POLYSACCHARIDES

Polysaccharide
● exhibit different functions

a. Structural Polysaccharide
examples
cellulose carrageenan
hemicellulose agarose
pectin agaropectin
alginic acid chitin

b. Storage polysaccharides
examples
Starch glycogen
Inulins dextrans

c. Glycoproteins
has main component as protein core. The sugars are linked to the protein core trough
specific amino acids like asparagine, serine, threonine, hydroxylysine.

Importance
1. pinocytosis
2. differentiation
3. intracellular recognition
4. adhesion
5. as receptors for hormones
6. mediators for immunological specificity

Function of carbohydrates to glycoproteins

1. Chemical tag
2. conformational stability
3. transport of metabolites across cell membrane
4. Carbohydrate moiety is needed for proper orientation
5. Carbohydrate moiety is for complement fixation
6. Utilized for communication

Functions of Glycoprotein in the Cell in general

1. Catalytic
Examples
Ribonuclease B
Deoxyribonuclease
Amylase

2. Regulatory
Examples
FHS – Follicle Stimulating Hormone

3. Communication
Examples
Glycophorin

4. Anchor for cells

Examples
Fibronectin
Laminin
Chondronectin
5. Transport
Examples
Ceruloplasmin Thyroglobin
Transferrin Corticosteroid
Haptoglobin

6. Protective
Examples
Interferon

7. Structural
Examples
Collagen

8. Blood Coagulation
Examples
Prothrombin fibrinogen
Proconvertin Christmas factor
Stuart Factor

9. Receptor
Example
Acetylcholine

d. Proteoglycans
found in extracellular matrix Carbohydrates constitute large of its structure

Examples
Chondroitin sulfate a. Chondroitin- 4-sulfate
b. Chondroitin-6-sulfate

dermatan sulfate
keratin sulfate
heparin sulfate
heparin

e. Glycolipids
lipids containing carbohydrate

Examples
Galactocerebrosides
Ganliosides