ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is a matter of great pleasure to highlight a fraction of knowledge. I acquired during my

technical education through this seminar. This would not have been possible without the
guidance and help of many people. This is where I have the opportunity of expressing
gratitude from the core of my heart.

This seminar would not have been successful without enlightened ideas, timely
suggestions and keen interest of my respected Guide Dr. Sachin S. Agrawal. Being on the
same line I express my deep sense of gratitude to Dr. S. L. Satarkar, Head of Department
(C.S.E.). I would like to thank Dr. S. K. Deshmukh, Principal of our institution for
providing necessary facilities during the period of working on this seminar work.

Thanks, are in order to all the colleagues and friends who knowingly or
unknowingly helped me during this work.

Mr. Saurabh D. Tayde

ABSTRACT
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services including servers, storage, databases,
networking, software, analytics, and intelligence over the Internet (“the cloud”) to offer faster
innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale. You typically pay only for cloud services
you use, helping lower your operating costs, run your infrastructure more efficiently and scale as
your business needs change. Though service-oriented architecture advocates "Everything as a
service" (with the acronyms EaaS or XaaS), cloud-computing providers offer their "services"
according to different models, of which the three standard models per NIST are infrastructure as
a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), serverless and software as a service (SaaS). These
are sometimes called the cloud computing stack because they build on top of one another.
Knowing what they are and how they are different makes it easier to accomplish your business
goals.

1. Infrastructure as a service (IaaS): The most basic category of cloud computing services. With
IaaS, you rent IT infrastructure—servers and virtual machines (VMs), storage, networks,
operating systems—from a cloud provider on a pay-as-you-go basis.

2. Platform as a service (PaaS): Platform as a service refers to cloud computing services that
supply an on-demand environment for developing, testing, delivering and managing software
applications.

3. Software as a service (SaaS): With SaaS, cloud providers host and manage the software
application and underlying infrastructure and handle any maintenance, like software upgrades
and security patching. Users connect to the application over the Internet, usually with a web
browser on their phone, tablet or PC.

4. Serverless computing or Function-as-a-Service (FaaS): Serverless computing focuses on

building app functionality without spending time continually managing the servers and
infrastructure required to do so. The cloud provider handles the setup, capacity planning and
server management for you. Serverless architectures are highly scalable and event-driven, only
using resources when a specific function or trigger occurs.
INDEX
Sr CONTENTS Pa
. ge
No No.
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1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Organization of rest of the Report 4
2. HISTORY 5
3. PURPOSE 9
4. ARCHITECTURE 11
4.1 Copy-move forgery detection 12
4.1.1 Feature extraction using SIFT 12
4.1.2 Keypoint matching 13
4.1.3 Fuzzy clustering 14
4.2 Transformation estimation 14
4.3 Duplicate region identification 16
4.4 Reconstruction 17
4.5 Image splicing forgery detection 18
5. METHODOLOGY 19
5.1 Debugging in MATLAB 20
5.2 GUI of proposed system 21
5.2.1 Components of GUI 22
5.3 Run-time snapshots 23
6. ADVANTAGES & LIMITATIONS 28

6.1 Datasets for experiments 28

7. APPLICATIONS 45
8. CONCLUSION 46
REFERENCES 47