POSITION PAPER

CHILDREN IN ARMED CONFLICT

SWEDEN - SECURITY COUNCIL

Disusun untuk memenuhi mata kuliah Teori Hubungan International

Oleh:

Gregory Valencia (106219028)

PROGRAM STUDI HUBUNGAN INTERNATIONAL

UNIVERSITAS PERTAMINA

2020
 Country : Sweden
Committee : Security Council
Delegate : Gregory Valencia
Topic : Children In Armed Conflict

“Just as the Security Council was largely irrelevant to the great struggle of the last half of
the twentieth century - freedom against Communism - so too it is largely on the sidelines in our
contemporary struggles against international terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of
mass destruction” - John Bolton

Armed conflict has destroyed the lives of millions of children affected. An alarming
increase in the number of children killed or maimed in the conflict. In 2018, 12,000 children
were killed or maimed - the highest annual number since 1996, when the General Assembly
appointed Special Deputy Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict. The Secretary-
General's annual report on children and armed conflict, issued on June 9, notes that the United
Nations verified 494 attacks on schools and 433 attacks on hospitals in 2019. According to
the concept note, access to education of 75 million children and young people is disrupted
by the conflict. and insecurity in the 35 countries affected by the crisis in the last year. In
the Sahel region, the security crisis had a major impact on children's right to education in 2019.
According to UNICEF, by year's end violence had caused more than 3,300 schools in
Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger to close or not operate. , affecting 650,000 children and
16,000 teachers. The number ofclosures schoolin 2019 has increased sixfold since April 2017.

The peace that has been built since the 1990s seems meaningless. There are still many
children who must be left behind from their class. There are still many children who have lost
their school. Either it was shattered by a cannon blast or a bomb that was dropped from the air.
The saddest thing is that there are still many children who have lost their dreams due to this
armed conflict.

On 7 May, an Arria formula meeting was held with the theme “Ending and Preventing
Serious Child Abuse Through Action Plans: Best Practices from African Countries”. On 6
June, the Office of the Special Representative for Children and Armed Conflict organized an
event on “Reintegration of children previously associated with armed groups and armed
forces”. Our country is also one of the sponsors of the draft resolution of these two meetings.
 The Swedish delegation believes that protecting and making laws is not enough for children
affected by this conflict. Therefore, Sweden opened its arms very wide to the refugees,
especially children who had lost their homeland. Last year, about 160 children who no
longer have parents migrated to Sweden. This is also one of the policies we are
implementing.

Then are all these things enough? Unfortunately no. Therefore the Swedish delegation
will give the following resolutions by focusing on three main areas. First, protecting children
and enforcing their rights. Second, the successful reintegration of former child soldiers. Third,
the peace process as an entry point to protect children.

1. Strengthen the link between child protection, children's rights, and conflict
prevention;

2. integrate child protection and rights in the peace process;

3. empowering young people to become actors of peace;

4. support governments and regional and sub-regional organizations in developing

child protection capacity.

If there is a violation of the laws that have been regulated, it must be considered once for
the perpetrator to receive the same sentence with different repetition capacities. The Swedish
delegation also believed that the violators could not be dealt with directly. Offenders must be
brought before an international trial. this is done for the sake of upholding human rights that
are still in force. Do not let our efforts to uphold human rights by ourselves be smeared.
However, this also depends on the circumstances at the scene or the violation took place. The
sanction regime must be implemented in order to create justice for all children affected by this
armed conflict. Perhaps, we can change a little about our assertiveness to offense. Because
conflicts tend to always change and become more brutal, the legal level for maintaining peace
must also be tightened and the law sharpened.

In the Conclusion , The Swedish Delegation believes that crimes against children from
armed conflict or anything else are simply intolerable and must be acted on in order to
maintain world peace. Of course we don't want in the future, the children we should have
been able to save to take up arms and turn into our enemies who will endanger this world.
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