! In three minutes, read about the three questions with Je (Jeremy), R (Richard),
or Ja (James).
Who..?

3.E. Look at the highlighted verb phrases related to travel and transport, With a partner, work out their
meaning from the context.
● Turned around: It's when you have to take yourself back somewhere.
● Was ahead of: It is when you go ahead of something or surpass someone.
● Crash into: When two types of transportation have an accident or something like that.
● Turned red: When the traffic light turns red and you need to stop.
● Get stuck: When you are in a place and you cannot move from there because there is some obstacle
that does not allow it.
● Getting worse: When a situation gets worse than it was just now.

3.F. Now listen to what happened to The Stig and look at the map. What route did he take? What
information or warning do you hear when you are travelling on The Tube?
The route that Stig took was first to take a bus from Acton Town to the Monument, from there he took a train to
West Ham, from there he got off the train and took a tube from Docklands to be only ten stops from the arrival
point. He recommends that we be aware of the distance between the subway and the sidewalk, in addition to
the fact that most people on these transports read newspapers.

3.G. With a partner, write down the order in which you now think the four people arrived. Then listen to
what happened. What order did they arrive in? Why do you think that Jeremy Clarkson was annoyed?
I suppose that the first to arrive was Richard, after him Jeremy arrived, third came Stig and finally James.
Indeed, as I assumed, Richard came first, Jeremy second, Stig third and James last. Jeremy was surprised
because a bicycle is much slower than a boat, however, being like that, he arrived first.

3.H. Think of your nearest big city. What kind of public transport is there? If a race was organized there
between a bike, a car, and public transport, what order do you think they would arrive in?
In my city you handle five important types of transport, which are Bus, Transmilenio, car, motorcycle and
bicycle, if there was a race of that type in my country, in my opinion the bicycle would win, because in this city
there are many traffic jams even for public transport.

4. GRAMMAR- CHOOSING BETWEEN COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES.

4.A. Read the sentences. Are the highlighted phrases right or wrong? Correct the wrong phrases.

4.B. P. 136 Grammar Bank 3A

4.C. Talk to a partner. Compare the three things in using the bold adjective, e.g. for 1, decide which is
the most dangerous, and then compare the other two. Say why.

1. Dangerous.
● The most dangerous is riding a motorbike, because you don't have direct protection and have
too much power.
● Driving is more dangerous than cycling, because cars are very serious accidents.
 2. Easy
● Learning to ride a horse is easier than learning to drive, because it doesn’t have many things to
learn.
● Learning to ride a bike is the easiest thing, because you have props for the process.
3. Relaxing
● The most relaxing thing is flying anywhere, because you don’t feel it when it moves.
● Driving is more relaxing than travelling by train, because you are alone and it is a comfortable
place.
4. Difficult
● Sleeping on a coach is more difficult than sleeping on a train, because both of them move very
much.
● Sleeping on a plane is most difficult for you to feel rested, and this causes back pain.
5. Boring
● Being stuck in a traffic jam is more boring than waiting at an airport, because you can’t move of
the car. If you feel tired or hungry, you can only support that.
● Waiting for a bus is the most boring thing that you have to support.

5. LISTENING AND PRONUNCIATION- LINKING

5.A. Read the text about research into causes of car accidents. Then talk to a partner.
1. Do you think the research process was reliable? Why (not)?
Yes, it is a very reliable study, because it was done by two scientists who analyzed different recordings
of the streets in which these accidents occur and the most common reasons.
2. Which three things do you think are the most dangerous? Number them 1-3 (1= the most dangerous).
1. Look at the cell phone while we are driving.
2. Driving drunk or with any substance that affects abilities.
3. Driving without having slept at all.
3. Which one do you think is the least dangerous?
There is nothing that is not dangerous, since anything like that is small can cause a big accident.

5.B. You’re going to listen to an interview with a traffic safety expert. First, read the information box
above. The listen and complete some extracts with linked words from the interview.
I read the information in the box above and it seemed very clear to me.

5.C. Now listen to the interview. Number the activities in a 1-8. Were your top three correct?
It was not correct, but I do mention one of the reasons that causes very serious accidents.
5.D. Listen again. Note down a number of facts about each dangerous activity.
1. Feeling emotional, ten times more likely to have an accident.
2. Reaching for something in the car, If you’re reaching down, or trying to get something from the back
seat, then you aren’t looking at the road, and you’re nine times more likely to have an accident.
3. Looking at something by the road, they don’t realize that by looking at the accident and not at the road,
the chance of having an accident themselves goes up over seven times. In fact this is a really common
cause of accidents on motorways.
4. Adjusting the satnav, which can be very distracting, and makes you nearly five times more likely to
have an accident.
5. Feeling tired, 60% of drivers say they’ve driven when tired in the last year, so it’s a big problem – and
you can lose control of your car completely.
6. Adjusting the radio or music system, this makes you twice as likely to have an accident.
7. Eating or drinking, , because again you normally take one hand off the wheel, and the eighth is talking
to a passenger, because again you normally take one hand off the wheel.
8. Talking to a passenger, which can be distracting because the driver often turns to look at the
passenger
5.E. Are you surprised by any of this research? Which of the things are you (or drivers you know) most
likely to do when driving?
Yes, this helps so that when one is driving, do not make these mistakes and a tragedy can be avoided, one of
the most common is to see the cell phone while driving or change the radio.

6. SPEAKING
6.A. Look at the statements below. Tick (/) the ones you agree with and cross (x) the ones you disagree
with. Think about your reasons.
I already have my reasons, I will give them in the next point.
6.B. In groups, take turns to give your opinions on a statement in a. Do the others in the group agree
or disagree with you? Use the language from the Giving your opinion box.
1. Personally, I think that it should not be such a radical decision, they can be given a second chance, it
may have been a mistake.
2. In my opinion, driving slowly can notice more things on the roads and brake efficiently if necessary.
3. I suppose that these cameras are to see in which street the most common accidents happen and to
look for something to reduce them.
4. Personally, I think that people over 70 may have some impairment in their senses, such as sight or
hearing, and this can be dangerous especially at night.
5. In my opinion, cyclists should ride only in their lane, as on the road they may not see them or simply
crash into them.
6. I think that drinking could be used if you handle a glass with a straw, so as not to have to obstruct your
vision and that it is something fast.
7. In my opinion, that age should be approved because a responsible person who has some knowledge
about it is necessary.
8. Personally, motorcycles must handle a low speed, since having no protection and a lot of speed can
cause a fatal accident.
7. WRITING
7. P. 117 Writing An article for a website. Write an article about transport in your town or city.
7.A. Look at the four forms of public transport in London. Which one do you think is probably?
● A double-decker bus is the best for sightseeing.
● Hiring a cycle is the healthiest.
● The Tube is the most expensive.
● A black cab is the safest late at night.
7.B. Read the article from a website about public transport in London and check your answers to a.
Then answer these questions from memory.
1. What can you use an Oyster card for?
It is a card that makes the passage in the subway cheaper.
2. How much does it cost to hire a bike?
 It costs two euros to rent every half hour, but the first thirty minutes are free.
3. What’s the difference between a black cab and a minicab?
The black cabs are more expensive but much more comfortable transport, while the minicabs are only
for companies or office things.
7.C. Read the article again and complete the gaps with a preposition from the list.

7.D. Write an article about transport in your nearest big town or city. Plan what headings you’re going
to use and what to say about each form of transport. Use the language from the Transport in your town
box and Vocabulary Bank- Transport p.155 to help you.

The complicated transportation of Bogota.

In Bogota we handle six main types of transport which are: motorcycle, car, bicycle, transmilenio, bus and
taxis.
The most dangerous means are the motorcycle and the bicycle, since you do not have any type of protection
of your vehicle, however these are also the fastest means of transport, the motorcycle is more expensive than
the bicycle, if you want to use a bicycle you can rent it at a mall.
If you want to be calm, I recommend renting a car, but don't leave between 6:00 and 7:30 am or 5:00 and 7:00
pm, because they are rush hours in this city.
The buses are not very comfortable, but they are cheaper than the transmilenio. If you have to go to different
places it is better to travel by Transmilenio.
7.E. Check your article for mistakes (grammar, vocabulary, punctuation, and spelling)
To my knowledge I think everything is correct.

UNIT 3B
1. SPEAKING AND READING
1.A. Listen to three people talking about men and women and complete the highlighted expressions.
Do you agree with their opinions?
I agree with some, such as that women care more about grooming than men and if we spend too much time
choosing what to wear.
I do not agree that men are the most interested in sports, only that the person notices men more in sports than
women.
1.B. In small groups, discuss the statements below. Say if you think they are a) completely true, b)
partly true, or c) completely untrue. Try to use the highlighted expressions from a.
Do you think it’s true?
● Men make better bosses than women.- It is completely false, men and women can be good bosses. I
even believe that women can become better.
● Women are more caring than men.- It is partly true, some women tend to be affectionate, however not
all are that way and I know men who are more affectionate than their girlfriends.
● Men are better at telling jokes than women.- This is completely true, men's jokes can be funnier than
women's.
● Women talk more than men.- It may be partly true, however it depends on the context in which we are,
in business there may be a possibility that men speak more.
● Men are better at navigating than women.- This is completely true, since navigate requires more
strength and can become a more suitable job for a man.
● Women are worse at maths than men.- This is completely false, this only depends on the talents and
how much you like math.
● Men are more competitive than women.- This is completely false, it just depends on your skills and how
much you want to earn that.
● Women panic more than men in stressful situations.- This is completely false, it also depends on how
they handle or control themselves in these situations but not on their type of sex.
● Men are better at assembling IKEA furniture than women.- This is completely true, men like to put
things together and follow directions.
● Women can multitask better than men.- This is completely true, women know how to distribute time in
such a way that we can do everything and if we don't do it, we do it on time.
1.C. Read the article about stereotypes. Complete headings 1-5 with statements from b.
1.D. Read the article again. Which of the stereotypes 1-5 has been verified by research one..?
a. With animals.- Women talk more than men.
b. By giving participants questionnaires.- Women panic more than men in stressful situations.
c. Through practical experiments with men and women.- Women can multitask better than men.
1.E. Look at the highlighted verbs related to research in the article and answer the questions.
1.F. Many people would disagree that these five stereotypes are true, in spite of the research. What do
you think? With a partner, think of more stereotypes about men and women and discuss if you think
they’re true or not.
I agree with some of the stereotypes they explain, but some are very sexist and at this point things have
changed too much.
Other stereotypes that I have heard is that only women like the color pink, which is false to me since the colors
are for all people, another is that men are stronger than women, and this is a true part, because some women
tend to be stronger than men.

2. GRAMMAR- ARTICLES
2.A. Complete four jokes with a/an, the, or- (no article).

2.B. Listen and check. Do you think any of the jokes are funny?
The only one that seemed funny to me was the first one because it did have some truth haha.
2.C. P. 137 GRAMMAR BANK 3B
3. PRONUNCIATION- TWO PRONUNCIATIONS OF THE
3.A. Listen to the words and sound. Then listen and repeat.
I practise the pronunciation of these words while I hear the audio.
3.B. Listen and underline five phrases where the is pronounced. Why does the pronunciation change?
Which phrase in the list is an excepcion

I think it changes when there is a vowel near the article The, the exception would be The internet.
3.C. Practise saying some common phrases where the is pronounced.
I practise the pronunciation of these words while I hear the audio.

4. LISTENING AND SPEAKING.

4.A. Look at the list of toys below. Which ones do you think a)girls play with more than boys, b) boys
play with more than girls, c) boys and play with equality?
Boys play more with construction toys than girls.
Girls play more with dolls than boys.
Girls play more with dressing-up clothes than boys.
Boys and girls play with jigsaws.
Boys and girls play with soft toys.
Boys play more with toy vehicles than girls.
Boys play more with toy weapons than girls.
4.B. Look at two photos from The Pink and Blue Project by South Korean artist JeongMee Yoon. What
do you think she is saying with these images?
I guess the girl loves the color pink and princesses, she likes to dress her dolls and dress up as a princess
every day, and the girl loves blue color, she likes car toys especially trains.
4.C. Listen to a programme about children and stereotypes. What is surprising about dressing children
in pink or blue? Do Alison and Natasha agree about the colour of children’s toys?
The surprising thing is that this influences the children to choose one of the two, it does not allow them to
choose in a natural way besides that they do not agree, because in the past it was said that blue was for girls
and pink for boys. , and that if we seek equality it is necessary that we begin with the colors.
4.D. Listen again. Choose a, b or c.
4.E. Talk to a partner.
1. Do you agree with Alison and Natasha's opinions? What do you think about dividing toys into “girls”
toys” and “boys”toys”?
Yes, I agree, because it is not a good thing that we try to influence someone in some way and less
when it is easier to do it, less than dividing the toys all should be in the same place and be equal for
both parties, in addition to that the toys do not have any type of specific sex.
2. What kind of toys did you play with? Do you think they were “girls” toys” or “boys”toys”?
When I was a little girl, I really liked playing with stuffed animals and I really liked coloring or any kind of
book.
3. When you were a child, what kind of clothes did you prefer? Did your parents ever make you wear
clothes that you didn’t like?
My parents did not influence me with any color, I really liked bright colors like red or orange and I also
used blue a lot, the only thing I did not like were the skirts, they seemed very uncomfortable.

5. VOCABULARY- COLLOCATION
5.A. Look at three statements from the listening. Can you remember the missing prepositions?

5.B. P. 156 VOCABULARY BANK- DEPENDENT PREPOSITIONS.

1. AFTER VERBS.
1.A. Complete the preposition column with a word from the list. You can use some words more than
once.
1.B. Listen and check.
I hear and all is correct.
2. AFTER ADJECTIVES
2.A. Complete the preposition column with a word from the list. You can use some words more than
once.
2.B. Listen and check.
I hear and all is correct.
5.C. Complete the questions with a preposition.

5.D. Listen and check. Then ask and answer the questions with a partner.
I hear and all is correct.
1. We talk about many topics, such as series and movies, our pets, and anything, I don't really have a
specific topic.
2. I'm good at playing volleyball, I'm not the best but I know some things about the sport.
3. At the moment I am waiting for a package that I ordered this morning.
4. I don't have a very close family member, I guess my friends are closer than my family.
5. I am very excited about superhero movies or any sad movie.
6. I am too afraid of spiders and snakes, little bugs give me a lot of anxiety.
7. My country is very famous for avocado or coffee.
8. I believe in two superstitions which are, that I do not see myself in a mirror that is broken or I do not
open an umbrella inside a closed place.
9. I do not like to see the news of the covid much, they are very sad and they change your day.
10. The last person I got mad at was my brother, because we were fighting and he hit me.
11. Yes, I bought a weekly planner, I like to organize my time.
12. It depends on how much you study and what kind of teacher is the one who is going to take the exam.

PRACTICAL ENGLISH- A DIFFICULT CELEBRITY

1. ROB’S INTERVIEW
1.A. Watch or listen to Rob interviewing Kerri. What is she happy and not happy to talk about?
She likes to talk about how she started in music and what she does now, but she doesn't like being reminded
of her old band or her last relationship.
1.B. Watch or listen again and mark the sentences T (True) or F (False). Correct the F sentences.
1. Kerri’s song is about love.- T
2. Kerri plays in a band.-F.- Kerri played in a band.
3. She used to go out with a member of the band.- T
4. Only one of her parents was a musician.- T
5. Kerry started playing the guitar when she was six. -F.- Kerry started playing the guitar when she was
four.
6. Her new album is very different from the previous one. -T
7. She’s been recording and touring recently.-F.- She has been writing and recording new songs.
 8. She’s going to give a big concert in New York.-F.- She’s going to give a concert in a club.
2. GIVING OPINIONS.
2.A. Watch or listen to the conversation at lunch. What do they disagree about?
They begin to disagree because of the waiters' attention, since they say they are always there and because of
the difference between the two cities.
2.B. Watch or listen again and answer the questions.
1. What does Kerri think about…?
a. the waiters in New York compared to London.-They say London servers are very intense, while
New York servers are only there when you need them.
b. people in New York compared to London.-They say that London is a very calm and relaxed city
and that it has its charm, however New York is a very big city with many exciting feelings.
2. Who agrees with Kerri? Who disagrees? What do they think?- Rob agrees because he thinks New
York is very dangerous and hectic, but Don disagrees because he says they are very nice and it is a
very big city, so does Jenny.
3. Who phones Rob? What about?-It was the taxi driver, reporting that one of the two had left her cell
phone in the car.
2.C. Look at some extracts from the conversation. Can you remember any of the missing words?
Watch or listen and check.
2.D. Watch or listen and repeat the highlighted phrases. Copy the rhythm and intonation.
● Personally, I think
● But in my opinion
● Don’t you agree?
● To be honest
● What do you think?
● Ok. I agree
● But, If you ask me
● I don’t think that’s right
● Oh sure
2.E. Practise the conversations in c with a partner.
I practiced with my friend at the university.
2.F. In small groups, practise giving opinions. Discuss the following sentences.
1. The best place to live is in a big city.
The best place to live are the big cities, one of the cities in which I would like to live would be Sidney, it
seems to me that it is a very interesting place with great job competitiveness, in addition to being a
highly developed country.
2. Cycling is the most practical way to get around big cities.
I do not agree, for me riding a bicycle is very tiring, besides it makes you sweaty to the places you want
to go, although it is a good exercise, it does not make me get to work faster.
3. You only get good service in expensive restaurants.
I do not agree, for me an economical restaurant if it has good customer service and dedicates time and
love to its preparations can be one of the best restaurants.
4. It’s irritating when people in shops or restaurants say Have a nice day!
I do not agree, for me when they say that phrase it is a gesture of kindness and generates trust with
your advisor.
3. A SURPRISE FOR KERRI
3.A. Watch or listen to the end of the lunch. Why is Kerri surprised?
Kerri was surprised by the attitude of the taxi driver, for going to return the cell phone and that he was very
kind with that gesture.
3.B. Watch or listen again and complete the information.
1. Kerri thinks the waitress is friendly when they leave because Don leave a very good tip.
2. Jenny is worried because she thinks Rob wants to live in London again.
3. Kerri thinks that the taxi driver is very kind.
3.C. Look at the Social English phrases. Can you remember any of the missing words?
I just remember Jenny saying mean, I don't remember anything else about these sentences.
3.D. Watch or listen and complete the phrases. Then watch or listen again and repeat.

3.E. Complete conversations A-E with Social English phrases 1-5. Then practise them with a partner.
UNIT 4A
1. VOCABULARY- PHONE LANGUAGE
1.A. Listen and match what you hear to the sentences.

4.B. Listen and check. Practise saying the sentences.

I listened to the audio and everything was correct, also I practiced each sentence.
4.C. Ask and answer the questions with a partner.
1. What phone network do you use? Are you happy with them?
Currently I use Tigo, I am very happy with them, I always have a good signal and my calls never drop.
2. Do you have a monthly contract, or are you ‘pay as you go’?
I have a monthly contract working in a call center.
3. Have you ever sent a message to the wrong person?
Yes, it happens to me very often, I have many groups from the university and they generate confusion
 4. Have you ever hung up on someone?
When I am angry or tired I prefer to hang up on someone before being rude.
5. What do you do if you’re put on hold for a long time?
If I am left on hold for a long time, I prefer to continue doing my housework while I receive a response.
6. Do you make many calls, or do you prefer messaging?
I prefer messages, because I don't have much time for calls and I can't focus on them.
7. Has your phone ever gone off at a bad moment, e.g. in the cinema or at a concert?
No, this situation has never happened to me.
2. GRAMMAR- OBLIGATION AND PROHIBITION.
2.A. Listen to part of a concert by viola player Lukas Kmit. What happened? What did he do?
He is playing the viola.
2.B. Read an article about an incident in a concert and the comments that people sent in Which
comments do you agree with?
I agree with Danny and Anton, it is best to turn off the cell phone so that these situations do not happen and do
not bother anyone in the place, in addition to enjoying a good time.
2.C. Read the comments again. Match the highlighted phrases to their meaning.

2.D. P. 138 GRAMMAR BANK 4A

2.E. Can you think of a situation when…?

● You have to switch off your phone.
The places where I turn off my cell phone are in museums or theaters.
 ● You shouldn’t use your phone.
The places where I don't use a cell phone are in my college classes or at work.
● You mustn’t use your phone, but you don’t have to switch it off.
Places where the cell phone should not be used but it is not necessary to turn it off, banks or cinemas
3. PRONUNCIATION- SILENT CONSONANTS.
3.A. Look at the words in the list. They all have a silent consonant or consonants. With a partner, cross
out the silent letters.

3.B. Listen and check.

I listened to all the audio and I assume that everything is correct.
3.C. Practise saying the sentences.

I practise all the sentences.

4. SPEAKING.
Look at the list of annoying things people do with their phones. Work in small groups. For each thing,
answer questions 1-3.
1. Do you know people who do this?
2. Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
3. If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
● Take selfies all the time and post them online.
Do you know people who do this?
Yes, I have a friend who records and takes photos of everything he does during the day.
Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
If it's annoying, they can't talk to you or enjoy the outing, they're just on your cell phone.
If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
They could take just one photo of the day or some important things, but not every moment of the day.
● Talk loudly on their phones on public transport.
Do you know people who do this?
No, I have come across people on buses who do that, but I don't have friends who do.
Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
It can bother me depending on the time of day, at night it can be a bit uncomfortable for people, since
most of us are tired.
If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
At night they might try lowering the volume or wearing headphones.
● Put their phones on the table in front of them in a restaurant, in a cafe, in your house.
Do you know people who do this?
 Yes, my friends and I do that.
Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
I think it's fine, because we're not using it, we just put it on the table and enjoy it.
If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
For me it is well done, I have no advice.
● Play noisy games on their phones.
Do you know people who do this?
My friends play, but only occasionally.
Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
It's okay, as long as we're not doing anything important or talking about something.
If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
They could use headphones if there are other people who don't like noise so as not to make them
uncomfortable.
● Send or receive messages in the cinema.
Do you know people who do this?
My brother and my mom often do that.
Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
It's annoying, because at no time do they see the movie, they don't understand what it's about.
If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
They should put the cell phone on silent and watch the movie.
● Text while they’re doing other things, e.g. talking to someone else, or walking in the street.
Do you know people who do this?
My friends and some family do that.
Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
It is very annoying, since everything has to be repeated twice and they never hear the whole
conversation.
If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
They should stop using the cell phone when they are talking or doing anything with another person.
● Tweet about everything, from what they had for breakfast to what time they went to bed.
Do you know people who do this?
I don't know anyone, but they have told me about those people.
Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
It is very annoying, he wants everyone to know what they are doing.
If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
They should tweet the most important or important messages, not every single thing they do in the day.
● Keep posting photos of their babies and small children
Do you know people who do this?
I don't know anyone who does that.
Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
It's annoying, they need to stop being addicted to this social network.
If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
It is necessary that they only use it when it is important.
● Listen to music with headphones, but with the volume so loud that other people can hear it.
Do you know people who do this?
Yes, I know friends who do that.
Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
It doesn't bother me, I think it's fine.
If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
I could turn the volume down a bit so that no one will mind.
● Take photos of everything they eat.
Do you know people who do this?
Yes, I have cousins and friends who do that.
Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
No, it doesn't bother me, if you like to do that, that's fine.
 If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
I do not have any advice, it seems to me that it is good.
● Video or photograph every single event they go to and every minute of their holiday.
Do you know people who do this?
My mom and dad do this too much.
Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
It's very annoying, they record everything and want you to appear in every video.
If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
They should live in the moment, videos are not necessary if you have them in your memories.
● Post a message to you on your birthday, but never get in touch during the rest of the year.
Do you know people who do this?
Some distant friends do this.
Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
It doesn't bother me, it happens because we no longer have confidence.
If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
I don't have any advice, or I might not say anything, since they are no longer talking to people.
● Swipe through all your other photos when you are showing them just one.
Do you know people who do this?
I have friends who like to do that.
Does it annoy you, or do you think it’s OK?
It bothers me a bit, they can be a bit gossipy.
If it annoys you, what do you think these people should/shouldn’t do?
They should ask before looking at other people's things.
5. READING.
5.A. In pairs, answer the questions.
1. When shouldn’t you greet someone with a kiss?
When there is no trust with a person or they do not get along, it can also be when it is a formal meeting.
2. What shouldn’t you do on public transport?
You shouldn't yell or cough or sneeze without covering your mouth, or taking someone's chair away.
3. Should you recline your seat on an aeroplane?
No, it can be a bit rude, it should only be done if the flight is very long.
4. When should you give up your seat on public transport?
When you are an older adult or a person with a child in your arms or when you are a pregnant woman.
5. Should you ever start eating before everyone is served?
No, he is rude and uncomfortable with missing people.
5.B. Read the article once. Were your answers the same as the advice Debrett’s gives?
Yes, there were a few different ones, but most agree.
5.C. Read the article again and look at the highlighted phrases. Try to explain them in your own words.
● Kissing is not appropriate in many professional situations: It refers to greeting with kisses in business
meetings or formal events.
● It’s inconsiderate to eat smelly food in a closed environment: Eat very smelly sew in a closed space.
● Don’t monopolize the armrest: Use the armrest in the way you want and without caring about the other
passengers.
● It is also rude to aggressively decline the offer of a seat: Say no to a generous offer of a chair.
● Unless the host or hottest (or in a restaurant, the other diners) gives their permission for people to start:
Having to wait for the person who invited you to start eating.
5.D. Do you agree with the advice? Do you think Debrett’s reasons are good ones?
Yes, they teach you to be polite and try not to bother anyone, in addition to making you kind and being very
nice to people.
5.E. Ask and answer the questions with a partner.
1. How do you think it’s appropriate to greet a male or female friend?
I can greet with a kiss on the cheek or with a hug, trust depends.
2. What else do you think people shouldn’t do on public transport?
They should not take two chairs for just one person, or take off their shoes.
 3. What do you think passengers ought not to do on planes?
You should not get up from the chair all the time, or play a movie at full volume.
4. How else do you think it’s appropriate to help elderly people?
It can be anything you need, like walking down the street, handing you something from a shelf, or
helping you catch public transportation.
5. What else do you think you should ask your host or hostess for permission to do?
What can I use from your house or if you lend me the bathroom.
6. Do you think manners are important? Why (not)?
Yes, manners are very important, they make us know how to behave with people, in addition to making
us kind and we don't dislike anyone.
6. LISTENING
6.A. You’re going to listen to a radio phone-in programme about manners. First listen and make notes
about the three people’s problems with rude relatives.

6.B. With a partner, decide what advice you would give the three callers.
1. They could talk and go out to eat so that no one is uncomfortable and they do not have an argument
about it.
2. You should ask if they let the dog stay, and what rules are there for it to stay.
3. She should talk to her sister and say how she feels, but if they don't understand each other, she could
go visit her sister.
6.C. Listen and complete some extracts from the advice that Sarah gives.
6.D. Now listen to the whole programme. Do you agree with Sarah’s advice? Is there anything else you
would suggest?
I do not agree with the first advice, because if you do it repeatedly this person will get tired of being nice and
they will end up fighting, the other two I agree with what Sarah indicates.
7. SPEAKING
7.A. Read the questionnaire. What do you think? Mark each thing GM (good manners), BM (bad
manners), or NI (not important).
7.B. In groups, compare your opinions for each thing, and say why.
Compare the answers with my partner, and we think the same, because having good manners is knowing
when to say something and how to behave on certain occasions, you have to learn to say things so that we do
not make anyone feel bad.

UNIT 4B
1. GRAMMAR- ABILITY AND POSSIBILITY.
1.A. Look at the list of skills. With a partner, find…
● Two that you can do.
- Do yoga.
- Knit or sew.
● Two that you can’t do.
- Run 5 km.
- Sing well.
● Two that you could do when you were ten years old.
- Play tennis.
- Ride a bike.
● Two that you couldn’t do when you were ten years old.
- Use an Excel spreadsheet.
- Take a good photos.
1.B. Look at the photos. Listen and complete the conversations.
1.C. Look at the conversations 1 and 2 in b again. Complete the sentences.

1.D. P. 139 GRAMMAR BANK 4B

1.E. Look at the topics. Choose two or three and think about what you could say about them.
● Something that you would like to be able to do
● Something you’ve tried to learn, but have never been able to do well
● Something you learned to do after a lot of effort.
● Something you can do, but you’d like to be able to do better.
● Something you think all young people should be able to do before they leave school.
I decided to choose the first three topics.
1.F. Work with a partner. Tell him or her about the things you chose in e. Give reasons or explanations
for each one.
● Something that you would like to be able to do: I would like to be able to jump from a plane with my
best friends, that is, to jump with a parachute on the outskirts of the city on my 25th birthday.
● Something you’ve tried to learn, but have never been able to do well: When I was little I tried to play
guitar, but I was never able to do it well, I would like to try again.
● Something you learned to do after a lot of effort: It has taken me a lot of effort to be able to wake up
early every day, and manage a strict schedule.
2. PRONUNCIATION- Sentence stress
2.A. Listen to four sentences. Write the stressed words in the pink boxes.

2.B. Look at the stressed words and try to remember the unstressed words. Then listen again to check
and write them in.
I remember hearing I’ll, been, to, I don’t remember more.

2.C. Listen again and repeat the sentences. Copy the rhythm.
1. He’s never been able to dance.
2. We won’t be able to come.
3. I’d love to be able to ski.
 4. She hates not being able to drive.
2.D. Listen and make new sentences with the verbs or verb phrases you hear.
1. I’d love to be able to ski.
Ride a horse- I’d love to be able to ride a horse.
2. We won’t be able to come.
Park- We won’t be able to park.
3. I’ve never been able to dance.
Speak French- I’ve never been able to speak French.
4. She hates not being able to drive.
Cook- She hates not being able to cook.
5. Will you be able to find it?
Afford it- Will you be able to afford it?
6. He’d love to be able to snowboard.
Windsurf- He’d love to be able to windsurf.
7. I love being able to understand everyone.
Speak to everyone.- I love being able to speak to everyone.
8. They haven’t been able to finish.
Come- They haven’t been able to come.
3. LISTENING
3.A. Read the text. Do you believe Malcolm Gladwell or Josh Kaufman?
I believe in them, I believe that discipline makes everything better, also trying something to achieve it is the
purpose of our lives.
3.B. Read about Matt’s past experience of learning the trumpet. Why do you think he gave up so fast?
He resigned quickly, because he still did not like it and did not have confidence about it, in addition to the fact
that he did not try to practice it or have discipline in learning about the instrument.
3.C. Listen and match the sounds with the music words in bold.

3.D. Now listen to Matt talking about his experience. Choose the best summary.

3.D. Listen again. For each stage, circle the correct word or phrase.
3.F. Do you think Matt will continue learning the trumpet. Why (not)?
Yes, he will continue learning to play the trumpet, since he went through many steps to learn to play it, but he
has already found the right path that will lead him to play the excellent trumpet.
4. SPEAKING
Work in small groups. Answer the question below for the different skills.
How well do you think you’d be able to do these things after learning for 20 hours?
● Play a musical instrument- It depends on the method I used to learn it, if it is with a teacher I may be
able to learn it in that time, if I do it alone I can take longer and it can frustrate me a bit.
● Speak a new language- No, learning a language takes much more time, in that time you would only be
able to learn the basics.
● Draw a portrait- It is something very possible, you can learn it on your own, it only depends on the love
and commitment that you put into the drawing.
● Drive- It is very difficult, at the moment I am learning and it has taken me more than 20 hours, although
the basics need much more practice.
● Design and build a website- This can only be achieved if it is as a team and everyone agrees on the
design, however alone it is not possible, the work is much more difficult and it is not achieved in that
time.
● Take professional- quality photos-It is something that takes much more time, since you have to practice
a lot and learn too many techniques.
● Cook a three-course meal- The kitchen depends a lot on the discipline you have, so if it could be
achieved in that time and if you like it, it will be much easier.
 ● Dance the tango- The rhythm is something that is in the blood, so it depends on how much effort you
put into it and how good you are at it.
● Ski or windsurf- It is a very difficult technique so you need much more time to learn to do it perfectly.
5. VOCABULARY.
5.A. Complete the sentences with annoyed or annoying.

5.B. Read the information box. Then complete the adjectives with -ed or -ing.

5.C. Listen and check. Underline the stressed syllable in the adjectives.
I hear and all is correct.
● Depressed
● Amazing
● Exciting
● Disappointed
 ● Tiring
● Embarrassing
● Frightened
● Boring
● Frustrated
5.D. Ask and answer the questions in b with a partner. Ask for more information.
1. I like to listen to music in English or vallenato.
2. The most exciting sport to watch is soccer, especially if my country plays.
3. I saw an exciting scene in Pereira that was incredible and its actors were very good.
4. Once an aunt gave me some towels to clean and I felt too sad.
5. Going to buy clothes tires me more, because you have to be on your feet all day.
6. I was talking in front of the whole school and I walked a bit and I fell, in addition to being in a dress it
was very embarrassing.
7. There are times when I feel fear, but I always try to overcome it.
8. Yes, this is because I go to bed very late and sleep very little.
9. A documentary about the history of an industrial company
10. Yes, when I can't fix things or update a system.
6. READING AND SPEAKING.
6.A. How long have you been learning English? Has anyone ever given you a useful tip which has
helped you learn?
I have been trying to learn English for ten years. A teacher told me to watch and listen to music and series in
English, however it is somewhat difficult.
6.B. Read some tips on a forum for learning English outside class. Do you do any of these things?
Yes, two of the things I do is talk to my friends in English and sing songs in English, although there is very
good advice that I will start to put into practice.
6.C. Read the tips again and match them to something that you think the person has learned to say in
English.
6.D. Look at two sentences with reflexive pronouns from the tips in b. How do you say them in your
language? Then read the information box.
I take English courses on the internet for free by myself, in addition to speaking with my friends in English to
practice my pronunciation, and I watch the series in the original language.
6.E. Which subject pronouns do these words go with?
● Themselves.- They
● Herself.- She
● Ourselves- We
● Yourselves- You
● Himself- He
● Itself.- It
6.F. Listen and say the sentences with different pronouns.
1 She’s cut herself.
You…
You’ve cut yourself.
2 I’m teaching myself Spanish.
He…
He’s teaching himself Spanish.
3 We introduced ourselves.
They…
They introduced themselves.
4 He taught himself to play the guitar.
She…
She taught herself to play the guitar.
5 He often talks to himself.
I…
I often talk to myself.
6 I really enjoyed myself last night.
We…
We really enjoyed ourselves last night.
6.G. Talk to a partner.
● Which of the tips in b do you think are the best for learning English? Are there any you don’t think
would work for you?
The best tip for me is the fifth, because I did that and I think that this tip work very well, and the worst
tip for me is the vocabulary app, because I always forget the apps on my cell phone and I didn’t used
again.
● Are there any tips that you could easily put into practice?
I could put in practice the third tip, with my friends because my friends also are learning and is a help
for all.
● What other things do you do to improve your English outside class (e,g. visit chat websites, listen to
audiobooks)?
I take course in english free and I see videos explain topics for had clearer the topic that I see in the
class.
7. VIDEO LISTENING
7.A. Do you know anybody who speaks two or more languages well? Which languages do they speak?
How did they learn them?
I had a friend that studies languages, and she speaks five languages very well. She speaks English, French,
Italian, Portuguese and German, she learns these languages in university and she travels to other countries
when she must speak these languages.
7.B. You’re going to watch an interview with Alex Rawlings, who speaks 11 languages. Match
greetings 1-11 to the languages. Then watch Part 1 and check.
7.C. Now watch Part 2. Why does Alex mention…?
1. A completely new adventure.- He thinks that each language is a new world where a new adventure
begins.
2. Greek and German- They are the languages that seem funniest to speak.
3. Chinese and Slovene- They are the other two languages you want to learn in the future.
4. British and Irish languages, a recent trip to Wales- They are languages that you have never tried to
learn.
5. Russian- It is the most difficult language for him
6. Youtube; vocabulary and grammar- They are the resources you use to continue learning languages.
7.D. Watch Part 3 and answer the questions.
1. Why do people sometimes fail to learn a language?
They usually fail because they don't have the time or have no reason to learn it.
2. Why did Alex find Afrikaans easy to learn?
Because they handle simple grammar, they do not have irregular verbs and the vocabulary is similar to
English.
3. Why do the British and Americans find it difficult to learn foreign languages?
Because they are very confident and do not see the need to learn another language, since in most
countries they speak English.
4. Complete Alex’s tips:

REVISE AND CHECK 3 AND 4

GRAMMAR
Circle a, b, or c.
VOCABULARY
A. Complete the compound nouns with a singular or plural noun.

B. Complete with a preposition.

C. Complete with the correct word.

D. Circle the correct adjective.

E. Complete the words.

PRONUNCIATION.
A. Practise the words and sounds.
I practiced the words, there are some difficult sounds to pronounce.
B. Say more words for each sound.
I practice all the words to improve my pronunciation.
C. What sound do the pink letters have in these words?

D. Underline the stressed syllable.

CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THIS TEXT?
A. Read the article once. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph A-F.

B. Read the article again with the headings. Are you a good passenger? How many of the things do
you sometimes do or not do?
I consider myself a good passenger, since as I am learning to drive I know the nerves that can be felt and I
prefer to behave in the best way so as not to make my driver uncomfortable.
CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEOPLE
Watch or listen and choose a, b or c.