GTL !

" # $% &' ( )% ' #

*
' ,$ - ./ *+ #

.0"1
- * .- /0 -) ** & ,+ ! "#$# %& '& ( ) ) *
7& 89 :; < 4 ) =* +1 . 23 %& ) 4 .(#, . 5 6 , . %
1-9 & 1- ( =* .- 7)*?-4 %& + # 8 09 ) 7/ > 6 , . . /0 )
- -& -D 7) - .- 5 =* . %& +1 4 @ A ) B* 09 . C )
) . 6E, * %& > ) =* + 09 . C ) E 3 FG * ; G 1 &
H& - -) 1I# . 8 >& J, * 8 . @ JK >& J, L = * 9 B * 09 . C
+ &# GTL E I . & H& . >& J, & 9 I =* * .

.0$* 2 3$*
. J L74* , 9L & #I M #9 LGTL L 09 L19 &

4 .5
) &R 7) * N O E P#( .9 A Q L1I# #". & & 9 5 6 * 19 &
) #, ) Q" S # (. & + 09 # J ;G 1 &
+# < @A ) B* . *

Behtash.Karami@nigc.info
 GTL ! " # $% &' ( )% ' #

!J ,% >C . 1 FG ) # L ) >@ 1I# #". 6 .0 ( "# ) =*

% * T # * ! B < U V& $ 7& 89 . 5 . # ) .C#C W 5& V(# , %
+# .C#C ( % 9
+ 6 %&8 !J , & C#, 1 ( #, ) #6C# 8 # R >C .

GTL . 6 %
. * & ] H-Tropsh 74* , Z ) * F-Fisher 9Z 9 )[* \ #, X Y < GTL & 9
SU ^ =* W& GTL & 9 + # . 6 (F-T)74* ,
9 & 9 # " . ! 3* ) 8 > C % )
[1]+ .0B * >' .
# [ 5 (ATR) & #I M #9 # W& * ? *_ / ) . @ JK 7 * <* .0B
+ C#, 8 *
6 * >& J, . C* <#EG . [ % ) [ # 74* , 97 * 8 [* .0B
a> P* ` 6 & !R#EG #, M * ;U, ) &R 4 1@ A <# @ ) =*
+ ! A*<U L Ib 1 0 3 . C#,

8 C#, c
#I M #9 P8( # * / C#, C#'C# I d, * ]# ) =* 6 .0B %&
+ # >& J, 8 . V , ? * &

;I % * ) C#, c
L1C J .0 ( 809 ) 1 C, 6 * 9 7& 89 #, FT 7 4* , 9 #', W& 6
[1]+ >& J, ;I ) % * ) . ++++* [# , L>'

;I ) % * ) 1 6 7& 89 * 7&R 4 cY
e 16 &R 4 . ) & 9 & 6 I .0B
M * )
*8 C , M #9
# *8&
% 0 'C
LPG
+ C#,+++* Kerosene LNaphtha LGasoline e.0 ( "# !R#EG
 S) 9 H& . >& J, ' . ) &R 4 * $*S ) 7/ '& B * %&
B * %& + *

GTL &)7
+. ) & 9 & . 1J & 9 %& [ I 16 >A B 1I# # 8 , c
. ) & 9 & . 1J & 9 %& f .& 1 3 # % &4 c
[2]+1 . & U ) .# & GTL & 9 >A B 1I# 1 6 & >'

GTL =* >A B <8& 1I# 6 ) &R 8

GTL .8 9 ' : / # $% &' ( )% ' #

) * 9. @ JK L #,. . # g K & 9 . H& ) * 9. @ JK >& J, * 9
+ >& J,
. * 9 %& 1 a 6 16 * > P* ` ;U, ) * 9 & * ,> L<# e ) * 9 %& .0 (
e1 .0B j > 1 3 < hi 7

> = < ' / ;! <

C ) Q" 7/ # . .(#, L #(* < , ( k #I lC I 1 ( "# ) =*
) %& L # * S) 9 8 ) %& 19 & ' % )* # _# G @ JK ) @J . 09 .
) B* + N* ) 6C# L N* L% #2B .0 ( & ) EC I
M & 09 & )S 6 ) 1& " [ " * R 1 3 % >C . # 16
. #0( 09 . C H& 9 * * # , H& / 0A ! 8 5, 3 9 .
e. 5 #, Wm# ! ;3 #(* L & _ B. & ( ;I W& H& 9 #(* + & > "
09 l3 < @
* * 1 9 n 7)
09 * C#, 7& 89

.J >C % ). # <#0G )% * )*_ ( F" . $ / #(*

1 ( Zo L ( H& 9 ' B , # . $ 8/ W& * 09 . C ) 19 & Z4
8/ W& . 9 =* 6 * # o W& * (* I * K
 GTL ! " # $% &' ( )% ' #

p W& * % & 4 Zo * OfB # > B . @& ! ;3 . 0 , < & (

* 7 * ) % . U . 1J R _f( 1 9 n % > C . % <# , # % . _f(
+ p Ip R <#EG #".

.0/ &' ( ' / ? 0 .8 9 ' / 40@

)7 *
ATR
= * 9 B* >A B %& . & #I M #9 # W& > GTL & 9 .0B % *
&f4 ! #A F.T # W& 6 & 9 %& L 6 k #I # " .

# # !R @
+ ) T & #I M #9 & 9 . & ) 7 * ."# 5

CH 4 + H 2 o ↔ Co + 3H 2 ∆H R = −206kj / mol
Co + H 2 o ↔ H 2 + Co2 ∆H R = −41.2kj / mol (WGS reaction)
CH 4 + 1.5O2 → Co + 2 H 2 o ∆H R = −519kj / mol

) =* & ,V N O E q GC # *R ) >C . & #I M #9 & 9

W , & # W& 7 * %& + C, ^* C , P8( 7& L% M #9
! B+ # .9 $ # . & .# r ) & #I M #9 & 9 L [ 5 >' 1 C , * B
& 9 * G > #" '& # B 7 7& 89 L ! #A #I g B s& K [ R
% &4* WI1 ( 1 7 * . * ? 4t K KI% ).
+1 . 9 3 6 # _#0; B , 7 * *
 @ JK 8 C#, & #I M #6& # .J

F.T )7 * 0 [ 9
nCo + 2nH 2 → −(CH 2 )n − + nH 2 o ∆H R = −165kj / mol

[ & 9 V03 # " . . ) > ' , GTL & 9 7/ %& , S 74* , 98 B*

e< u #". # 6 #, # ]# % m F.T & 9[5 +#
1D #
< #
#^*
e & 1 6 ^* # %&.J
) # ]# %& <
_#0; ! B * [ ( v I
, 0 " . &8) # % & 4
7& 89 1 0 3
H& <#EG 1 C , ! b # * .K#^
+ [5 , 0 " . &8) %& . , 8 5, _ / @ . 9 ! #A .J
l/ R . )7 * W& [ 5 Z4 * # # * >J3 & 9 . ,8
<#EG * ( ! @ .0 ,S ( W& * * # * / 9L # >A B 9 *
+ 3 6 # 0A 1I# # " . H& 9 (* I
 GTL ! " # $% &' ( )% ' #

8 8 1I# C#, 74* , 9 # .J

1C B !R @
.C @ %& 6 1 ( [ R \& .0 & 1 6 SRK 1C B .C @ & 9[5 1 (
e#
1 C* 'C ^ <#0G c
H& & 9 c
i 9 cY

RT a (T )
P= −
v − b v (v + b )
where a(T ) − {1 + m(1 − Tr0.5 )}2 , m = 0.48 + 1.1524 w − 0.17 w 2
. J \&
+1 .9 Q & 9 & 4 1C B
+1 w 9 < ,*8& #
+ d, * * 1 D @ JK **
+ % ) F.T & 9 ) 1 C ,

.5
%& . 8 09 ) OfB % )L R _fB ) S B K 6 !J , # OfB
4 =* + S 1@ A 2 # OfB . 97 # R . . 23
. (#, E3 Q B * %& x B . ) # 09 ) 19 & 1 ( GTL B * .J
8 E 3 7/ Q #K % ) * @ JK . 1J GTL !R#EG *89 = . #K . 1 &f4
+
 ! 4
+y& 1GA <#EB 1 ( Aspen Plus ) .J & .J 5 [5
H(
[1] D. Schanke, P. Lian, S. Eri, E. Rytter, B.H. Sannaes, K.J. Kinnari, Optimization of
Fischer–Tropsch reactor design and operation in GTL plant, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal.
136 (2010) 239–244.

[2] The case for GTL Rationale, economics and the future, Rajnish Goswami, - GTL Summit London, 11-
12th September 2009.
[3] B. Delmon, J.T. Yates, A.P. Steynberg, M.E. Dry 2004, Fischer Tropsch Technology, Elsevier BV.
Page 50250.

[4] Choi, G.N. Kramer, S.J. Tam, S.T. Fox, J.Min Spring National Meeting, American Institute of Chemical Engineers,
Houston, 1999.

[5] Robert B. Anderson, The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; Academic Press; Orlando, (1984).

[6] Gilbert F. Foment and Kenneth B.Bischoff, Chemical Reactors Analysis and Design, 2nd
edition, (1990).