Republic of the Philippines

Commission on Higher Education

Region I
San Fernando City, La Union
ST. CAMILLUS COLLEGE OF MANAOAG FOUNDATION. INC.
Brgy. Licsi, Manaoag, Pangasinan
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

RESEARCH MODULE
CHAPTER 1

Robin T. Riturban
Michael I. Mamaril
Rochell C. De Vera

Page 1
 RESEARCH

Topic #1: Nature of Research

Motivation activity: (30 pts.)

Investigation subjective Biases literature theories

System phenomena Intuition guessing factual

Opinions experiences Discovery dreams data

Interview teleserye instrument productivity validate

Encircle the words in the box that are related to the definition of research

Topic #4: The Background of the Study

ACTIVITY:

Page 2
 To help you formulate an effective introduction for your study, answer the following
items:

Title: Employment Status of Bachelor of Elementary Education Graduates of St.

Camillus College of Manaoag from 2015-2021

1.State the rationale of your research problem. Start from the international context down to
the local or personal circumstance.

RATIONALE

Today, employers prefer applicants who possess both educational qualifications and expertise
of a certain job. Recruiters often write job advertisements that specify that a degree and relevant
experience are needed for the job. In most circumstances, applicants try to match their qualifications
to the job requirements. Employability refers to the capacity to gain initial employment, maintain
employment and obtain employment if required (Hillage & Pollard, 1998 as cited by Tran, 2016). The
employability of graduates from an institution is very important concern of HEI’s. Evidences indicate
a growing apprehension to evaluate the performance of graduates, the relevance of the curriculum
offered, and the satisfaction of alumni with their academic preparations through tracer studies of
graduates.
However, tertiary institutions in the Philippines continue to produce graduates who do not
have the necessary employability skills, not only in terms of the local norm but more so with
international standards. In the Philippines, the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) always
emphasized the need to provide quality educations for local graduates to compete in the world labor
market which is now the general trend in employment (CHED Strategic Plan for 2011-2016). The
Teacher Education Program plays a vital part in the society due to the significant functions assigned
to teachers in developing a literate social order. In the Philippines, the preparation of pre-service
elementary and secondary teachers is assigned to Higher Education Institutions (HEI’s). It is because
most of the parents from middle class want to have a teacher in the family. Yet, no matter how
demanding the responsibilities of a teacher are, this is one of the most rewarding jobs found in the
world today. The efforts of teachers do not only lie in educating children but these also contribute in
huge circumstances such as training future leaders. Access to education holds both individual and
national implications. Yet many graduates find themselves unemployed after earning a degree,
despite the high value and expectation placed on education. Thousands of young university or college
graduates can be seen lining up in job fairs around the country in search of elusive employment
opportunities.
The goal of the higher education system in the Philippines is to develop professionally
competent, service-oriented, principled, and productive citizens. By the virtue of R.A. 9717, St.
Camillus College of Manaoag is mandated to provide both advanced instruction and research in
Agriculture and allied technological sciences including education. In line with this mandate, the
university offered an Elementary Education Program, along with Secondary education aim to produce
Page 3
teachers who can teach across the different learning areas. SCCM is committed to producing globally
competitive graduates and nurture quality pre-service teachers who demonstrate excellent
performance in the area of instruction anchored on professional and ethical standards of a teacher.
This study intends to show the job satisfaction and employability of Bachelor of Elementary
Education graduates in St. Camillus College of Manaoag. The SCCM Campus was established to cater
the increasing demand of college education in the municipality and nearby community. One of the
curricular offering of the external campus are the Bachelor in Secondary Education (BSED) and
Bachelor in Elementary Education (BEED). These two courses produced hundredths of graduates
since it had its first batch of graduates in 2014. Thus, this study will examine graduate unemployment
in the BEED course. It seeks to determine the factors that influence graduate unemployment, to what
extent the concept of employability plays a role in this, and to provide recommendations for resolving
the challenges. This is conducted to trace the destination of the teacher education graduates since
they left university with a view to establish among others their current activity, utilization of skills, the
level of employment and job satisfaction.

2. Describe the setting where your study is to be conducted.

SETTING OF THE STUDY

This study will be conducted at St. Camillus College of Manaoag located at Brgy. Licsi,
Manaoag, Pangasinan, Philippines. SCCM has been bestowing responsive quality education and
community involvement for more than ten years years. The college envisions being the best
institution of learning in Manaoag and empowered to educate youth to become responsible leaders of
community, to instill in them the Camillian spirit and to maintain as benchmark in the field of
technology, and its mission to provide basic instructions that will prepare them succeed in today’s
rapidly changing world; develop citizens who are productive, god-loving, honest, selfreliant, and
committed to conserve the country’s natural resources.

3.Search for related literature that you can use to define the main variables of your study.
Collect at least 3 references per variable. Write down the definitions.

RELATED LITERATURE
Valenzuela et al (2012) asserted that graduate employability is a function of a range of individual
characteristics. Employability attributes include significant manageable skills such as adaptability, intellectual
skills, teamwork and basic interpersonal skills and their usefulness to the graduates in their jobs. The employed
respondents emphasized the importance of educational qualifications and jobspecific skills to be successful in
their jobs. Both unemployed and employed graduates have expressed their desire to get jobs that are related to
their chosen fields. Job-seeking strategies such as the use of the internet, walk-in interviews and attendance at
job fairs demonstrate the respondents’ use of both formal and informal search methods. It was also noted that
Page 4
the unemployed graduates gave a greater weight to starting salary when choosing a job. This supports a
suggestion that wage flexibility may be important to an individuals’ employability. The findings of Galila-
Infante, Junco, and Marquez (2014) regarding the Employment Status of the Graduates of Guimaras State
College, Philippines revealed that majority of the graduates were employed on a contractual basis with a
monthly salary of P5, 000.00 to less than P10, 000.00. Those who were not employed prioritized their family
responsibility. It was noted in the study that the Filipino families value education as means to finding better
employment opportunities.
Aquino, Punongbayan, Macalaguim, Bauyon, Rodriguez, and Quizon (2015) conducted the Teacher
Education Graduate Tracer Study from 2010 to 2014 in one State University in Batangas. The results divulged
that majority of the graduates are passers of Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET), and are employed in
public schools relevant to their degree. Their present employment was also their first job, it took them only a
moderate period of time to land a job and most of them stay in their profession for economic reasons. The
graduates asserted that communication skills and human relation skills acquired during their pre-service
education were very relevant to their jobs. One of the immediate concerns of policymakers in Higher Education
Institutions (HEI’s) is the employability of their graduates in the cutting-edge economies. Problems regarding
the employability of graduates were given renewed focus in the current climate of the labor market. Educators
continue to emphasize the importance of employability competencies’ in order for graduates to be fully
prepared in meeting the tasks of an increasingly flexible labor market. A number of studies regarding the
employability of education graduates in the country proved the importance of this particular concern among
educators and policymakers (Boholano in 2012). The study exposed that among the elementary education
graduates which revealed that challenging/interesting work, high salary, and professional growth are the three
top priorities in the workplace for graduates were looking for.
The study of Labaria (2016) explored the Job Satisfaction and Employability of Education Graduates of
Western Philippines University Quezon Campus. It was revealed that the respondents are satisfied with their
job, they found it challenging and motivates them to do their best and the chance to grow professionally in their
present job was described as very high. Correspondingly, they found contentment in teaching coupled with a
feeling of belongingness in their present work. Hence, education graduates have unlimited chances in the
professional world both in the government and private educational institutions. In addition to these studies
mentioned, the employability of graduates is one of the outcome indicators under curriculum and instruction
parameter of the new Outcomes-Based Quality Assurance (OBQA) instrument for evaluation of the Accrediting
Agency of the Chartered Colleges and Universities in the Philippines (AACCUP). In the light of the
aforementioned studies and the requirements of accrediting body evaluating Teacher Education programs in the
country, it is imperative to study and locate the employment of graduates of Cavite State University Naic in
order to initiate some improvement in its program offerings and establish a baseline data for further researches
of the same undertaking.

References:
Aquino, AB and Punongbayan, EJ (2015). Teacher education graduate tracer from 2010 to 2014 in
one state university in Batangas, Philippines. Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, Vol
3, No. 5 Commission on Higher Education (2006) Manual for Graduate Tracer Studies, Manila,
Philippines
Page 5
Boholano, Agustin. (2012). Employability of BEED Graduate of University of Rizal System, Antipolo
City. International Journal of Advanced Research, 5(12),1499-1504.

Department of Education. (2017). DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2017: Adoption and Implementation of
Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers. DepEd. https://bit.ly/32Ymg3w

4.Determine the seriousness of your research problem. Show statistical evidence of its gravity.
Give the complete details of the references.

5.State the general objective of the research study.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE

This study seeks to determine the employability and the status of employment of St. Camillus
College of Manaoag Education graduates in BEED Program, within the academic years of 2015-2016,
2016-2017, 2017-2018, 2018-2019, 2019-2020 based on CHED Memorandum Order 11, series 1999.
This study aims to trace the employment profile of the graduates after they obtained their
teacher education degree. Specifically, it also determined the graduates’ employment status as well as
the transition time from graduation to employment and their job satisfaction. The study also surveyed
the relevance of the respondents’ first job to their education degree in college. The survey also aimed
to assess the graduates’ perception on the contribution of the university training to the graduates’
skills development and the degree of effectiveness, adequacy and relevance of their pre – service
teacher education training

6.After the research has been conducted or the problem has been solved, identify the people
or entities that will benefit from the research and the direct benefits they will get from
it.

Administration
The study will serve as guide for the administration and management of St. Camillus College of
Manaoag in providing sufficient information for the career-follow up program of the BEEd graduates.
It is an opportunity for the school to be able to measure the effectiveness of the BEEd program, in
relation to its mission and vision.
Academic Coordinator of the College of Education:
The study will help the dean to develop new teaching methods and techniques for the faculty by
sending them to conferences, workshops, training and linkages with focus on teaching strategies to
keep abreast with the changing educational milieus. The results of this study will help the Education

Page 6
department to improve the curriculum and instructional approaches, in providing quality education
and produce effective and efficient BEEd graduates.

Faculty:
In this study, faculty members will become aware of their graduates including their
employment status that could serve as an inspiration to become more motivated in molding future
professional teachers. The study will also serve as evidence that the faculty have produced productive
and effective individuals with instilled Camillian values such as love of God and self-discipline.
Students:
With the findings of this study, students will see the prospective careers waiting for them
through the successful alumni doing good in their field of teaching. It will arouse them to strive hard
in their studies to become successful individuals in the future, like the alumni ahead of them.
Parents:
Parents will have a good preview of the possible outcome of their children’s education, that
with proper guidance and training from the college, they will be able to become productive and
responsible members of their community.
Community:
The data gathered from the SCCM graduates of BEEd could serve as essential input to the
community development profile, as every alumnus us an additional source of man power, prestige
and pride to the community, role model and responsible tax payer contributing to the growth of the
economy.
Future Researchers:
This study will guide the future researcher to conduct studies or investigation concerning the
employment status and teaching skill of the SCCM BEEd graduates.

Page 7
 Topic #5: The Conceptual / Theoretical Framework

Pre-Module Activity:

 Research about a theory that is related to your course and answer the following questions.

Course: Bachelor of Elementary Education

Name of Theory: Theory of Human Capital
Theorist/s : Gary Becker
Brief discussion of Theory:

This theory explains the relationship between a graduate's educational background and the
labor market. Education gives marketable skills and expertise essential to employee productivity.
Therefore, the more educated a worker is, they will have a greater number of available and open
employment opportunities, as well as a higher income in the labor market. The human capital theory
considers skills to be commodities, and it is founded on the assumption that a person will be able to
invest in his or her studies since it will lead to more marketable qualities. Because technological
advancements require a better educated workforce for the productive system to operate properly,
these skills will be recognized by demand in the labor market. The theory explained the current study
objectives of evaluating the graduates' competencies and skills obtained during their education for
their employment experience.

Guide questions:
1.How did your chosen theorist/s arrive at his or her proposed theory?
This theory stated that the knowledge and skills acquired through education have a direct
impact on worker’s productivity. The present study assessed the graduate's employment
characteristics and extent of contribution, relevance, and usefulness of the skills, training,
and values that graduate acquired university employment.
The dominant paradigm in the economics of education is Human Capital Theory, which
suggests that education and training are investments that make individuals genuinely more
productive. Individuals who are more productive will, according to this theory, also have
higher earnings and be more employable. The private economic return to investing in
education or training, that is, the gain to the individuals, can therefore be measured by the
net gain in lifetime earnings accruing as a result of their investment in education or training.

Page 8
 2.What major variables did your chosen theorist consider as the foundation for the
formulation of his or her theory? List and explain some of the variables.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES DEPENDENT VARIABLES

Career Development Job Satisfaction
 Local conferences
 Seminars  Employee recognition
 Workshops  Career advancement opportunity
 International Conferences  Conducive Work Environment
 Remuneration
Manpower training  Performance and success
 In-house training
 Out-door training

3.Based on your research output, how do you define the word “theory”?

Based on our research output, a theory is an attempt to explain why and so to provide
understanding. It is not just ‘any’ explanation but a theory comes into being when a series of
ideas come to be held and accepted by a wider community of people. It is a set of interrelated
concepts used to describe, explain and predict a certain phenomena. A theory is not
necessarily factually based – how we understand and provide explanations arises from our
cultural background and how we view the world.

Page 9
 ACTIVITY

A. Research two (2) theories or concepts that are related to your present study.
Discuss how each theory or concept is related to your study.

(1) HUMAN CAPITAL THEORY

The theory of Human Capital formed the basis for this paper which considers skills to be
commodities, and it is founded on the assumption that a person will be able to invest in his or her studies
since it will lead to more marketable qualities. This theory explains the relationship between a graduate's
educational background and the labor market. Education gives marketable skills and expertise essential to
employee productivity. Therefore, the more educated a worker is, they will have a greater number of
available and open employment opportunities, as well as a higher income in the labor market.
Efforts have been made to highlight the values, importance of human capital to management,
individuals and all others interested in the development of their workforce. The approaches as identified
and applied in the study, found its root in business economics theory, which when effectively applied has
the capacity to act as change agent on employees for performance leading to organizational success. Th is
theory also reveals that management principles as embedded in management dynamics can not be
ignored by organization that poised for serious business.
The human capital amounts to investment on education and training which can be undertaken by
individual or group of individual workers of any institution or organization. Becker (1993) conceived of
human capital as referring to “investment in education, training, skills, health, and other values that can
not be separated from the individual.” Human capital is a trait crystallized in an individual that can not be
expunged. To Okojie (1995) human capital refers to the “abilities and skills of the human resources of a
country.All the literatures reviewed on the concept of human capital imply or emphasize the same thing in
their various definitions, that there is need for more investment in education and training for
organizations to succeed in the contemporary world of competition. Organization that de-emphasize or
lay no premium importance on the training and development of its human resource or labour force, is
bound to fail or to simply put, is tilting towards a state of collapse.
In connection with our present study, it shows that human capital involves increase investment in
education and training of the individuals. The present study assessed the graduate's employment
characteristics and extent of contribution, relevance, and usefulness of the skills, training, and values that
graduate acquired university employment. The theory explained the current study objectives of evaluating
the graduates' competencies and skills obtained during their education for their employment experience.
(2) CONSENSUS THEORY OF EMPLOYABILITY

This Consensus Theory of Employability is also one of the basis of this research which is about
graduates possessing an appropriate level of skills and attributes, and being able to use them to gain and
remain in appropriate employment. talks about theory of employability suggests less emphasis on the
diferent qualities and more on generic academic skills. Employability is a promise to employees that they
will have the skills to find new jobs quickly if their jobs end unexpectedly . Employability is defined as
graduates being able to demonstrate the attributes to obtain jobs. Commonly, institutional employability
relates to the employment rates of the university graduates.
However, it could be assumed that the individual's personal skills could have considerable bearing
on a particular student's success in the employability stakes.The jobs market is rapidly changing with
new sectors emerging, changing the nature of work and the way employees perceive the workplace.
Graduates will have to be flexible and have the personal capabilities to manage changing and challenging
work situations. Employers are looking to recruit graduates who fit into the organisational culture and
utilise their abilities and skills to transform the company by facilitating innovative teamwork.
According to Yorke and Knight (2004) employability is seen to be influenced, amongst other things
by students' self efficacy beliefs, student's self-theories and personal qualities. They highlight that what is
of critical importance is the extent to which students feel that they can “make a difference”. This,
importantly, not only broadens the focus to include a wider range of attributes required to be successful
within employment but also includes the attributes required to manage one's career development in ways
that will sustain one's employability.
In connection with our present study, we need to determine what employers want and matching
the needs with under-graduate courses can only be achieved if universities obtain the specific needs
articulated by potential employers, and keep up with the changes that are taking place in today's
workplace, and produce a graduate ready for the world of work. It's important to identify the significance
of self-efficacy in influencing career intentions since the level of self-belief which individuals have in their
ability to be successful in the quest of a particular career is likely to control which path is chosen.
Individuals will require higher levels of self-efficacy if they are to select a route which is perceived as
difficult, challenging or non-traditional.
 B. Create a Paradigm for your study then explain it in paragraph form.

INPUT PROCESS OUTUT

Profile of the
Respondents
Personal Data
Letter of Permission
2.Employment Data
Online Questionnaires
Degree of Importance
of Work-Related
Interview with Profiling of the
Graduates Employment
Skills, Values and
Decoding of Results Status of BEED
Competencies
Tabulation
Interpretation Graduates from
S.Y 2015-2021

Explanation of the Paradigm:

The researchers will determine the distribution of graduates according to the different profile
variables. It includes the evaluation of the graduate's perceived relevance and usefulness of the program’s
curriculum and the competencies and values they learned in their employment. Graduate employment
characteristics will also explored and investigated in terms of their initial and current employment. The
study's findings provided important information to the college institution about the graduates' current
status after graduation, as well as the quality of the academic curriculum and services provided by the
university.
 ACTIVITY
Formulate the “Review of Related Literature” of your title. Don’t forget to cite the references.

Foreign Literature:
As stipulated by Akinwumi (2002), that the impact of principal supervisory techniques on teacher
productivity in Oyo State Secondary Schools. An ex-post -facto research design was adopted for the study.
The stratified random sampling techniques were used to select 85 schools from among 318 public
secondary schools and 15 private secondary schools among 47 private secondary schools in Oyo State. 1,
600 respondents consisting 100 principals 500 teachers and 100 students were used in the study. While
data were collected through the use of questionnaire tagged "Teacher Productivity Questionnaire" (TPQ)
and participant observation. The study discovered that, supervision has no significant impact on
productivity of both high and low income earning teachers. It was also revealed that supervision has
greater impact on teacher productivity in public schools than in private schools. Based on the findings it
was recommended that attention should be paid to supervision mechanism details and be effectively
implemented.
Moreover, according to Marsh and Hattie (2002) that there is a strong rationale reinforcing the
claims that research should contribute to teaching. Research forms the basis of the content of teaching.
Teachers who are active researchers are more likely to be on the cutting edge of their discipline and aware
of international perspectives in their field. Because textbooks may not be current in many rapidly
developing areas, lectures may be the first point of contact with the latest developments. Teachers who are
involved in research are more likely to be at the forefront of their discipline. Results from one's research
can be used to clarify, update, and amend the teaching of a topic. Research enhances teaching through the
introduction of new topics and methodologies. Teachers discussing their own research provide a sense of
excitement about the results and how they fit into a larger picture. Active researchers are more effective at
instilling an actively critical approach to understanding complex research findings rather a passive
acceptance of facts. Students appreciate teachers who present research that the teachers have actually
conducted. This provides an authenticity to the presented material that differs from presentations by
teachers who are only discussing the work of others in which they have no active involvement. Similarly,
teaching should contribute to research. The process of teaching the subject matter of a discipline forces
academics to clarify the big picture into which their specific research specialization fits. Preparation of
teaching materials can elucidate gaps in the academic's knowledge base. Sharing the results of one's
research with students in a teaching context helps researchers clarify their research. Students'
suggestions, comments, questions, and criticisms can elucidate new research directions. Sharing the
results of one's research efforts with an appreciative audience provides reinforcement for having done the
research and pursuing further research.
As stated by Dickinson (2011), that elementary teacher preparation programs may exclude disabled
students because of faulty assumptions about their employment opportunities. This study asked
superintendents, certification officers, elementary teacher educators and teacher placement directors to
judge the employability of variously disabled elementary teachers. There were marked differences in the
apparent employability of disabled teachers, with social deviants judged less acceptable than persons with
severe sensory or motor impairments. The existence of small numbers of respondents who judged
virtually all the examples to be employable suggests that disabled applicants could find employment as
elementary teachers.
Shulls and Trivitt (2015) examined the relationship between observable teacher characteristics and
productivity as measured by an increase in student achievement on a standardized test using a value-
added approach. This analysis focused on teachers of algebra, geometry, and 11th grade English Language
Arts in Arkansas. The authors generated a value-added score at the school-course level and attributed that
score to each teacher of that course in the school. The authors then regressed observable teacher
characteristics on the value-added measure. The authors found no evidence that teacher certification
route affects student tests scores, but found that higher ability math teachers do lead to higher scores

Local Literature:
De Guzman and De Jesus (2008) stated that graduates are exhorted to develop personal skills,
qualities, and experiences that enable them to compete in the labor market (Moreau & Leathwood, 2006;
McQuid & Lindsay, 2005). This graduate tracer study (GTS) creates an empirical portrait that describes
the employment aspects of the graduates of a comprehensive university in the Philippines during the
years 2001-2004 to identify policy imperatives for greater relevance of higher education curricula to
industry needs and expectations. A sample of 540 randomly selected graduates representing various
disciplines participated in this study. Data were gathered through a survey instrument developed by a
pool of experts identified by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) in the Philippines. Data were
treated in-depth through descriptive and inferential statistics. Graduates of the institution under study
pursue advanced studies and other work-related training. The impressive employability profile of
comprehensive university graduates to middle level management positions particularly those representing
the social behavioral sciences, natural sciences, medical fields, engineering and technology and mass
communication is brought about not by the academic honors of the graduates but through capabilities
such as knowledge, skills and attitudes used in work places. There is a need to develop a more functional
framework for employability where the diversity of fields of study offered in universities are linked to the
diversity of employment is also discussed in this paper.
According to an article in the collegeview.com, the importance of the college education is also
accentuated because of the opportunity to gain valuable resources during the student’s tenure. The more
connections the students collected during their college years, the more options they will have when they
begin their job search. Once they have ended their job search and have started their career, however, the
importance of a college education has not been exhausted. Having a college degree often provides for
greater promotion opportunity. It is yet true that people who engage college degree will have greater
employment opportunity than those who did not finished a degree for the reason that a college graduate
invested time to learn more after graduated in high school and undergoes rigid training in their colleges or
universities where they graduated.
 According to Zulueta (2004), the program as any organized and systematic learning conducted
largely outside the formal educational subsystem that may or may not provide certification. Definition
asides, the characteristics of nonformal education make it quite different from the formal subsystem in-a
number of ways. First, non-formal education addresses the needs of those who were not able to
participate in the formal subsystem. In this regard. The clientele are quite different. A substantial number
dropped out of the formal subsystem, the reason for this being numerous though mostly centred on
poverty. The organization, specific activities and delivery methods associated with non-formal education
are designed to meet the express needs of district clientele. At the present, non-formal education in the
Philippines has four thrusts, such as: family planning; vocational skills; functional literacy; livelihood
skills.
Moreover, according to Ballon (2007) graduates are faced with the challenge of acquiring
employment right after graduation. It is paramount that they should have gained the best knowledge and
skills in their field of specialization before plunging into any workplace of their choice. A school plays a
very important role in providing higher education courses to students who will eventually become
graduates with full competence in their fields of study. A graduate who leaves the sanctuary of the
academe desire to find the best employment out there in the job market. However, a job seeker's desire for
the best job is hampered by lack of basic skills relevant to the job, lack of experience, poor communication
and social skills and among others. Graduate related factors, competencies learned in college, mode of job
search and career-choice related factors can be considered as predictors of employability of graduates.
Age, civil status, region of origin and educational attainment are graduate related factors that predict
graduate employability. Competencies in human relations, communication and Information Technology
serve as advantages to young graduates in looking for employment. Graduates who are recommended by
someone and with strong passion for the profession immediately find employment.These predictors of
employability once perfectly honed and acquired are answers to the issues that bedevil young graduates
and job seekers.
 ACTIVITY
Formulate the “Review of Related Studies” of your approved title. Gather related studies and fill in the
following items with the required information.

Research title: Employment Status of Bachelor of Elementary Education Graduates of St.

Camillus College of Manaoag from 2015-2021

Related Study 1:

Title of Thesis:
Employment, Employability, and Competencies of the Bachelor of Secondary Education
Graduates

Author/s :
Manuel E. Caingcoy

School/Institution:
Bukidnon State University, Philippines

Year: 2018

Relevant Findings:

The findings on the study of Caingoy (2018), most of the 2016 graduates had been employed in
teaching and teaching-related jobs but in contractual arrangements within the first and second six months
after graduation. Many had their first jobs but received a meager salary, mostly from the private sector.
Communication, pedagogy, information communication technology, time management, and flexibility
were the top competencies they adequately acquired and deemed beneficial in previous, current and
future work. The competencies that most of them had adequately or acquired Caingcoy, Ramirez, Gaylo,
Adajar, Lacdag, & Blanco were mostly from skills domain. The study concluded that the Bachelor of
Secondary Education programs allowed graduates to acquire 21st-century skills. The common factor that
limits their employment and employability status was their eligibility. If the licensure examination can be
held within the first three months after graduation, graduates can obtain a job after that period. Though
graduates were found employable, yet they cannot earn a much bigger salary, obtain a permanent job, and
land in government employment nor look for a greener pasture since they were limited by their eligibility
at that time, especially that it was pandemic. The results of the study have corresponding implications for
future researches in determining the most employable skills in secondary teaching. The university,
especially the Secondary Education Department, may consider revisiting the curriculum to ensure the
integration and development of the skills for 21st-century employment. Classroom instruction can
emphasize the development of employable skills. Eventually, these become the competitive advantage and
employability capitals of future graduates. The employers of graduates, who acquired inadequately the
competencies, may offer professional development activities that further enhance their skills, knowledge,
attitudes, and values, especially those aligned with 21st-century skills. The results imply changing the
schedule of administering the licensure examination favorably within the first three months including the
release of results. This recommendation can surely lessen the cost of waiting among graduates. This
recommendation implies for the university to prepare graduates to ensure they could obtain the license at
the time.

Relationship to the Present Study:

In connection with our present study, this study will also determine how the higher education
institution play an important role in helping their graduates secure and maintain a job related to their
training. The HEIs administration and faculty members can do this by helping the students acquire the
necessary and relevant skills demanded by the labor market. They may initiate improvement plans of their
program offerings that will highlight the importance of the acquisition of competencies and skills for the
improvement of the graduates’ employability. The College of Education must also consistently conduct a
tracer study on the employability of their graduates to serve as an evaluating factor in the performance of
its programs. As future researchers, we may also conduct a tracer study that includes the employers or
direct supervisors of the graduates in order to get their feedback on the efficacy and performance of the
graduates.

References:
Caingcoy, Manuel (2018), Employment, Employability, and Competencies of the Bachelor of Secondary
Education Graduates, Bukidnon State University, Philippines. SMCC Teacher Education Journal, 2018,
Retrieved from https://sherj.smccnasipit.edu.ph/articles/education2/Aba s.pdf 2. Caingcoy
Related Study 2:

Title of Thesis:
Tracer Study of Teacher Education Graduates of the Eastern Visayas State University-
Tanauan Campus, Philippines

Author/s :
Sofio Rocky T. Caminoc, Belinda R. Basas

School/Institution:
Eastern Visayas State University - Tanauan Campus, Philippines

Year: 2021

Relevant Findings:
According to the study's findings, the employability status of teacher education graduates was
extremely favorable. The graduates chose the education-related program as their university degree as
influenced by their parents and good academic performance in high school. Most of the graduates of the
batch of 2013 to 2017 were employed with regular or permanent job status. Graduates work as
professionals and earn salaries ranging from 20,000 to less than 25,000 pesos. The majority of them took
1 to 6 months to get their first job, and the primary reason for leaving their first job was salary and benefit
considerations. All of the program's learning areas were deemed relevant to graduates' employment, with
the general education and practice teaching learning areas getting the highest mean score.
Communication and human relations skills were found by the graduates to be the most useful
competencies in the workplace. Confidence and competence were the most useful values for employment,
according to the graduate's evaluation. Entrepreneurial skills and commitment to value, on the other
hand, were perceived as the least useful competencies and values for employment by teachers' education
graduates. The study results only give emphasis on the importance of a student’s feedback in measuring
the quality of the academic and non-academic performance of a certain higher educational institution.

Relationship to the Present Study:

In connection with our present study, this study also examine the employment characteristics of
teacher education graduates from the classes of 2015 to 2019. Specifically, to explore a graduate's
perception of the extent of the relevance of their chosen program curriculum learning areas to
employment, and the extent of the use of competencies and values they learned at university. Similar
research may be undertaken in the future, which should include other school-related and employability
variables not covered in the study. Salaries and benefits were the major factors in changing the first job
careers of graduates. Moreover, graduates perceived the extent of the curriculum offered as relevant, and
the general education and teaching practicum learning areas were found to be the most relevant areas that
contribute the most to their employment. Communication, human relations, and self-assurance skills are
the most useful workplace competencies and values. Students' university preparation has greatly aided
their employment.

References:
Sofio Rocky T. Caminoc, Belinda R. Basas (2021), Tracer Study of Teacher Education Graduates of the
Eastern Visayas State University-Tanauan Campus, Philippines, Eastern Visayas State University -
Tanauan Campus, Philippines. JPAIR Institutional Research, 5(1), 91-109.

Related Study 3:

Title of Thesis: Bachelor of Elementary Education Graduates batch 2014 – 2016: A Tracer
Study
Author/s
Lorlyn T. Abe1 , Donabel A. Dumelod
School/Institution:
College of Education, Isabela State University, Cauayan Campus
Year: 2020
Relevant Findings:
As the result of the Tracer Study of the Bachelor of Elementary Education graduates from 2014-
2016, it found out that most of the graduates are male and their ages are from 19 to 24. While pursuing
their degree, most of the respondents said that their source of finances was from their parents and other
sources include work while studying, scholarship, siblings and relatives. A total of 96 BEEd graduates are
currently employed during the conduct of the study and most of them are in education. The lowest
starting gross monthly salary is less than 5,000 pesos, and the highest is 25,000 pesos and above. Most of
the employed respondents waited for 1 – 6 months before their first job. There are four factors identified
that influenced graduates employability these are Personal Factors, Academic Factors, Employment
factors and Unemployment Factors. Regarding personal factors, employability has a high percentage
among males, married respondents and those with ages 28 – 30. In academic factors, there is one
hundred percent employability when a BEEd graduate has master’s degree and with honors or award and
respondents whose source of finances while studying are their relatives, husbands and work are 100%
employed. Under employment factors, most of the respondents have eligibility and salaries and benefits
offered by their present work is their reason for staying on their present job. For unemployment factors,
we found out that 40 graduates are not employed during the conduct of the study and their reason for
unemployment were due to Licensure Exam review, family responsibility, no job opportunity and chose
not to work, further studies, job offered was not suitable, lack of self-confidence to.
Relationship to the Present Study:

In connection with our study, the graduates of the Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEEd) from
2014 to 2016 were also surveyed to determine their whereabouts and the factors influencing their
employability. The findings revealed that the majority of the graduates were female, single, LET passers,
and employed full‐ time in basic education public and private institutions. Differences in the responses of
the graduates were also identified in the different factors affecting BEEd graduates’ employability
regarding personal factors, academic factors, employment factors, unemployment factors. It also
described the employment status of graduates considering the length of the waiting period, starting pay,
the nature of job taken, and relevance of the job to training, and job satisfaction.

References:
Lorlyn T. Abe1 , Donabel A. Dumelod (2020), Bachelor of Elementary Education Graduates batch 2014 –
2016: A Tracer Study. College of Education, Isabela State University, Cauayan Campusvol. 122, pp. 63–70,
2017.

Related Study 4:

Title of Thesis:
Employability of Education Graduates of Cavite State University Naic

Author/s :
Ligaya P. Antiojo, PhD

School/Institution:
Cavite State University Naic

Year: 2017

Relevant Findings:

In the light of the foregoing results, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. 86% (68/79) of the
BSEd graduates and 83% (40/48) of the BEEd graduates were employed in teaching-related careers. In
terms of number of employed graduates, there are more graduates employed in public schools than those
employed in private schools for both BSEd and BEEd. There is no significant difference in the
employability of education graduates between the public and private schools for both BSEd and BEEd;
and Most of the education graduates were employed with in the province of Cavite, a great percentage was
located in Naic and other adjacent municipalities, and three of the graduates were noted to be employed
abroad. The study revealed that 86.1% of the BSEd graduates and 83.3% of the BEEd graduates were
employed in teaching-related careers; there are more graduates employed in public schools than those
employed in private schools for both BSEd and BEEd; however, these variations do not differ significantly
for both BSEd and BEEd graduates, Almost all of the education graduates were employed in schools in the
different municipalities of Cavite, a great percentage of which were located in Naic and other adjacent
towns, and three of the graduates were recorded to be employed abroad. It is recommended that the pre-
service teachers be deployed in both public and private schools during their student teaching in order to
give them the opportunity for immersion in both environments.

Relationship to the Present Study:

In connection with our study, it also seeks to response to the challenge to produce quality
graduates for better employment and regarding the employability of education graduates. Our data will be
gathered through interview of former education graduates, use of technologies such as e-mail, messenger,
FB and the likes to come up with attribute data presented in terms of frequency counts and percentage.

References:
Ligaya P. Antiojo (2017), Employability of Education Graduates of Cavite State University Naic. Cavite
State University Naic.Retrieved from http://www.aijcrnet.com/journals/Vol_4_No_3
March_2014/10.pdf

***You may add more related studies as long as you have at least three (3) to place in
your research study.
 ACTIVITY

Create your Scope and Delimitation and Significance of the Study by answering the
following questions:

1. Identify the variables that your research will focus on. Write them on the table below.

VARIABLES ATTRIBUTES
BEED Graduates
St. Camillus College of
Manaoag
Nature of Appointment This refers as to whether the employed respondent is
permanent, casual, regular, contractual or
provisionary.

Employability: It pertains to the graduates working status whether

they teach, or are entrepreneur or simply
unemployed.

Eligibility It pertains to the passing in the Licensure

Examination for Teachers of an individual who
finished bachelor’s degree in education.

2. Where and when will the data be gathered?

This study will be conducted in St. Camillus College of Manaoag Foundation, Inc. located at Licsi,
Manaoag, Pangasinan, Philippines. The respondents of this study were the graduates of the Bachelor of
Elementary Education at St. Camillus College of Manaoag Foundation, Inc., specifically from batch 2011-
2012, batch 2012-2013, batch 2013-2014, batch 2014-2015, batch 2015-2016, batch 2016-2017 up to
batch 2017-2018. The total number of graduates is 40 yet only 26 graduates were extended their interest
to this study.

3. Who are the beneficiaries of your study and what benefits will they receive from the results of
your study? Cite at least three benefits for each beneficiary.
 Beneficiaries Benefits

For the 1. The study will help the dean to develop new teaching methods and techniques for
Administration the faculty by sending them to conferences, workshops, training and linkages with
of SCCM focus on teaching strategies to keep abreast with the changing educational milieu.
2. The results of this study will help the Education department to improve the
curriculum and instructional approaches, in providing quality education and
produce effective and efficient BEEd graduates.

3. This study will determine if the lessons learned inside the classroom are
used in the workplace to become an effective and dynamic teacher. This study
helps the instructors to determines the effectiveness of teaching methods
used.
For BEED 1. It will arouse them to strive hard in their studies to become successful
Graduates individuals in the future, like the alumni ahead of them. This will help them to
assess their capabilities to the school and to broaden their views that enables them
to understand the world of work.

2. The graduates should further enhance their professional growth by taking

graduate studies and finish what they had started in graduate studies.

3. With the findings of this study, students will see the prospective careers waiting
for them through the successful alumni doing good in their field of teaching.
For Future 1. Findings from this study should be used in future graduate tracer study and use
Research as reference for the graduate assessment program.
2. The results of this study provided an information which could help other
researchers in the future who will someday be taking up similar research.

3.This study will guide the future researcher to conduct studies or

investigation concerning the employment status and teaching skill of
the BEEd graduates.

The Institution 1. The study will serve as guide for the administration and management of St.
Camillus College of Manaoag in providing sufficient information for the career-
follow up program of the BEEd graduates.
2. It is an opportunity for the school to be able to measure the effectiveness of
the BEEd program, in relation to its mission and vision.

3. In this study, faculty members will become aware of their products (graduates)
including their employment status that could serve as an inspiration to become
 more motivated in molding future professional teachers. The study will also serve
as evidence that the faculty have produced productive and effective individuals with
instilled Claudian values such as love of God and self-discipline. It will inspire the
instructors as they see their products molded in the right th with good career ahead
of them
Community 1.The members will have a good preview of the possible outcome of their
children’s education, that with proper guidance and training from the
college, they will be able to become productive and responsible
members of their community.

2.The data gathered from the graduates of BEEd could serve as essential
input to the community development profile, as every alumnus us an
additional source of man power, prestige and pride to the community,
role model and responsible tax payer contributing to the growth of
the economy.
 ACTIVITY

1. Choose from the following aspect of Philippine society:

a. POLITICS
b. RELIGION
c. EDUCATION
d. HEALTH
e. MEDIA
2. From your chosen aspect, analyze the changes that may happen to this area
or aspect in the next five years.
3. Answer the following guide questions:
a. What aspect of Philippine society did your group choose as a topic for its
presentation? Why did the group choose this aspect?
b. What changes did you predict for this aspect in the next five years? Explain briefly.
c. What factors did your group consider for these predictions?
d. Do you personally believe that your predictions may come to pass? Why do you think
so?
e. How can you relate this activity with the formulation of a hypothesis and the
making of assumptions in a study?
 ACTIVITY
Formulate the “Hypothesis” of your approved title. Provide the necessary information for the following
items:

Research title:
Employment Status of Bachelor of Elementary Education Graduates of St. Camillus
College of Manaoag from 2015-2021

1.Write the statement of the problem.

This research seeks to determine the employment status of Bachelor of Eleme ntary Education
Graduates of St. Camillus College of Manaoag from 20152021.
Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following:
1. What is the employment status of SCCM BS who graduated from 2015-2021?
2. In what industries are they currently involved in?
3. How long after they graduate did they land a job?
4. What difficulties did the SCCM BS graduates experience in seeking
employment?
5. What recommendations can be proposed to improve the employment of
future SCCM BS graduates?

2.Formulate your hypothesis based on the statement of the problem. Provide an answer to each
problem question.

Hypotheses of the Study

This study tested the null hypotheses stating that:

1. There is no significant association on the status of employability of the respondents with respect to
nature of employment in terms of sex, year graduated and eligibility.
2. There is no significant difference between the level of productivity of the respondents with respect to
professional activities and community involvement in terms of sex, year graduated and eligibility.
 ACTIVITY
Formulate the “Definition of Terms” for your approved study. Provide the necessary information for
the following items:

Research title:
Employment Status of Bachelor of Elementary Education Graduates of St. Camillus
College of Manaoag from 2015-2021

1.Indicate the problems your study intends to address.

In the Philippines, the economy’s difficulty in absorbing the high number of new entrants to the
labor force is a familiar refrain. Graduates voice their frustration at not being able to land a job,
particularly a job that is well-paid and secure. Even with employment opportunities in the
business process outsourcing sector, few were hired for these positions. The employability of
graduates from an institution is very important to note. It is through education and proper
training that one may get a decent job after graduation.

2.List down the important terms, concepts, and variables that need to be defined in your research
study. Define them conceptually and/or operationally.

Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEEd) - It is a four-year program that provides academic and
appropriate training for future elementary school teachers of Grades 1 – 6 through the general education
courses, professional education, and specialization courses

Employment status - It is the status of a worker in a company on the basis of the contract of work or
duration of work done. A worker may be a full-time employee, part-time employee, or an employee on a
casual basis.

Graduate - It refers to the respondents of the study who graduated in the S.Y. 2015-2021 who has
received a degree or diploma on completing a course of study, as in a university, college, or school.

Industry - It is a group of productive enterprises or organizations that produce or supply goods,

services, or sources of income.

Reference:
Cristobal, A.P. and De La Cruz-Cristobal, M.C. (2017) Practical Research 2 for Senior High School.
C&E Publishing Inc., Quezon City.