Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DISS QUARTER1 Week2 For Teacher
DISS QUARTER1 Week2 For Teacher
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the
module.
ii
For the learner:
Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences 11 Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on The Disciplines of Social Sciences!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource
while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
This will give you an idea of the skills or
What I Need to
competencies you are expected to learn
Know
in the module.
iii
knowledge or skill into real life situations
or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate
Assessment your level of mastery in achieving the
learning competency.
In this portion, another activity will be
Additional Activities given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned.
iv
What I Need to Know
(Differentiate the nature and functions of Social Sciences Disciplines with the
Natural Sciences and Humanities – HUMSS_DISS11-IIIb-d-3)
In this module you will be presented with the various Disciplines in the Social
Sciences- Anthropology, economics, geography, history, linguistics, political science,
psychology, sociology and demography.
These disciplines play a significant role in the society. Each discipline has its
own function and their functions would not intervene but should complement to each
other in order to attain the utmost effect for the better.
1
What I Know
Directions: Read and answer the items below. Write your answers in your notebook.
_____1. Anthropology is the study of humans; it is the Social Science that seeks to
understand human origins and adaptation, and the diversity of cultures and
worldviews.
_____5. Anthropology comes from the Greek word “anthropos” which means human.
Test B: Identification
Instructions: Identify the concept being described in each number. Write
your answers in your notebook.
_____7. A Social Science Discipline that deals with the optimum allocation of scarce
resources among its alternatives to satisfy the unlimited human wants and
needs of the people.
_____8. The study of the earth’s surface; a specialized investigation of the physical
structure of earth, including its terrain and its climates, and the nature and
character of its contrasting inhabited portions.
_____10. The statistical study of human populations especially with reference to size
and density.
2
Test C: Multiple Choice
Instructions: Read each statement below and write the letter of the correct
answer in your notebook.
12. It is a field in Political Science which focuses on the legal concerns between the
state and the people such as constitutional law and administrative law.
A. National Law C. Private Law
B. Public Law D. none of these
15. A field in History which is concerned with the study of particular kinds of
phenomena such as family and marriage, adolescence and mass media, human
rights and inequality.
A. Social History C. Intellectual History
B. Cultural History D. Historiography
What’s In
In the previous lesson, you learned about the basic concepts, subjects, and
methods of inquiry in Social Sciences. Furthermore, you also tackled on the
influential thinkers in Social Sciences, who have made a great impact in our society.
In this lesson, you will learn about the various disciplines in Social Science
and its contributions in our society.
3
Task 1: JUMBLE UNSCRAMBLE:
Directions: Unscramble the letters below to form the word being described in each
number. Write your answers in your notebook.
1. A N T H O R G O P O Y L- is the study of humans; the social science that
seeks to understand human origins and adaptation, and the diversity of
cultures and worldviews
What’s New
http://slideplayer.com/3532032/12/images/9/Different+Fields+of+Science.jpg
Task 2: Analysis:
Instructions: Study the picture above and answer the questions below. Write your
answers in your activity notebook.
4
What is It
In this module, you will be introduced to the various disciplines in the social
sciences and its relevant contributions and functions in the society.
5
Franz Boas
Boas (1858–1942) was one of the key figures who did not use science to
justify racism. In his evolutionary stance on societal development, he argued that
culture is not a by-product of a human group’s physical characteristics, but of social
learning affected by the various factors like environment and history. This argument
became the foundation of human variation analysis that is based on cultural
differences, a far cry from the biological deterministic framework of the evolutionists.
Anthropology was developed as a discipline in response to the sociocultural
shifts and issues that transpired when people of various backgrounds came in
contact with one another. As the discipline progressed, various approaches in
understanding society were used by its practitioners. Today, anthropology remains
relevant as it attempts to address contemporary issues for the general public.
2. Economics is a social science discipline that deals with the optimum allocation of
scarce resources among its alternatives to satisfy the unlimited human wants and
needs of the people. Economics was first conceived as the study of the allocation of
resources within the household level. Its origin could be traced back to two ancient
Greek words: oikos (house) and nomos (custom or law), referring to the rules
implemented in the household to ensure its efficient management. Such idea
allowed for the inquiry of small-scale interactions among economic factors, which in
turn formed the microeconomic approach.
Fields of Economics
6
Normative Economics – is often associated with welfare economics, as it is
focused on providing explanations and arguments on how economic policies
should be.
The discipline of economics was conceived to address the shift in production and
distribution of goods, as mechanized factories were instituted as replacement for
basic manual labor by the turn of the century. The issues and challenges of this shift
centered on topics like labor cost, values in production, price shifts and production
processes. The subdisciplines of economics are guided by the theoretical
approaches that range from highly macro perspective to a micro perspective.
Strabo (64–20 BCE) a Greek geographer who coined the term Geographia, which
was also the title of his 17-volume series on geographical studies.
7
Ibn Battuta (1304-1368 CE) was a Moroccan explorer who published his 30-year
journey in his book Rihla (Journey). He travelled farther and longer than Marco Polo
by visiting all the places in the known Muslim world, as well as non-Muslim lands.
Fields of Geography
4. History is the study of the past; it describes /narrates and analyses human
activities in the past and the changes that they had undergone. The word history
came from the Greek word historia which means “finding out,” “inquiry,” and
“narrative.” In some interpretations, historia means “knowledge acquired
investigation.” The American Historical Association defines history as “the never-
ending process whereby people seek to understand the past and its meaning.”
History, in many ways is a way for us to understand ourselves and make sense of
the world.
8
Thucydides (460–400 BCE), a Greek Philosopher, historian and general. He is
known as the Father of Scientific History as his History of the Peloponnesian War
(431 BCE) recounted events, based on evidence and analysis. His works, as he
described it in his introduction, narrated facts without becoming fictional by using
gods and deities as reference.
Ban Gu (32–92 CE) was a Chinese historian and poet. He became famous in
compiling the Book of Han, which contained the history of the Han Dynasty. It is
regarded as the first work to have covered a single dynasty in detail.
Leopold von Ranke (1795–1886) a German historian and founder of the modern
study of History. He was the first to have provided a historical seminar where he
elaborated on the methods and techniques in studying history.
Karl Marx (1818–1883) was, among others, a German Philosopher, Economist, and
Sociologist. Marx is often referred to as the Father of Communism. Marx stated in his
book The German Ideology his theory on the materialist conception of history. The
principle idea of this theory is that the material conditions or resources determine a
group’s social structure and social order-“it is not the consciousness of men that
determines their existence, but, on the contrary, their social existence that
determines their consciousness.”
Arnold J. Toynbee (1889–1975) was a British Historian and Philosopher known for
his monumental 12-volume work titled A study of History. In this book, Tonybee
narrated the histories of 26 civilizations, describing how they overcame challenges
with the guidance and leadership of an elite group of leaders.
Fields of History
Cultural history focuses on the study of belief systems, customs, social forms,
political systems, material traits, and economic activities of a group or community
usually for the purpose of cross comparison with others.
Social history is concerned with the study of particular kinds of phenomena such
as family and marriage, adolescence, and work and leisure through the use of
sociological theories and approaches.
Intellectual history looks into the history of ideas and theories. Historiography is
one of its primary subfields wherein the development of schools and approaches
are documented.
History is one discipline whose methods and approaches are highly used by
practitioners in other disciplines in Social Sciences, Natural Sciences and
9
Humanities. In earlier times, the value of history was centered in its system of
organizing data relating to significant events. Today, the value of history lies in its
ability to provide context in the trajectory of events and shifts in personalities.
10
6. Political Science is the systematic study of politics. It is the study of political
power relations, behavior, and activities as well as systems of government from a
domestic, international, and comparative perspective. Traditionally, the study of
political science focuses primarily on the state and its institutions. The contemporary
study of political sciences, however, has a broader and more encompassing
approach as it deals with societal, cultural, and psychological factors that affect the
political system.
The term politics is derived from the Greek word politikos which means “of,
for, or relating to citizens,” or in Aristotelian terms, “affairs of the cities.” In the
broader sense, politics is the theory and practice of influencing other people; in the
narrow sense, it is the theory or principle of organizing control or governance over a
people, community, or state.
Political Philosophy is the root from which Political Science sprouted from. The
most notable concepts in Political Philosophy include justice, law, rights and
government. Political Philosophy as a field of study covers theories from the ancient
past to postmodern thoughts on politics.
Public Law is a field in Political Science which focuses on the legal concerns
between the state and the people such as constitutional law and administrative law.
11
personality, behavior, cognition, and perception. The application of Psychology is not
simply confined within the treatment of mental health problems but encompasses
even other areas of human activity. Psychology is applied to sports, media,
organizational development, human resources, marketing, law enforcement, and
even military warfare.
Fields of Psychology
Cognitive Psychology analyzes how sensory data are interpreted and are used
by the mind to produce behavior. It is a field focused on how information and
knowledge is gained, selected, stored in memory, retrieved, and internally
manipulated.
Social Psychology interprets the behavior of groups in the presence of others. It
is the area of Psychology that inquires on the changes in behavior, emotions,
thoughts, and feelings of individuals in a group or as a group, in relation to other
groups or the community.
Psychoanalysis is an area of Psychology that can be philosophical and practical
inquiry, such that ideas and concepts which are metaphysical in nature can only
be theorized but not experimented on.
Humanistic Psychology is a field that focuses on how a person can better
achieve self-actualization through the development of his or her abilities. It is a
holistic approach to Psychology as it aims to maximize one’s self-awareness and
behavior.
12
8. Sociology is the systematic study of human society. The term sociology was
coined by the French Philosopher Auguste Comte, who is also considered as the
Father of Sociology. The term was derived from the French word sociologie which is
a combination of the Greek words socious, which means “companionship” or
“friendship,” and the suffix -ology, which means “the study of.” Thus, sociology is
simply defined as “the study of society.”
As an academic discipline, sociology inquires into social behaviour and
historical development of social institutions. It makes use of empirical methods to
investigate the different facets and functions of the society. In line with this pursuit,
the important aim of Sociology is to provide an understanding of ourselves and
others as members of society. Sociological perspective provides us with the ability to
systematically differentiate and assess fundamental social issues.
The definitions of sociology vary depending on a sociologist’s perspective.
Like other disciplines of the social sciences, confining sociology in a strict and formal
definition is still up for debate. Emile Durkheim defined sociology as “the science of
social institutions.” Moreover, Max Weber defined sociology as “the science which
attempts the interpretative understanding of social action in order thereby to arrive at
a casual explanation of its course and effects.” On the other hand, Morris Ginsberg
defined the discipline as “the study of human interactions, their conditions and
consequences.”
From these definitions, one can deduce that Sociology is an inquiry of the
human condition- how individuals live and interact with society and how that
relationship transcends into individual perspectives. Society – including the groups
where we belong and the community we live in – is part and parcel of what defines
us.
Auguste Comte
Sociology is the youngest of all social sciences. Developed in 1838 by August
Comte in his series of text titled A Course on Positive Philosophy (1830-1842),
wherein his theory aimed to make the structural components of the society
(government, family, and economics) comprehensible through systematic, empirical
observation and classification.
Herbert Spencer
The English Social philosopher applied biological concepts into the field of
Sociology with his theory of organic analogy. In his work Principles of Sociology
(1876), Spencer compared the development and activity of the society to a living
organism. He said that like organisms, society grows and develops in a gradual
process and passes through stages of complexity. Just as the organs in the body
have different purposes, society has institutions that have specific functions.
Lester F. Ward
13
He introduced Sociology as an academic discipline in American higher
education institutions. Ward theorized that a society’s progress could be controlled
and cannot be simply driven by deterministic forces like evolution.
Emile Durkheim
A French sociologist, social psychologist, and philosopher, who focused his
study on the phenomenon of suicide. He was credited for being one of the founding
fathers of modern sociology. His findings suggest that an individual is less likely to
commit suicide when he/she connects more with society.
Max Weber
A German Sociologist is credited for being one of the founding fathers of
modern Sociology. Weber’s inquiries revolved around his idea of social action. For
him, Sociology must aim to determine the motivation behind these actions, and why
and how these actions are done.
Karl Marx
A German Sociologist and Philosopher credited for being one of the founding
fathers of modern Sociology. For Marx, the truth about society is not found in
abstract ideas or principles but is found instead in the observable and knowable
world.
Fields of Sociology
Human Ecology studies the society in relation with its environment. This
discipline also considers how the environment is affected by society and how it is
utilized for production and habitation.
Penology or penal science studies how punishment is conducted on the
offending members of the society. As an interdisciplinary approach between
Sociology and Criminology, this field involves laws and the implementation of
policies and procedures.
Sociology of work was historically used as an inquiry into the effects of the
Industrial Revolution on societies. Today, however, this field shifted its inquiry on
how individuals, groups, communities, and societies relate to and interact with
different industries.
The field of sociology, in its most basic sense is the study of society. The shifts in
the social structures brought about the French Revolution in the 18 th century, created
a need to have a scientific discipline that could address the variance in behavior of
humans in groups and organizations. With the advent of new technology and media,
the distance between societies and cultures became smaller. However, interpersonal
14
relationships-considered as the foundations of society-seemed to dissipate due to
these technologies. In the 21st century, sociology brings out the dysfunctions
inevitably associated with the progress of society.
Fields of Demography
15
What’s More
Task 3:
Directions: Answer the following questions below, write your answer in your Activity
Notebook.
2. What do you think is the role of these disciplines in the real world?
3. Among the disciplines in the Social Sciences, select three disciplines you think
has impacted your life most.
Task 4:
Directions: Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if the statement is FALSE. Write
your answers in your activity notebook.
______1. The term demography comes from the Greek words “demos” (animal) and
“graphia” (a description of).
______3. Psychology seeks to answer why the human mind works the way it does
and how it functions and operates.
______4. Economics is a discipline in Social Science that deals with the optimum
allocation of abundant resources among its alternatives to satisfy the
unlimited human wants and needs of the people.
16
______9. In order to better understand human behavior and mental process, we
must study Psychology.
______10. Anthropology seeks to understand human origins and adaptation, and the
diversity of cultures and worldviews.
What I Can Do
Task 1:
Directions: Read the quote below and answer the questions that follow. Write your
answers in your activity notebook.
Task 2:
WORD ASSOCIATION
Directions: From the word pool below, choose the words that can be associated
with Social Sciences. Write your answers in your Activity notebook, using the
diagram found below.
Assessment
Directions: Read each item carefully and write your answers in your activity
notebook.
Test A. True or False: Write True if the statement is correct and False if otherwise.
_____2. History is the study of the present; it describes /narrates and analyses
human activities in the present and the changes that they had undergone.
_____5. Anthropology comes from the Greek word “anthropos” which means human.
_____7. A discipline in Social Science that deals with the optimum allocation of
scarce resources among its alternatives to satisfy the unlimited human wants
and needs of the people.
18
_____8. The study of the earth’s surface; a specialized investigation of the physical
structure of earth, including its terrain, its climates, and the nature and
character of its contrasting inhabited portions.
_____10. The statistical study of human populations especially with reference to size
and density.
Test C. Multiple Choice: Read each statement below and choose the letter of the
correct answer. Write the letter of your answer in your activity notebook.
12. It is a field in Political Science which focuses on the legal concerns between the
state and the people such as constitutional law and administrative law.
A. National Law C. Private Law
B. Public Law D. none of these
15. A field in history which is concerned with the study of particular kinds of
phenomena such as family and marriage, adolescence and mass media, human
rights and inequality.
A. Social History C. Intellectual History
B. Cultural History D. Historiography
16. This is a branch of Linguistic that deals with the study of human speech sounds.
A. Semantics C. Morphology
B. Phonetics D. Syntax
19
Glossary
Anthropology – the study of humans; the social science that seeks to understand
human origins and adaptation, and the diversity of cultures and worldviews.
Economics – a social science discipline that deals with the optimum allocation of
scarce resources among its alternatives to satisfy the unlimited human wants
and needs of the people.
History – the study of the past; it describes/narrates and analyses human activities
in the past and the changes that they had undergone.
Language – the words, their pronunciation, and the methods combining them used
and understood by a community.
20
Additional Activities
Directions: Make a concept map of the difference branches under Social Sciences
including its sub-disciplines or sub-fields. Draw it on a bond paper and attach it to
your activity/quiz notebook.
Source: https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-IhmmKVYm-Fo/VRrDdox-2hI/AAAAAAAACBo/uXpnlgpeRlM/w968-
h1046-no/Screen%2BShot%2B2015-03-31%2Bat%2B8.52.29%2BAM.png
21
22
TRY THIS!
1. T 6. Psychology 11. B
2. F 7. Economics 12. B
3. T 8. Geography 13. A
4. T 9. Sociology 14. A
5. T 10. Demography 15. B
What I can do!
Task 1:
Q 1: Answers may vary
Q 2: Answers may vary
TASK 2:
Geography History Psychology
Anthropology Political Science Economics
Demography Sociology Linguistics
What’s New
Q 1: Chemistry, Biology, Botany, Physics, Zoology
Q 2: Answers may vary
Q 3: Answers may vary
TASK 4:
Q1: Anthropology, Economics, Geography, History, Linguistics, Political
Science, Psychology, Sociology and Demography
Q 2: Answers may vary
Q 3: Answers may vary
TASK 5
1. F 6. T
2. T 7. F
3. T 8. T
4. F 9. T
5. F 10. T
ASSESS WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED
1. T 6. Psychology 11. B
2. F 7. Economics 12. B
3. T 8. Geography 13. A
4. T 9. Sociology 14. A
Answer Key
References
Alejandria-Gonzalez, Maria Carinnes P., and Elizabeth T. Urgel. DIWA Senior High
School Series: Discipline and Ideas in Social Sciences. Makati City, Philippines:
DIWA LEARNING SYSTEMS INC, 2016.
“Department of Education - Commons.” Accessed August 2020.
https://commons.deped.gov.ph/melc.
https://languages.oup.com/google-dictionary-en/. “Methodological,” n.d. Accessed
August 2020.
23