Benolirao , Janine October12, 2021

BEED Y1

The concept of a gap between the Global North and the Global South in
terms of development and wealth.

'North' and 'South' have been established terms of use in debates about
international political economy since the 1960s. In their most basic form the
terms are regarded as a shorthand for distinguishing 'rich countries' from 'poor
countries'. 'The North' is taken to include the industrialised, high-per-capita
income, national political economies of which the majority are located in the
Northern Hemisphere. 'The South' describes those countries with high levels
of poverty and comparatively low levels of industrialisation, large numbers of
which exist in the Southern Hemisphere

Causes of The gap between the ‘North’ and ‘South’

There are many causes for these inequalities including the availability of
natural resources; different levels of health and education; the nature of a
country’s economy and its industrial sectors; international trading policies and
access to markets; how countries are governed and international relationships
between countries; conflict within and between countries; and a country’s
vulnerability to natural hazards and climate change.

Describing the North as an First World Countries

The nations to the north of the Divide have developed economies and account
for more than 90 percent of the world's manufacturing industries. Despite
accounting for only one-quarter of the entire worldwide population, these
countries control 80% of the overall global GDP. All G8 members are from the
North, as are four permanent members of the UN Security Council. In
Northern nations, around 95 percent of the population has enough basic
requirements and access to effective education systems. The North is made
up of countries such as the United States, Canada, all of Western Europe,
Australia, and New Zealand, as well as developed countries such as Japan
and South Korea.

Describing the South as an Third World Countries

The South is made up of developing economies that were formerly referred to

as Third World countries during the Cold War. The comparatively low GDP
and high population of nations in the South are key characteristics. The Third
World accounts for just one-fifth of worldwide earned income but more than
three-quarters of global population. Another feature shared by the nations of
the South is a lack of basic facilities. As low as 5% of the population has
access to basic necessities such as food and shelter. Most Southern
economies rely on imports from the North and have limited technology
penetration.