Fuzzy PI Control System Design for Distillation

Column
Presented @ Intelligent Control MECH 523
Winter 2008

Eranda Harinath

University of British Columbia

Electrical and Computer Engineering

08rd April, 2008

Presentation Outline

1 Process Description

2 Controller Design

3 Fuzzy PI Controller Design

4 Simulation and Results

 Distillation Column

Heavy Oil fractionator

Figure: Sketch of a distillation column which is referred as

Distillation column is widely used in chemical and petroleum the Sell’s Oil fractionator in literature
industry to separate components from its mixture
 Process Description
Controller Design
Fuzzy PI Controller Design
Simulation and Results

Operating requirements of the distillation column are:

1 To maintain top and side product compositions within ±5% of their set-points (at steady state) for
economical benefits.
2 To maintain bottom temperature within limits fixed by operational constraints. However, in this design there
is no specific requirement.

In addition to operating requirements given above, proposed controller has to maintain hard bounds of all draw rates
within ±5.

Three output variables that have to be controlled are:

1 Top product composition, Y1
2 Side product composition, Y2
3 Bottom temperature, Y3

Three manipulated variables are:

1 Top draw rate, U1
2 Side draw rate, U2
3 Bottom reflux duty, U3

Eranda Harinath FPI Controller for Distillation Column

Controller design

Statically de-coupled MIMO process

In order to deal with interaction static de-coupler is used

Dynamics of distillation column

y (s) = G(s)u(s)

4.05 exp−27s 1.77 exp−28s 5.88 exp−27s

 
   
Y1 (s) 1+50s 1+60s 1+50s U1 (s)
5.39 exp−18s 5.72 exp−14s 6.9 exp−15s
 
 Y2 (s)  = 


 U2 (s) 
1+50s 1+60s 1+40s
Y3 (s)   U3 (s)
4.38 exp−20s 4.42 exp−22s 7.2
1+33s 1+44s 1+19s
 Process Description
Controller Design
Fuzzy PI Controller Design
Simulation and Results

Linear PI controller

Static de-coupler D = G−1 (0)

 
0.5125 0.6353 −1.0274
D =  −0.4118 0.1633 0.1798 
−0.0590 −0.4867 0.6535

L(s) = G(s)D

Decentralized control
Ziegler Nichols tuning rule for PI controller
Has one dedicated controller for each loop
L can be considered as completely de-coupled Kp Ki
0.54Ku
system at steady state. This enables to design a 0.45Ku Pu
decentralized control system for the overall system

Ku is ultimate gain and Pu is ultimate period of process when it

is controlled with proportional controller

Eranda Harinath FPI Controller for Distillation Column

Fuzzy PI Controller Design:Mamdani Fuzzy Inference
System

The control surface of the fuzzy PI controller

Membership functions for inputs and output for fuzzy
controller

PI type fuzzy controller rule base

Fuzzy PI controller for i th loop
∆e/e N Z P
N N N Z
Z N Z P
P Z P P

e error and ∆e change in error

Simulink Block Diagram of FPI controlled System
Output Response

Desired outputs

Top product composition Side product composition Bottom product composition

0.5 0.3 0.1

−0.1 step change is introduced to top product composition @ time 800min

Manipulated Inputs

Conclusion
Linear PI and Fuzzy PI controller are
designed for 3x3 distillation column
Based on simulation results, fuzzy PI
controller has better performance compared
to its counterpart and it fulfill the operating
requirements while maintaining
inputs/outputs constrains