CORONA OR COVID VIRUS-19

OLEH :

DESI YOLANDA

DINAS PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN

SMKN 1 NGAMBUR
TP. 2019/2020
 CORONA OR COVID VIRUS-19

A. Background on the Corona virus or COVID-19

Background on the Corona virus or COVID-19, the case began with pneumonia or mysterious
pneumonia in December 2019. This case is thought to be related to the Huanan animal market in
Wuhan which sells various types of animal meat, including those that are not commonly consumed, for
example snakes, bats and various types of mice.
Cases of this mysterious pneumonia infection are indeed commonly found in the animal
market. Corona virus or COVID-19 allegedly brought bats and other animals that humans eat until
transmission occurs. Coronavirus is actually no stranger to the world of animal health, but only a few
types are able to infect humans to become pneumonia.
Before the COVID-19 epidemic, the world had a stir with SARS and MERS, which is also
associated with the Corona virus. With this background, the Corona virus is not the only time this
makes people in the world panic. Having the same flu-like symptoms, the Corona virus develops rapidly
to result in more severe infections and organ failure.

B. Pandemics COVID-19
Bats, snakes and various other exotic animals are still considered a Corona virus vector or
COVID-19. Regardless of whether this information is true or not, COVID-19 proves itself capable of
being transmitted between people. Transmission was very rapid until the World Health Organization
WHO established the Corona virus pandemic or COVID-19 on (11/3/2020).
Pandemics or global epidemics indicate that COVID-19 infection is so fast that almost no
country or region in the world is absent from the Corona virus. The increase in the number of cases
occurred in such a short time that it needed immediate treatment. Unfortunately, until now there has
been no specific drug to deal with cases of Corona virus infection or COVID-19.
WHO states that Europe is now the center of a global Corona virus pandemic. Europe has
more cases and deaths from COVID-19 than China. The total number of Corona virus cases, according
to WHO, is now more than 136 thousand in at least 123 countries and regions. Of these, nearly 81
thousand cases existed in mainland China. Italy, which is the European country most affected by the
Corona virus, now has more than 15 thousand cases.

C. Gejala Virus Corona (COVID-19)

The initial symptoms of Corona virus infection or COVID-19 can be flu-like symptoms, such as fever,
runny nose, dry cough, sore throat, and headache. After that, symptoms can worsen. Patients can
experience high fever, cough with phlegm and even blood, shortness of breath, and chest pain. These
symptoms appear when the body reacts against the Corona virus.
However, in general there are 3 general symptoms that can indicate someone is infected with the
Corona virus, namely:
• Fever (body temperature above 38 degrees Celsius)
• Cough
• Hard to breathe

According to research, symptoms of COVID-19 appear within 2 days to 2 weeks after exposure to the
Corona virus.

C. Causes of Corona Virus (COVID-19)

Corona virus infection or COVID-19 is caused by coronavirus, which is a group of viruses that
infect the respiratory system. In most cases, coronaviruses only cause mild to moderate respiratory
infections, such as flu. However, this virus can also cause severe respiratory infections, such as
pneumonia, Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
(SARS).
It is suspected that the Corona virus was initially transmitted from animals to humans. However, it
was later discovered that the Corona virus was also transmitted from human to human. A person can
get COVID-19 through a variety of ways, that is :
• Accidentally inhaling saliva splashes (droplets) that come out when people with COVID-19
cough or sneeze
• Holding the mouth or nose without washing hands first after touching an object affected by
saliva splashes of people with COVID-19
• Close contact with people with COVID-19, such as touching or shaking hands

Corona virus can infect anyone, but the effect will be more dangerous or even fatal if it occurs in elderly
people, pregnant women, people who have certain diseases, smokers, or people whose immune
systems are weak.

D. Corona Virus Diagnosis (COVID-19)

To determine whether the patient is infected with the Corona virus, the doctor will ask about the
symptoms experienced by the patient. The doctor will also ask if the patient is traveling or living in an
area that has a case of Corona virus infection before symptoms appear.
To confirm the diagnosis of COVID-19, the doctor will carry out the following follow-up examinations:
• Rapid test as a filter
• Throat swab test to examine sputum samples (PCR test)
• Chest radiograph to detect infiltrates or fluid in the lungs

E. Corona Virus Treatment (COVID-19)

Corona virus infection or COVID-19 can not be treated, but there are some steps that doctors can
take to reduce symptoms and prevent the spread of the virus, namely:
• Referring people with COVID-19 to undergo treatment and caratina at the designated hospital
• Provide a fever and pain reliever that is safe and appropriate to the patient's condition
• Encourage sufferers of COVID-19 to do independent isolation and adequate rest
• Encourage sufferers of COVID-19 to drink lots of water to maintain body fluid levels

F. Complications of Corona Virus (COVID-19)

In severe cases, Corona virus infection can cause the following serious complications:
• Pneumonia (lung infection)
• Secondary infection in other organs
• Kidney failure
• Acute cardiac injury
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome
• Dead

G. Corona Virus Prevention (COVID-19)

Until now, there is no vaccine to prevent Corona virus infection or COVID-19. Therefore, the best
prevention method is to avoid the factors that can cause you to be infected with this virus, namely:
• Apply physical distancing, which is to maintain a minimum distance of 1 meter from other
people, and not to leave the house unless there is an urgent need.
• Use a mask when on the move in public places or crowds.
• Routinely wash hands with soap and water or hand sanitizers containing at least 60% alcohol
after doing activities outside the home or in public places.
• Increase endurance with a healthy lifestyle.
• Do not touch the eyes, mouth and nose before washing hands.
• Avoid contact with sufferers or people suspected of having COVID-19.
 • Cover mouth and nose with tissue when coughing or sneezing, then throw the tissue in the
trash.
• Avoid being close to people who are sick with a fever, cough, or runny nose.
• Keep clean objects that are often touched and environmental cleanliness, including cleaning
the house.

For people suspected of being affected by COVID-19 or included in the ODP (monitored person) or
PDP (patient under surveillance) category, there are steps that can be taken so that the Corona virus is
not transmitted to others, namely:
 Do not leave the house, except for treatment.
 If you want to go to the hospital when the symptoms get worse, you should first contact the
hospital to pick up.
 Do independent isolation by staying apart from other people for a while. If it is not possible, use
a bedroom and bathroom that is different from what others use.
 Forbid and prevent others from visiting or visiting you until you are completely healed.
 As much as possible do not meet with people who are sick.
 Avoid sharing the use of eating and drinking utensils, toiletries, and sleeping equipment with
others.
 Wear a mask and gloves when in a public place or with someone else.
 Use tissue to cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, then immediately throw
the tissue in the trash.