LA CONSOLACION COLLEGE- ISABELA

6128 Isabela, Negros Occidental

JOSE RIZAL LIFE, AND WORKS, AND WRITING

GE-12 LESSON 3

Name:Michael Angelo L. Idiosolo Course&Year: BSHM-2

Teacher:Efren V. Barbadillo Date:Oct.20,2021

 STUDENT ASSESSMENT AND ACTIVITY

A.)Discuss Rizal’s experiences in Biñan.

- One Sunday afternoon, Jose after kissing the hands of his parents and a tearful parting from
his sister, left Calamba for Biñan. He was accompanied by Paciano , who acted as his second
father. The two brothers rode in a carromata, reaching their destination after one and one-half
hours’ drive. They proceeded to their aunt’s house, where Jose was to lodge. It was almost night
when they arrived, and the moon was about to rise.Rizal had his early education in Calamba and
Biñan. It was a typical schooling that a son of an ilustrado family received during his time,
characterized by the four R’s- reading, writing, arithmetic, and religion. The next morning
Paciano brought his younger brother to the school of Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz.The school
was in the house of the teacher, which was a small nipa hut about 30 meters from the home of
Jose’s aunt.Paciano knew the teacher quite well because he had been a pupil under him before.
He introduced Jose to the teacher, after which he departed to return to Calamba. Jose described
his teacher in Biñan as follows: "He was tall, thin, long-necked, with sharp nose and a body
slightly bent forward, and he used to wear a sinamay shirt, woven by the skilled hands of the
women of Batangas. He knew by the heart the grammars by Nebrija and Gainza. Add to this
severity that in my judgement was exaggerated and you have a picture, perhaps vague, that I
have made of him, but I remember only this." In academic studies, Jose beat all Biñan boys. He
surpassed them all in Spanish, Latin, and other subjects.Some of his older classmates were
jealous of his intellectual superiority. They wickedly squealed to the teacher whenever Jose had a
fight outside the school, and even told lies to discredit him before the teacher’s eyes.
Consequently the teacher had to punish Jose. Time came when Rizal learned all that Maestro
Justiniano could teach him. Accordingly, the teacher informed his parents that he should be sent
to college in Manila. In December 1871, Jose received a letter from his sister Saturnina,
informing him of the arrival of the steamer Talim which would take him from Biñan to Calamba.
On board a Frenchman named Arturo Camps, a friend of his father, took care of him.The
Christmas of 1871 was a joyous and memorable one for him. He was home and he regaled his
brother and sisters with numerous tales of his fights, escapades and school triumphs in Biñan.
B.)Why injustice to hero’s mother happened?

- One of the turning points of his life, which had a profound influence on his becoming a
political activist later on, was the unjust arrest of his mother on the charge of conspiring to
poison a relative, despite the lack of evidence against her. But what made the arrest even worse
was her humiliating treatment at the hands of authorities who made her walk all the way from
Calamba to the provincial jail in Santa Cruz, which was 50 kilometers far. There she was
imprisoned for two years before gaining her freedom. All these she took with calm and quiet
dignity, which Rizal though only a child of eleven about to embark on secondary school in
Manila would remember and replicate during his final moments just before a firing squad
snuffed out his meaningful life on that fateful December morn in 1896. Today, Doña Teodora’s
remains rest in the Rizal Shrine in Calamba, in a corner that is just as unassuming as her life.
When the American government offered her a lifetime of pension as a sign of gratitude, she
courteously refused. She explained that the family had never been patriotic for money, but if the
government had extra funds, it would do well to lighten the taxes on the Filipino people.Her
silent and dignified suffering may have escaped the attention of many Filipinos, but her legacy
shows the incalculable depths of a mother’s love that will sacrifice and endure anything for the
sake of protecting her family.

C.)Why the martyrdom of Gom-Bur-Za happened?

- The importance of the execution of the three priests rested on the fact that the Filipinos who
witnessed the execution began to think and feel as Filipinos not as Ilocanos, Tagalogs, visayans
Bicolanos, and others.They suspected that because they belonged to a different race. But the
underlying motivation was purely economic more Filipino priests controlling key churches
would shake the established status quo or, worse, they could lead a rebellion just like in Mexico
or Peru. Through this, he exposed a number of abuses and corruption that happened within the
Catholic church in Cavite. In gambler’s language, he stated that he had “Powder and Munitions”
that only meant he had plenty of money to gamble with. In February 17, 1872, Fathers Mariano
Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jocinto Zamora (Gomburza), all Filipino priest, was executed by the
Spanish colonizers on charges of subversion.Why were the GOMBURZA executed? They
actively supported the secularization movement. On 17 February 1872, he was one of the priests
executed due to the false accusations of treason and sedition, taking a supposed active role in the
Cavite Mutiny. More and more secular priests clamoured for rights within the Church, while the
established colonial and religious government looked on in fear. But it was that budding
nationalism that made him dangerous. GOMBURZA incurred the hatred of Spanish authorities
for fighting for equal rights among priest and leading the campaign against the Spanish friars.
They fought on the issues about secularization in the Philippines that lead to the conflict of
religious and church seculars Mariano Gomez is a Catholic priest born in Santa Cruz, Manila. He
fought for the rights of his fellow native priest against Spanish abuses. Jose Burgos was born in
Vigan, while Jacinto Zamora was born in Pandacan, Manila. All three took up studies in Colegio
de San Juan de Letran and the University of Sto. Tomas.Their execution had a profound effect on
many, including the youth, who would go on to form or be part of nationalist movements.
D.)Research further the martyrdom of Gom-Bur-Za.

- The Filipino people had been languishing in silence and apathy during the long time they
have remained under Spanish rule. Though there were a few brave souls who refused to remain
silent in the face of injustice, they too needed a big push before they could pick up the cudgels
for the Filipinos who fell victims at the hands of foreign oppressors.It was after the execution of
Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Apolonio Burgos and Jacinto Zamora on February 17, 1873 that
this needed impetus to fight for freedom came. On February 17, 1872, the three martyred Priests,
Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Apolonio Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora, better known for the
acronym GOMBURZA, were executed by garrote by the Spaniards in Bagumbayan in
connection with the 1872 Cavite Mutiny.The three priests incurred the hatred of the Spanish
authorities for leading the campaign against the abusive Spanish friars and fighting for equal
rights among priests. Mariano Gomez has been known to stand for the truth concerning the
current events of his time. He was part of a publication of a newspaper called “La Verdad”,
which translates in English as “The Truth”. Through this, he exposed a number of abuses and
corruption that happened within the Catholic church in Cavite. Exposing the perverted and rich
lifestyles of Spanish priests who went against their vows of poverty and chastity, and even their
illicit dealings with other prominent colonial officials and personalities. José Burgos was a fervid
nationalist. He engaged himself in lectures, debates, and other forms of publications that favor
the rights of the native Filipino clergymen. In fact, it is this attitude that made him the primary
accused suspect for the Cavite mutiny of 1872.His nationalism made him question the intentions
of Spanish priests and civilians who migrated to the Philippines. He viewed Filipino priests as
just as competent as the Spaniards, and sometimes even more, with regards to their Christian
duties. In line with these ideas, he pushed for both political and ecclesiastic reforms that would
give a chance for native Filipinos to serve their country and church without the racial biases to
hinder them. Jacinto Zamora was known to favor secularism within the church. He believed that
native born Filipino clergymen should be allowed to lead the higher offices of the church as it
would be more fitting to have a native priest performing pastoral duties in service of the native
people of the land. Trust and respect was more mutual in this sense allowing the church and its
people to prosper in line with their faith in God. This belief of course threatened the social status
for the Spaniards.They fought on unresolved issues about secularization in the Philippines that
resulted in a conflict among the religious regulars and the church seculars.The Cavite Mutiny of
workers in the arsenal of the naval shipyard over pay reduction owing to increased taxation was
magnified into a dangerous rebellion and was seized by Spanish authorities as an occasion to
silence the proponents of secularization.The Spanish prosecutors bribed a witness to testify
against the three priests who were charged with sedition and treason, which led to their death by
garrote.Their execution left a profound effect on many Filipinos, including Dr. Jose Rizal, the
national hero, who dedicated his novel Noli Me Tangere to their memory. The Gomburza priests
still wield a great influence and moral benchmark on the Filipino people. Many places and
organizations are a named after them and in remembrance of their causes.Filipinos reflect on
their advocacies during their death anniversary (February 17) with today’s current issues and
topics. Topics about race superiority, national identity, press freedom, and fairness of court and
law rulings.Although it can be argued that these three priests were reluctant of their unfair trial
and deaths, it is however undeniable to say that these priests were the seeds of modern
democracy in the Philippines. One that today still fights for truth, nationalism, and God.

REFERENCES

 2021 service.graduateway.com
 2004© Jose Rizal University
 kaspil123.wordpress.com
 esquiremag.ph
 scribd.com
 nhcp.gov.ph
 2006, 2009 Filipino.biz.ph.