Anh 12 Giai Đo N 1 Hs

© 2021 HỆ THỐNG GD ANHXTANH
TIẾNG ANH 12
GIAI ĐOẠN 1
NĂM HỌC 2021 -2022
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BÀI TẬP TỪ VỰNG
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UNIT 6. ENDANGERED SPECIES

Các loài động vật có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng
Cần nhớ
1. biodiversity /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/(n):
2. conservation /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/ (n):
+ conservation status /ˈsteɪtəs/:
3. endangered species /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd ˈspiːʃiːz/:
4. evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃn/ (n):
5. extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ (a):
+ extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ (n):
6. habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ (n):
7. poach /pəʊtʃ/ (v):
8. rhino/ rhinoceros /raɪˈnɒsərəs/ (n):
9. sea turtle /siː ˈtɜːtl/ (n):
10. survive /səˈvaɪv/ (v):
+ survival /səˈvaɪvl/ (n):
11. trade /treɪd/ (n):
12. vulnerable /ˈvʌlnərəbl/ (a):
I. PHONETICS
Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the
other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. endangered B. gorilla C. global D. dragon
2. A. change B. poaching C. chemical D. achievement
3. A. horn B. vehicle C. hippo D. habitat
4. A. species B. nest C. special D. helpful
5. A. snorkelling B. sensitive C. diversity D. reserve
Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the
position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
6. A. visit B. extinct C. survive D. evolve
7. A. dangerous B. survivor C. habitat D. vulnerable
8. A. convenient B. endanger C. critical D. tradition
9. A. pollution B. collision C. protection D. valuable
10. A. migrate B. giant C. panda D. rhino
II. VOCABULARY
Exercise I. Mark the letter A, B, C, D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
1. Many people think the money spent on protecting _________ species should be used for
improving the lives of the local people.
A. endangered B. danger C. dangerous D. endanger
2. Animals classified as CR on the conservation status scale are in danger of _________.
A. extinct B. extinction C. extincted D. extinctive
3. _____ is destroying larger areas of tropical rainforests.
A. Afforestation B. Deforestation C. Reforestation D. Forestry
4. The tiger is_____ of extinction. It is difficult to find them in the wild.
A. on the wing B. on the rocks C. on the verge D. on the ground
5. You will not find kangaroos anywhere else on _____ but in Australia.
A. soil B. ground C. earth D. world
6. Old people and children are particularly _________ to lung diseases in the cold weather.
A. vulnerable B. voluntarily C. voluntarism D. voluntariness
7. Elephants are usually _________ for their tusks, while rhinos are killed for their horns.
A. to poach B. poaching C. being poached D. poached
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8. Overexploitation for food, pets, and medicine, pollution, and disease are recognized _____ a serious
threat _____ extinction.
A. as/ of B. to/ for C. over/ with D. upon/ at
10. Thanks to modern technology, scientists have been able to _____ the life of plants and animals that
live under the sea.
A. provide B. divide C. investigate D. overcome
11. Thousands of acres of forest are being cut down every year and the _____ of many animals are
being destroyed.
A. natural resources B. natural habitats C. ways of life D. living surroundings
12. The climate may become wetter or drier. It may become warmer or cooler. If the animals cannot
change or _____ to the new climate, they will die.
A. adapt B. adopt C. evolve D. resolve
13. This river used to have the greatest _________ of freshwater fish in the country, but now very few
species are found here.
A. diverse B. diversity C. diversification D. diversified
14. Endangered species not only need species measures but also extra protection in order to _____ .
A. survival B. survive C. surviving D. survived
15. The new _________ theory has combined Darwin's theory of natural selection with genetic factors
to explain how evolution occurs.
A. evolutionary B. evolution C. evolve D. evolved
Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. All types of dinosaurs went extinct a long time ago.
A. thrived B. boomed C. survived D. died out
2. We need to prepare for our biology assignment about endangered plant species.
A. harmless B. dangerous C. likely to go extinct D. harmful
3. These animals are quite vulnerable when living near the industrial zone.
A. calm B. easily hurt C. safe D. relaxed
4. Every year, in Africa a lot of elephants are poached for tusks.
A. illegally hunted B. gently cooked C. boiled D. stewed
5. More complex animals gradually evolved from these very simple creatures.
A. resolved B. involved C. revolted D. developed
6. Many species are threatened in the wild due to habitat destruction by man.
A. usual behaviour B. favourite activity C. place of living D. rituals
7. These animals are now on the verge of extinction.
A. natural tendency B. no longer existing C. thriving D. developing
8. This forest contains many rare species of plants.
A. in small numbers B. real C. half-cock D. not done properly
9. Many birds didn't survive the severe winter.
A. have enough food B. surprise C. get over D. continue to live
10. The main threat to the survival of these creatures comes from their loss of habitat.
A. service B. surprise C. continuing to exist D. no longer existing
11. Darwin's theory of evolution incorporates the principle of natural selection.
A. radical revolution B. gradual development
C. radical resolution D. practical involvement
12. Environmentalists try to persuade the governments to see the need to preserve biological diversity.
A. variety B. direction C. similarity D. closeness
13. Through the years they have made significant contributions to species conservation.
A. protest B. protection C. production D. induction
14. There are several reasons why we should protect endangered species.
A. argue against B. disapprove C. guard from harm D. make known
15. We need to take action to help preserve fish stocks.
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A. serve B. prepare C. reserve D. conserve

16. At the moment it is difficult to assess the extent of the damage that his company has caused to the
environment.
A. loss B. useful benefits C. advantage D. nuances
17. The rainforest is being systematically destroyed.
A. developed B. exploited C. expanded D. devastated
18. A number of mammal species roamed widely around the northern hemisphere.
A. wandered B. roared C. explored D. discovered
19. Komodo dragons are fierce hunters and can eat very large prey.
A. sharp B. aggressive C. friendly D. cooperative
20. What was fascinating to me was the way the creatures moved.
A. extremely fast B. completely boring
C. extremely interesting D. completely motivating
21. Environmentalists dedicate a lot of their time to running campaigns to raise people's awareness
about protecting endangered species.
A. eliminate B. save C. waste D. devote
22. Malaysia local authorities have made efforts to restore the population of sea turtles.
A. pay back B. realize C. relax D. give back
23. Many wildlife reserves have been set up in this country.
A. money reserves B. booking reservations
C. protected areas D. emergency fund
24. Turtle enclosures save baby turtles from natural predators like birds, crabs, and lizards.
A. survivors B. hunters C. savers D. protectors
25. Dinosaurs were unable to survive severe ice age weather conditions.
A. harsh B. separate C. safe D. serious
26. We should have better law enforcement to stop poaching.
A. implementation B. enlightenment C. encouragement D. endorsement
27. Money spent on protecting endangered species should be used for improving the lives of the local
people.
A. improvising B. enhancing C. implementing D. enacting
28. Today, the elephants' population is declining.
A. remaining stable B. going up C. decreasing D. developing
29. Fish are still abundant in that lake.
A. scarce B. available C. decreasing D. plentiful
30. Elephants play an important role in maintaining biodiversity.
A. retaining B. stopping C. pausing D. ending
31. Elephants break up thorny bushes to create grasslands for other animals to inhabit.
A. come in B. live in C. like D. prefer
32. Elephants droppings are vital to the environment.
A. controversial B. trivial C. essential D. optional
Exercise 3. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
1. The fire will go out unless we put some more wood on.
A. go off B. go in C. stop burning D. continue burning
2. Let's clear up this rubbish and put it in the bin.
A. mess up B . clear away C. tidy D. clear off
3. The environmental pollution level in this area has built up a lot over recent years.
A. increased B. decreased C. blocked D. concentrated
4. All visitors are kept out of the conservation area.
A. prevented from entering B. prevented from destroying
C. allowed to enter D. allowed to take photos
5. It is predicted that the natural resources will run out by the end of the century.
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A. come in B. run short C. run away D. remain intact

6. It is urgent that these governments work out a solution to the problem that they are all facing.
A. keep secret B. find C. share D. arrive at
7. In order to protect endangered species, it is important that all people join in.
A. participate B. leave C. take part D. enjoy
8. Many people decided to give up eating meat and become vegetarians.
A. cut up B. put up C. continue D. use up
III. READING
Exercise 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word
that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Alligators have always been the most dangerous predators of the Florida Everglades, (1) ____ their
long-held position is now being challenged by a growing population of Burmese pythons.
The Burmese python, a giant snake measuring up to 20 feet long and weighing up to 200 pounds, is
very (2) ____ among exotic pet owners. However, as the deadly snakes grow, they become more
difficult to cage and handle. To avoid dealing with the snakes, the owners irresponsibly release them
into the wild. Since the Everglades is quite similar to the python's native environment of Southeast
Asia, they survive and (3) ____ without difficulty.
The issue with the Burmese pythons is their choice of meals. They eat alligators and endangered birds,
(4) ____ creates strain on an already fragile ecosystem. Recently a 13-foot long Burmese python was
found with a 5-foot alligator bursting from its stomach. The python died trying to eat the alligator but a
larger one would have easily won the struggle. With over 30,000 Burmese pythons now living (4)
____ the Everglades, a solution to stop this invasive species is necessary. If the pythons are left
unchecked, there is a strong possibility they will wipe out a variety of species necessary for the
functioning of the Everglades ecosystem.
106. A. but B. so C. because D. since
109. A. popular B. famous C. typical D. scarce
112. A. prospect B. protect C. prosper D. protest
114. A. who B. whom C. when D. which
116. A. over B. under C. in D. on
Exercise 2. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
The Sahara Desert is the world's largest hot desert. The Sahara is in North Africa and is as large as the
United States. Many people think that an area like this has no animals or plant life, but they are
incorrect. In fact, the Sahara Desert has many different 'ecoregions’. Each ecoregion has different
plants and animals living there. The biggest ecoregion is called the 'Sahara Desert ecoregion.' In this
area, the climate is extremely dry and extremely hot. The landscape is sandy and dusty with many high
dunes. Because the Sahara Desert ecoregion is so hot and dry, there are very few plants and animals.
Scientists estimate that there are only 500 species of plants. This is not very much when thinking of
how enormous the region is. These plants include acacia trees, palms, spiny shrubs, and grasses. The
Sahara is also home to 70 species of mammals. Twenty of these are large mammals. There are about
90 species of birds and around 100 reptiles.
The biggest threat to plants and animals in this environment is drying up. Because of this, plants have
the ability to recover their health after their leaves have dried out completely. Animals can lose 30-
60% of their body mass and still survive. Most animals do not get their water from drinking like other
ecosystems. Instead, they have adapted to get their water through metabolic processes. This is why
they can survive in a place like the Sahara Desert ecosystem.
1. What is the text mostly about?
A. Location of the Sahara Desert. B. Hot weather of the Sahara Desert.
C. How animals survive on this Desert. D. The Sahara Desert and its ecosystem.
2. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The Sahara Desert has no animals or plants. B. It is the second largest desert.
C. It is in North Africa. D. It is in the United States.
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3. In paragraph 1, the word they refers to ____.

A. people B. plants C. animals D. ecoregions
4. In paragraph 2, the word estimate is closest in meaning to ____.
A. confirm B. calculate C. formulate D. participate
5. All of the following are true about the Sahara Desert EXCEPT ____.
A. there are about five hundred types of plants B. seventy species of mammals can be found there
C. it is home to about ninety species of birds D. Fewer than 100 reptiles are found there
Amphibians are an animal group that includes frogs, toads, salamanders, and newts. These animals live
in and out of the water. The number of amphibians on our planet is declining rapidly in both local mass
extinctions and population crashes. This is a cause for concern as many scientists believe that humans
are responsible.
Since the 1980s, scientists have noticed a decline in amphibian populations. Although many animals
are affected by humans, amphibians have been hit particularly hard. Some scientists believe this is
because of their two-stage life cycle. Unlike most animals, amphibians live their lives in two distinct
stages. The first is aquatic and the second is terrestrial. This means amphibians are sensitive to
environmental changes in the water and on land. They also have permeable skin, which means that
toxins and chemicals can easily get into their bodies.
At first, some scientists did not believe that human pollution was the cause for changes in amphibian
populations. These scientists believed that every species on Earth goes through natural cycles and
changes and that there was not enough long-term data to prove that humans were the problem. In
recent years, this has changed. Almost all biologists are concerned about the decline in amphibian
populations. They are worried not only because many amphibians may go extinct, but also because
these extinctions
will affect other plants and animals in ecosystems. They believe that the decline in amphibian
populations is a warning to humans to stop polluting and clean up Earth.
1. Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
A. Endangered reptiles B. Endangered amphibians
C. Amphibian life cycle D. Amphibians and reptiles
2. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. The number of amphibians is decreasing rapidly.
B. The number of amphibians is increasing.
C. The number of amphibians is going up.
D. The number of amphibians staying constant.
3. In paragraph 2, the word noticed is closest in meaning to ____.
A. studied B. analysed C. become aware of D. started to work on
4. In paragraph 2, the word they refers to ____.
A. scientists B. humans C. animals D. amphibians
5. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about amphibians?
A. First they live on land, then in the water. B. First they live in the water, then on
land.
C. They mainly live in water. D. They mainly live on land.
6. In paragraph 2, the word toxins is closest in meaning to ____.
A. poisonous substances B. tonic substances C. essential minerals D. essential
vitamins
7. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Amphibians contribute greatly to biodiversity.
B. All amphibians will go extinct in the near future.
C. A clean environment may help to protect amphibians from extinction.
D. Protecting amphibians is the responsibility of all people on Earth.
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Unit 7. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Cần nhớ
1.activate /ˈæktɪveɪt/ (v):
2. algorithm /ˈælɡərɪðəm/ (n):
3. artificial intelligence /ˌɑːtɪfɪʃl ɪnˈtelɪɡəns/(n.phr):
4. automated /ˈɔːtəmeɪtɪd/ (a):
5. call for /kɔːl fɔː(r)/ (v):
6. cyber-attack /ˈsaɪbərətæk/ (n):
7. exterminate /ɪkˈstɜːmɪneɪt/ (v):
8. faraway /ˈfɑːrəweɪ/ (a):
9. hacker /ˈhækə(r)/ (n):
10. implant /ɪmˈplɑːnt/ (v):
11. incredible /ɪnˈkredəbl/ (a):
12. intervention /ˌɪntəˈvenʃn/ (n):
13. malfunction /ˌmælˈfʌŋkʃn/ (n):
14. navigation /ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃn/ (n):
15. overpopulation /ˌəʊvəˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/(n):
16. resurrect /ˌrezəˈrekt/ (v):
17. unbelievable /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl/ (a):
Part I. PHONETICS
Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the
other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. application B. combustion C. navigation D.
recognition
2. A. computer B. communication C. command D.
complicated
3. A. advanced B. automated C. constructed D. reunited
4. A. arrangement B. application C. activate D. assistance
5. A. potential B. production C. promotion D.
psychology
Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the
position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
6. A. machine B. robot C. human D. fiction
7. A. applicable B. automation C. artificial D. evolution
8. A. algorithm B. exterminate C. intelligence D.
technology
9. A. capable B. robotic C. industry D. futurist
10. A. assembly B. interfere C. reunite D. resurrect
Part II. VOCABULARY
Exercise 3. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
11. High intelligent machines can be automated to operate without human ____.
A. intervene B. intervening C. intervention D. interventionist
12. The old astronomer patiently made his ____ and wrote down what he saw.
A. observation B. observatory C. observe D. observer
13. One of the popular ____ used in smartphones at present is voice recognition.
A. applicant B. applicable C. applications D. apply
14. If there are aliens out there, do you think they are much more ____ advanced than we are?
A. technological B. technologically C. technology D. technologies
15. ____ have announced that a major breakthrough has been made.
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A. Research B. Researchers C. Researches D. Researching

16. I wish you would ____ the TV and go outside and get some exercise.
A. call off B. give off C. put off D. turn off
17. Scientists are trying to ____ out the ways to reduce pollution from aircraft.
A. break B. call C. turn D. work
18. I'll ____ you ____ you to our research department. Please hold on.
A. put - away B. put - out C. put - through D. put - up
19. No wonder the vacuum cleaner isn't working. You haven't ____ it ____.
A. brought - in B. given - in C.plugged - in D. pulled - in
20. Whoever ____ up with that idea should have won the Nobel Prize.
A. came B. caught C. kept D. put
21. Ten million text messages are sent on ____ every minute.
A. account B. average C. common D. general
22. Astronomers have ____ a new planet outside our galaxy.
A. invented B. unearthed C. developed D. discovered
23. ____ is a type of book or film showing space travel of life on other planets, based on imagined
scientific discoveries of the future.
A. Epic B. Fiction C. Non-fiction D. Science fiction
24. Unluckily, David's dangerous and incredible journey in search of the Blue Fairy is in ____.
A. advance B. danger C. end D. vain
25. Most scientists believe that the day when robots become part of our lives will come ____.
A. from time to time B. more or less C. sooner or later D. later than never
26. Do you know who ____ the fact that sound travels in waves?
A. developed B. discovered C. found D. invented
27. I'm thinking of getting a fax ____.
A. engine B. instrument C. machine D. motor
28. The ____ of the outbreak of the disease is still unknown.
A. aim B. cause C. motive D. reason
29. GPS systems help a lot of people ____ on land, on the sea, and in the air.
A. inform B . interfere C. navigate D. reunite
30. After the power failure last night, the washing machine started to ____, so I had to wash the clothes
by hands.
A. make noise B. malfunction C. operate D. work
31. FM is a method of ____ signals, especially in radio broadcasting.
A. transacting B. transferring C. transmitting D. translating
32. UFO is an acronym for ____ Flying Object.
A. Unidentified B. Unimaginative C. Unknown D. Unique
33. The biggest fear is that humans might ____ control over robots
A. gain B. keep C. lose D. take
34. Researchers have ____ to the conclusion that your personality is affected by your genes.
A. arrived B. come C. got D. reached
35. The telescope will photograph distant galaxies, ____ attempt to understand their past.
A. in B. for C. on D. with
36. It is likely that artificial intelligence might decide to ____ an end to humanity simply because it
surpasses human intelligence.
A. come B. make C. put D. take
37. A.I. robots are ____ of having human emotions.
A. able B. capable C. efficient D. fond
38. I don't think people should be allowed to ____ experiments on animals.
A. create B. make C. perform D. produce
39. Many materials have been used for ____ teeth, including wood.
A. artificial B. false C. hand-made D. natural
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40. Once they've finished the extension to the ____, there'll be room for them to take on a lot more
workers.
A. factory B. industry C. manufacturing D. trade
Exercise 4. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
41. Internet search engines can help to predict the weather as well as traffic jams in a city.
A. announce B. expect C. forecast D. reveal
42. Ray Kurzweil suggests that exponential technological development will lead to the inevitable rise
of artificial intelligence.
A. inapplicable B. unavoidable C. unrecognizable D. invisible
43. Advanced technologies may make humanity insignificant both in life and work.
A. Future B. Radical C. Sophisticated D. Unconventional
44. A.I. techniques help medical doctors to discover subtle interactions between medications that put
patience in jeopardy because of their serious side effect.
A. at risk B. in reality C. under control D. under pressure
45. A.I. algorithms can also help to detect faces and other features in photo sent to social networking
sites and automatically organize them.
A. categorize B. connect C. recognize D. remind
Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
46. The critical issue is whether genuine artificial intelligence can ever be truly realized.
A. authentic B. fake C. unpretentious D. true
47. Smart robots have replaced humans in stressful and hazardous jobs and in assembly lines.
A. dangerous B. risky C. safe D. perilous
48. Professor Stephen Hawking thinks the primitive forms of A.I. which have been developed so far
have already proved very useful.
A. basic B. modern C. original D. recent
49. Kurzweil believes that there could be tiny robots called nanobots implanted into our brains to
improve our memory.
A. inserted in B. fixed in C. removed from D. replaced with
50. Do you really think humans will be exterminated when more and more intelligent machines are
invented in the future?
A. killed B. restored C. resurrected D. wiped out
SCIENCE FLYING IN THE FACE OF GRAVITY
It looked just like another aircraft from the outside. The pilot told his young passengers that it
was built in 1964, a Boeing KC-135 refuelling tanker, based on the 707. But appearances were
deceptive, and the 13 students from Europe and the USA who boarded the aircraft were in for the flight
of their lives.
Inside, the area that normally had seats had become a long white tunnel. Heavily padded from floor to
ceiling; it looked a bit like a lunatic asylum. There were almost no windows, but lights along the
padded walls eerily illuminated it. Most of the seats had been taken out apart from a few at the back,
where the young scientists quickly took their places with a look of apprehension.
From 12 months, science students from across the continents had competed to win a place on the flight
at the invitation of the European Space Agency. The challenge had been to suggest imaginative
experiments to be conducted in weightless conditions. For the next two hours the Boeing's flight
resembled that of an enormous bird which had lost its reason, shooting upwards towards the heavens
before hurting towards Earth. The intention was to achieve weightlessness for a few seconds.
The aircraft took off smoothly enough, but any feelings that I and the young scientists had that we
were on anything like a scheduled passenger service were quickly dismissed when the pilot put the
plane into a 45-degree climb which lasted around 20 seconds. Then the engine cut out and we became
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weightless. Everything became confused, and left or right, up or down no longer had any meaning.
After 10 seconds of free-fall descent, the pilot pulled the aircraft out of its nosedive. The return of
gravity was less immediate than its loss, but was still sudden enough to ensure that some students came
down with a bump.
After two hours of going up and down in the plane doing experiments, the predominant feeling was
one of exhilaration rather than nausea. Most of the students thought it was an unforgettable experience
and one they would be keen to repeat.
106. What does the writer say about the plane?
A. It had no seats. B. It had no windows.
C. The inside was painted white. D. The outside was misleading
107. What does the word eerily in paragraph 2 mean?
A. badly B. brightly C. clearly D. strangely
108. What did the pilot do with the plane?
A. He climbed and made the plane turn over.
B. He climbed and made the plane fall slowly.
C. He quickly climbed and stopped the engines.
D. He took off normally and then cut the engines for 20 seconds.
109. What does the word it in the last paragraph refer to?
A. the exhilaration B. the opportunity C. the plane D. the trip
110. Why was this passage written?
A. To encourage young people to take up science.
B. To describe the outcome of a scientific competition.
C. To report on a new scientific technique.
D. To show scientists what young people can do.
The word “robot” first appeared in a 1921 stage play by Czech writer Karel Capek. In the play,
a man makes a machine that can think, which he calls a robot and which ends up killing its owner. In
the 1940s, the American science fiction writer, Isaac Asimov, wrote a series of stories about robots and
invented the term 'robotics', the science of robots. Meanwhile, in the real world, the first robots were
developed by an engineer, Joseph F. Engelberger, and an inventor, George C. Devol. Together they
started Unimation, a manufacturing company that produced the first real robot in 1961, called the
Unimate. Robots of this type were installed at a General Motors automobile plant and proved to be a
success. They worked reliably and saved money for General Motors, so other companies were
soon acquiring robots as well.
These industrial robots were nothing like the terrifying creatures that can often be seen in science
fiction films. In fact, these robots looked and behaved nothing like humans. They were simply pieces
of computer-controlled machines, with metal "arms" or "hands". Since they were made of metal, they
could perform certain jobs that were difficult or dangerous for humans, particularly jobs that involve
high heat. And since robots were tireless and never got hungry, sleepy, or distracted, they were useful
for tasks that would be tiring or boring for humans. Industrial robots have been improved over the
years, and today they are used in many factories around the world. Though the use of robots has meant
the loss of some jobs, at the same time other jobs have been created in the design, development, and
production of the robots.
Outside of industry, robots have also been developed and put into use by governments and scientists in
situations where humans might be in danger. For example, they can be sent in to investigate an
unexploded bomb or an accident at a nuclear power plant. Researchers also use robots to collect
samples of hot rocks or gases in active volcanoes. In space exploration, robots have performed many
key tasks where humans could not be present, such as on the surface of Mars. In 2004, two robotic
Rovers, small six-wheeled computerized cars, were sent to Mars.
111. When did the word robot appear?
A. before the 1920s B. in the early 1920s
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C. in the mid-1920s D. in the late 1920s

112. Which of these statements is TRUE about Karel Capek?
A. He is a famous American playwright.
B. He was the first to create the word “robot”.
C. He invented a machine that can think like humans.
D. He made a robot kill a person.
113. What does the word they in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. terrifying creatures B. humans C. science fiction films D. industrial
robots
114. What are industrial robots like?
A. They are computer-controlled machines. B. They are built with metal arms and legs.
C. They behave like humans. D. They can think like humans.
115. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a characteristic of robots?
A. They never need food to survive. B. They can survive without any sleep.
C. They are tired like humans. D. They can do jobs involving intense
heat.
116. What can be inferred from the passage about robots?
A. Their appearance negatively affects the job market.
B. They can stop active volcanoes from erupting.
C. They help humans travel to the outer space.
D. They take away some jobs but offer some in return.
117. Which of the following best paraphrases the sentence in bold in the first paragraph?
A. Because they were reliable and economical to General Motors, other companies started to
use robots.
B. Other companies started to produce reliable and efficient robots for General Motors.
C. Every other company made use of robots because they were time-consuming and safe.
D. Robots worked well for General Motors, but caused certain trouble to others.
118. What is the author's attitude towards robots in this passage?
A. He appreciates them. B. He dislikes them.
C. He thinks they are a nuisance. D. He is crazy about them.
word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
MODERN SCIENCE
It seems entirely (119) ____ to us that there are teams of scientists in universities and (120)
____ institutions around the world, attempting to (121) ____ the way the world works. However, it
hasn't always been that (122) ____. Although the scientific method is now four or five hundred years
old, the ancient Greeks, for example, believed that they could work out the (123) ____ of natural
events just by the power of thought.
During the 17th century, more and more people began to realize that they could (124) ____ their
scientific ideas by designing a relevant (125) ____ and seeing what happened. A lot of (126) ____ was
made in this way by individual scientists. These men and women often worked alone, carrying out
(127) ____ into many different areas of science, and they often received very little (128) ____ for their
hard work. (129) ____ the start of the 20th century, though, it became (130) ____ that science was
becoming more complicated and more expensive. This individual scientist disappeared, to be replaced
by highly qualified teams of experts. Modern science was born.
119. A. natural B. physical C. unreal D. typical
120. A. another B. every C. other D. whole
121. A. construct B. create C. discover D. invent
122. A. method B. route C. technique D. way
123. A. aims B. causes C. purposes D. reasons
124. A. calculate B. collect C. measure D. test
125. A. analysis B. attempt C. experiment D. event
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126. A. development B. evolution C. movement D. progress

127. A. discovery B. education C. experiment D. research
128. A. present B. gift C. prize D. reward
129. A. At B. In C. On D. For
130. A. accurate B. actual C. clear D. true
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BÀI TẬP NGỮ PHÁP
14
CHƯƠNG 5: MỆNH ĐỀ TRANG NGỮ

PHẦN 1: MỆNH ĐỀ NHƯỢNG BỘ - MỆNH ĐỀ NGUYÊN NHÂN
***
I. MỆNH ĐỀ NHƯỢNG BỘ
1. MĐNB với although: Although + S + V + O, S + V + O.
(Although = Though = Even though = Much as)
2. MĐNB với Despite/ In spite of: Despite/ In spite of + N/Ving, S+ V + O
(Despite = In spite of = Regardless of = Much to = In the face of = In the teeth of = As opposed
to = Contrary to = In/by contrast to)
3. MĐNB với However: However adj/adv S + V, S + V.
However + S + V, S + V.
S, however, V…, S + V
S + V, S + V however.
However = Notwithstanding (notwithstanding có thể đứng ở giữa câu hoặc cuối câu)
Notwithstanding + N, S + V
Notwithstanding + S + V, S + V
4. MĐNB với Nevertheless: S+ V + O, Nevertherless + S + V + O
(Nevertheless = be that as it may = even now = even then = even so)
Lưu ý: Nevertheless và cụm từ đồng nghĩa trên không đứng đầu câu.
II. MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ NGUYÊN NHÂN:
1. Because = As = Since (Bởi vì) + S + V + O, S + V + O
2. Now that = In that = Seeing that (Vì rằng) + S + V + O, S+ V + O
3. Because of = Due to = On account of (vì) + N/Ving, S+ V + O
4. For (Vì) (đứng giữa câu) : S + V + O for S + V + O
BÀI TẬP MỆNH ĐỀ NHƯỢNG BỘ

Ví dụ:
Exercise 1: Use one of the following words to fill in the blanks
although even though despite in spite of
1. ________________ the bad weather
2. ________________ the weather is bad
3. ________________ she is poor
4. ________________ her poverty
5. ________________ the difficult exam
6. ________________ their difficulties
7. ________________ his life was happy
8. ________________ her unhappy life
9. ________________ I believe her
10. ________________ my belief in her
Ex2: Rewrite the following sentences:

1. Jessica studied very hard. Jessica didn’t get a high mark.
→ No matter________________________________________________
2. In spite of the expensive cost , my friend decided to buy that dress.
→ Even though______________________________________________
3. Although it snows heavily, his house is very warm.
→ Despite__________________________________________________
4. In spite of his 40 years, he still looks very young.
→ Even though______________________________________________
15
5. She is going on a diet but she can’t lose any weight.

→However_________________________________________________
Exercise 3: Choose the best answer
1. I could not eat _______ I was very hungry.
A. even though B. in spite C. despite D. despite of
2. ________ he wasn’t feeling very well, David was determined to take part in the inter-university athletics
meet.
A. Although B. Despite C. In spite of D. yet
3. ________ the Internet is very popular, many older people do not know how to use it.
A. Although B. In spite of C. Even though D. A & C
4. In spite _______, the baseball game was not cancelled.
A. the rain B. of the rain C. it was raining D. there was a rain
5. _______ having the best qualifications among all the applicants, Justin was not offered the job.
A. Although B. While C. In spite of D. Despite of
6. The children slept well despite _______.
A. it was noise B. the noise C. of the noise D. noisy
7. ________ what Megan prepared for the job interview, she didn’t pass it.
A. Despite of B. In spite of C. Though D. However
8. _______ he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. Despite D. Although
9. _______ they are brothers, they do not look alike.
A. Although B. Even C. Despite D. In spite of
10. We understood him __________ he spoke very fast.
A. because of B. though C. in spite of D. despite
11. Bruce was not praised_________ he was a hard worker.
A. despite B. in spite of C. although D. no matter how
12. It looks like they are going to succeed_________ their present difficulties.
A. despite B. although C. in spite D. even though
13. Mary usually goes to parties. She likes meeting people and crowded places ________she is rather shy.
A. In spite of B. Even though C. On the contrary D. In other words
14. Ann: Have you decided to get the job?
Terry: Yes, I’ve just decided. I’ll accept that job_________ it is not suitable with my major. It is not an
interesting job, ________ the salary is very good.
A. although / but B. despite / and C. but / though D. yet / however
15. ________, he has continued to work on his thesis.
A. Although all these problems B. Even though there are problems
C. Despite of all these problems D. In spite of there are problems
16. In spite of ____________, he was determined to finish his work.
A. was seriously ill. B. be seriously ill C. his serious illness D. he was seriously ill
17. _______ some German and British management styles are similar, there are many differences between them.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. although D. Despite
18. _______ her lack of hard work, she was promoted.
A. In spite B. Even though C. In spite of D. Despite of
19. _______ of the difficulty, they managed to climb to the top of the mountain.
A. In spite B. Despite C. But D. Although
20. _______, he could not finish the job.
A. As hard as he work B. Despite he worked hard
C. Though he worked hard D. Although hard work
21. He went to work ________ his headache.
A. despite B. although C. because D. because of
22. Despite the fact that _______, we enjoyed our trip.
A. the weather is bad B. it is a bad weather C. the bad weather D. the weather was bad
23. _______ rain or snow, there are always more than fifty thousand fans at the football games.
A. Despite B. Although C. Despite of D. Although
24. _______ all my warnings, he tried to fix the computer himself.
A. Because B. Because of C. Although D. In spite of
25. Hans finished school ________ his leg injury.
16
A. because of B. despite C. though D. because

26. Nowadays, the divorce rate is higher than it used to be ________ young people are allowed to decide on
their marriage.
A. despite B. but C. even though D. in spite of
27. __________ his physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman.
A. Because of B. Because C. Though D. Despite
28. Despite _______, we arrived on time.
A. the traffic B. of the traffic
C. there was heavy traffic D. of there was heavy traffic
29. Though _______, they are good friends.
A. their sometimes quarrel B. to have a quarrel sometimes
C. they sometimes have a quarrel D. of having a quarrel sometimes
30. Tom went to work despite _______.
A. that he did not feel very well B. of the fact not feeling well
C. he did not feel very well D. not feeling very well
31. _______, he walked to the station.
A. Despite being tired B. In spite being tired C. Despite tired D. Although to be tired
32. Although the sun was shining, __________.
A. it wasn’t very hot B. it was very hot C. yet it was very hot D. but it was very hot
Luyện tập
Ex4: Choose the best answer:
1. ________ having the best qualifications among all the applicants, Justin was not offered the job.
A. Although B. While C. In spite of D. Despite of
2. ________ the internet is very popular, many older people do not know how to use it.
A. However B. Nevertheless C. Even though D. Despite
3. _________ he wasn’t feeling very well, David was determined to take part in the inter-university
athletics meet.
A. Although B. While C. Where as D. yet
4. __________ what Megan prepared for the job interview, she didn’t pass it.
A. Despite of B. In spite of C. Though D. However
5. Bruce was not praised_________ he was a hard worker.
A. despite B. in spite of C. although D. no matter how
6. It looks like they are going to succeed_________ their present difficulties.
A. despite B. although C. in spite D. even though
7. Mary usually goes to parties. She likes meeting people and crowded places ________she is rather
shy.
A. In spite of B. Even though C. On the contrary D. In other words
8. Ann: Have you decided to get the job?
Terry: Yes, I’ve just decided. I’ll accept that job_________ it is not suitable with my major. It is not
an interesting job, ________ the salary is very good.
A. although / but B. despite / and C. but / though D. yet / however
9. ________, he has continued to work on his thesis.
A. Although all these problems B. Even though there are problems
C. Despite of all these problems D. In spite of there are problems
10. In spite of ____________, he was determined to finish his work.
A. was seriously ill. B. be seriously ill C. his serious illness D. he was seriously ill
11. _______ some German and British management styles are similar, there are many differences
between them.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. although D. Despite
12. I could not eat _______ I was very hungry.
A. even though B. in spite C. despite D. despite of
13. In spite _______, the baseball game was not cancelled.
A. the rain B. of the rain B. it was raining D. there was a rain
17
14. _______ he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.

A. In spite B. In spite of C. Despite D. Although
15. _______, he walked to the station.
A. Despite being tired B. Although to be tired
C. In spite being tired D. Despite tired
16. The children slept well despite _______.
A. it was noise B. the noise C. of the noise D. noisy
17. She left him _______ she still loved him.
A. even if B. even though C. in spite of D. despite
18. _______ her lack of hard work, she was promoted.
A. In spite B. Even though C. In spite of D. Despite of
19. _______ they are brothers, they do not look alike.
A. Although B. Even C. Despite D. In spite of
20. Our new neighbors are quite nice _______ they are sometimes talkative.
A. despite B. in spite of C. though D. as though
21. _______ of the difficulty, they managed to climb to the top of the mountain.
A. In spite B. Despite C. But D. Although
22. _____________, he could not finish the job.
A. As hard as he work B. Despite he worked hard
C. Though he worked hard D. Although hard work
23. He went to work _____________ his headache.
A. despite B. although C. because D. because of
24. Despite the fact that _______, we enjoyed our trip.
A. the weather is bad B. it is a bad weather
C. the bad weather D. the weather was bad
25. Julie failed the exam _______ of working very hard.
A. despite B. in spite C. even if D. though
26. Tom went to work despite _______.
A. that he did not feel very well B. of the fact not feeling well
C. he did not feel very well D. not feeling very well
27. Though _______, they are good friends.
A. their sometimes quarrel B. to have a quarrel sometimes
C. they sometimes have a quarrel D. of having a quarrel sometimes
28. Despite _______, we arrived on time.
A. the traffic B. of the traffic
C. there was heavy traffic D. of there was heavy traffic
29. ___________it was very cold, she did not put on her coat.
A. In case B. But C. Even if D. Although
30. __________ rain or snow, there are always more than fifty thousand fans at the football games.
A. Despite B. Although C. Despite of D. Although
31. __________it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.
A. If B. Since C. Although D. Because
32. We understood him __________ he spoke very fast.
A. because of B. though C. in spite of D. despite
33. _________ all my warnings, he tried to fix the computer himself.
34. Hans finished school __________ his leg injury.
A. because of B. despite C. though D. because
35. I try to do my homework ___________ the noise
A. because of B. although C. despite of D. in spite of
36. ___________ it rained heavily, we enjoyed our holiday.
A. Because of B. Because C. Despite D. Though
18
37. ___________ having little money, they are happy.

A. Despite B. Because of C. Although D. Because
38. ____________ she was not well, she still went to work.
39. We are going to have a picnic _____________ the bad weather.
A. because B. despite C. although D. because of
40. __________ his physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman.
A. Because of B. Because C. Though D. Despite
41. Although the sun was shining, __________.
A. it wasn’t very hot B. it was very hot C. yet it was very hot D. but it was very hot
42. Nowadays, the divorce rate is higher than it used to be________ young people are allowed to
decide on their marriage.
A. despite B. but C. even though D. in spite of
43. _________ his poor health, Mr. Brown still works hard to support his family.
A. Despite of B. Despite C. Although D. Because of
44. I gave up the job ________ the attractive salary.
A. because B. because of C. although D. despite
45. _________ my father is old, he still goes jogging.
A. Although B. Because C. So that D. Despite
Ex5:
Ex5: Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting.
1. In spite of the quantity was small, we had enough supplies to finish the experiment.
A B C D
2. Although the time of the year, yesterday’s temperature was hot enough to turn on the air
A B C D
conditioning.
3. He decided not to get that job in spite of the salary was low.
A B C D
4. Although our grandfather was old but he could help us.
A B C D
5. In spite her severe pain, she tried to walk to the auditorium to attend the lecture.
A B C D
6. He tried to explain, so she refused to listen.
A B C D
7. Though he loves her very much, but he can’t talk to her.
A B C D
8. Despite of growing industrial activity, the majority of the American people continued to make
A B C
their living from farming until the beginning of the twentieth century.
D
9. Polar bears rarely kill people in spite they hunt other animals.
A B C D
10. Even though the extremely bad weather in the mountain, the climbers decided not to cancel
A B C
their climb.
D
Ex6. Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

1. In spite her severe pain, she tried to walk to the auditorium to attend the lecture.
A B C D
2. Despite of growing industrial activity, the majority of the American people continued
A B C
to make their living from farming until the beginning of the twentieth century.
D
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3. Although our grandfather was old but he could help us.

A B C D
4. He tried to explain, so she refused to listen.
A B C D
5. He decided not to get that job in spite of the salary was low.
A B C D
6. Although the bad traffic, I managed to arrive at the meeting on time.
A B C D
7. In spite of my father is old, he still goes to work.
A B C D
8. Though he loves her very much, but he can’t talk to her.
A B C D
9. She always behaves childishly despite she has grown up.
A B C D
10. Although the rise in unemployment, people still seem to be spending more.
A B C D
11. Despite he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job.
A B C D
12. Although the time of the year, yesterday’s temperature was hot enough to turn on the
A B C D
air conditioning.
13. In spite of the quantity was small, we had enough supplies to finish the experiment.
A B C D
14. However she looks very young, she is twice as old as my-twenty-year old sister.
A B C D
15. Despite of his smiling face, the second place contestant is sadder than the winner.
A B C D
16. Gold was one of the first to be discovered despite it is one of the rarest metals.
A B C D
17. Polar bears rarely kill people in spite they hunt other animals.
A B C D
18. Even though the extremely bad weather in the mountain, the climbers decided not to
A B C
cancel their climb.
D
19. Although the harm of smoking, smokers can’t get rid it.
A B C D
Ex6: Choose the sentence which has the closest meaning to the original one.
1. Although she was very old, she looked very grateful.
A. Despite her old age, she looked very grateful.
B. Despite she was very old, she looked very grateful.
C. In spite of very old, she looked very grateful.
D. In spite her being old, she looked very grateful.
2. We stayed in that hotel despite the noise.
A. Despite the hotel is noisy, we stayed there.
B. We stayed in the noisy hotel and we liked it.
C. Because of the noise, we stayed in the hotel.
D. Although the hotel was noisy, we stayed there.
3. Young as he is, he has a big fortune.
A. Although he is young, he has a big fortune.
B. He has a big fortune because he is young.
C. When he is young, he has a big fortune.
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D. He is not only young but also has a big fortune.

4. He was very tired but he kept on working.
A. Despite he was very tired, he kept on working.
B. In spite of he was very tired, he kept on working.
C. Though his tiredness, he kept on working.
D. Although he was very tired, he kept on working.
5. Despite the bad weather, people travel by air.
A. Even though the weather is bad, people travel by air.
B. Because the weather is bad, people travel by air.
C. In spite of people travel by air, the weather is bad.
D. Although the bad weather, people travel by air.
6. Although his leg was hurt, he managed to drive a car.
A. His leg was hurt. However, he managed to drive a car.
B. his leg was hurt. But he managed to drive a car.
C. Despite his hurt leg, he managed to drive a car.
D. In spite of the fact that his hurt leg, he managed to drive a car.
7. Though he drove carefully, he had an accident yesterday.
A. Despite his carelessness, he had an accident yesterday.
B. Despite he drove carefully, he had an accident yesterday.
C. In spite of driving carefully, he had an accident yesterday.
D. In spite of a careful drive, he had an accident yesterday.
8. Cars cause pollution but people still want them.
A. Because cars cause pollution, people want them.
B. Despite the fact that cars cause pollution, people want them.
C. Cars cause pollution although people want them.
D. Cars cause pollution because people still want them.
9. Although it rained heavily, they went on working.
A. In spite of the rain heavily, they went on working.
B. In spite of the raining heavily, they went on working.
C. Despite the heavy rain, they went on working.
D. Though the fact that it rained heavily, they went on working.
10. She was seriously ill but she enjoyed life very much.
A. In spite of her serious illness, she enjoyed life very much.
B. Although she enjoyed life very much, she was seriously ill.
C. She was seriously ill because she enjoyed life very much.
D. Despite seriously ill, she enjoyed life very much.
Ex7. Choose the sentence which has the closest meaning to the original one.
1. We stayed in that hotel despite the noise.
A. Despite the hotel is noisy, we stayed there.
B. We stayed in the noisy hotel and we liked it.
C. Although the hotel was noisy, we stayed there.
D. Because of the noise, we stayed in the hotel.
2. Young as he is, he has a big fortune.
A. Although he is young, he has a big fortune.
B. He has a big fortune because he is young.
C. He is not only young but also has a big fortune.
D. When he is young, he has a big fortune.
3. Despite the bad weather, people travel by air.
A. Even though the weather is bad, people travel by air.
B. Because the weather is bad, people travel by air.
C. In spite of people travel by air, the weather is bad.
D. Although the bad weather, people travel by air.
4. Although his leg was hurt, he managed to drive a car.
A. His leg was hurt. However, he managed to drive a car.
B. his leg was hurt. But he managed to drive a car.
21
C. Despite his hurt leg, he managed to drive a car.

D. In spite of the fact that his hurt leg, he managed to drive a car.
A. Despite he was very tired, he kept on working.
B. In spite of he was very tired, he kept on working.
C. Though his tiredness, he kept on working.
D. Although he was very tired, he kept on working.
6. Although she was very old, she looked very grateful.
A. Despite she was very old, she looked very grateful.
B. Despite her old age, she looked very grateful.
C. In spite of very old, she looked very grateful.
D. In spite her being old, she looked very grateful.
BÀI TẬP MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ NGUYÊN NHÂN
Ex1: Rewrite the following sentences:

1. Because Hoa was rich, she could buy that house.
=> Because of _____________________________.
2. Because the rain was so heavy, I couldn't go to school.
=> Because of _________________________________.
3. His father asked him to go stay at home because he was sick.
=> Because of ______________________________________.
4. Because there was an accident, I was late.
=> Because of _______________________.
5. She failed the University entrance exam because her grades were bad.
=> Because of _____________________________________________.
Ex2: Choose the best answer

1. _______ it was late, we decided to take a taxi home.
A. Because B. Since C. Because of D. Although
2. The flight had to be delayed _______ the bad weather.
A. because B. Because of C. despite D. when
3. We couldn’t reach the house _______ the road was flooded.
A. because B. because of C. if D. though
4. _______ he is tired, he can’t work longer.
A. Because B. Even though C. Although D. Besides
5. _______ it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.
6. _______ you subtract 7 from 12, you will have 5.
A. Because B. If C. Though D. As
7. _______ he has a headache, he has to take an aspirin.
8. _______ he comes to the theater with me, I shall go alone.
A. Because of B. Because C. Unless D. When
9. Take a map with you _______ you lose your way.
A. so B. because C. although D. in case
10. _______ rain or snow, there are always more than fifty thousand fans at the football games.
A. Even though B. Because C. Despite D. Because of
11. _______ his illness, he had to cancel the appointment.
A. However B. Despite C. If D. Because of
12. Minh had a terrible headache. _______, he went to school.
A. However B. But C. Although D. Because
13. Tom has a bike, _______ he always walks to school.
A. but B. because of C. because D. despite
22
14. My sister will take the plane _______ she dislikes flying.
A. because B. so that C. although D. before
15. We decided to leave the party early_______ it was boring.
A. due to B. because C. but D. and
16. The students arrived late _______ the traffic jam.
A. because B. owing to C. despite D. so
17. _______ he missed the first bus, he came ten minutes late.
A. Since B. Although C. However D. Therefore
18. _______ his physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman.
A. In spite of B. Because of C. If D. Although
19. It was difficult to deliver the letter _______ the sender had written the wrong address on the envelope.
A. though B. but C. so D. because
20. _______ it rained heavily, I went to school on time.
21. He didn’t answer the questions correctly _______.
A. although he isn’t intelligent B. because he is intelligent
C. in spite of his intelligence D. despite his intelligent
22. ______, I can’t hear what he is saying.
A. Because of the noise B. Because of the soft music
C. Though the music is noise D. In spite of the noise music
23. _______, I feel very refresh.
A. Because I work very hard B. Although I get up early
C. Because of getting up early D. Despite getting up late
24. They live happily _______.
A. because they have no money B. though they are rich
C. in spite of their poverty D. because of their poor
25. He can’t join in the volunteer campaign _______.
A. although he is busy B. because he hurts his legs
C. in spite of working very hard D. because of registering for it
Ex3: Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D to complete each sentence.

1. he is tired, he can’t work longer.
A. Because B. Even though C. Although D. Besides
2. it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.
3. it was late, we decided to take a taxi home.
A. Because B. Since C. Because of D. Although
4. you subtract 7 from 12, you will have 5.
A. Because B. If C. Though D. As
5. We couldn’t reach the house the road was flooded.
A. because B. because of C. if D. though
6. he has a headache, he has to take an aspirin.
7. The flight had to be delayed the bad weather.
A. because B. Because of C. despite D. when
8. he comes to the theater with me, I shall go alone.
A. Because of B. Because C. Unless D. When
9. Take a map with you you lose your way.
A. so B. because C. although D. in case
10. rain or snow, there are always more than fifty thousand fans at the football
games.
A. Even though B. Because C. Despite D. Because of
11. his illness, he had to cancel the appointment.
A. However B. Despite C. If D. Because of
12. Minh had a terrible headache. , he went to school.
23

13. Tom has a bike, he always walks to school.
A. but B. because of C. because D. despite
14. My sister will take the plane she dislikes flying.
A. because B. so that C. although D. before
15. We decided to leave the party early it was boring.
A. due to B. because C. but D. and
16. The students arrived late the traffic jam.
A. because B. owing to C. despite D. so
17. he missed the first bus, he came ten minutes late.
A. Since B. Although C. However D. Therefore
18. his physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman.
A. In spite of B. Because of C. If D. Although
19. It was difficult to deliver the letter the sender had written the wrong address
on the envelope.
A. though B. but C. so D. because
20. it rained heavily, I went to school on time.
21. He didn’t answer the questions correctly _______.
A. although he isn’t intelligent B. because he is intelligent
C. in spite of his intelligence D. despite his intelligent
22. ______, I can’t hear what he is saying.
A. Because of the noise B. Because of the soft music
C. Though the music is noise D. In spite of the noise music
23. _____, I feel very refresh.
A. Because I work very hard B. Although I get up early
C. Because of getting up early D. Despite getting up late
24. They live happily ______.
A. because they have no money B. though they are rich
C. in spite of their poverty D. because of their poor
25. He can’t join in the volunteer campaign _______.
A. although he is busy B. because he hurts his legs
C. in spite of working very hard D. because of registering for it
26. Though he drove carefully, he had an accident yesterday.
A. Despite his carelessness, he had an accident yesterday.
B. Despite he drove carefully, he had an accident yesterday.
C. In spite of driving carefully, he had an accident yesterday.
D. In spite of a careful drive, he had an accident yesterday.
A. Despite very tired, he kept on working.
B. Though his tiredness, he kept on working.
C. Although he was very tired, but he kept on working.
D. He kept on working although he was very tired.
28. Although it rained heavily, they went on working.
A. In spite of the rain heavily, they went on working.
B. In spite of the raining heavily, they went on working.
C. Despite the heavy rain, they went on working.
D. Though the fact that it rained heavily, they went on working.
29. Cars cause pollution but people still want them.
A. Because cars cause pollution, people want them.
B. Despite the fact that cars cause pollution, people want them.
C. Cars cause pollution although people want them.
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D. Cars cause pollution because people still want them.

30. She was seriously ill but she enjoyed life very much.
A. In spite of her serious illness, she enjoyed life very much.
B. Although she enjoyed life very much, she was seriously ill.
C. She was seriously ill because she enjoyed life very much.
D. Despite seriously ill, she enjoyed life very much.

1.Hundreds of species of Hawaiian flowers have become extinct or rare ___ land development and the
grazing of wild goats.
A. now that B. due to C. because D. for
2. ___ extremely bad weather in the mountains, we’re no longer considering our skiing trip.
A. Due to B. Because C. Since D. Due to the fact that
3. Barbara is motivated to study ___ she knows that a good education can improve her life.
A. because B. because of C. due to D. owing to
4. He could not play in the game ___ his foot injury.
A. because B. due to the fact that C. because of D. for
5. ___ I had nothing for lunch but an apple, I ate dinner early.
A. For B. Since C. Due to D. Because of
6. Mr. Watson retired from his job early ___ his ill health.
A. because B. due to C. as D. for
7. She bought a book ___ she had heard it was good.UH
A. because of B. owing to C. due to D. due to the fact that
8. Josh couldn’t open the door ___ the lock was broken.
9. Let’s ask our teacher how to solve this problem ___ we can’t agree on the answer.
A. Since B. because of C. due to D. owing to
10. ____the need to finish this project soon. I want you to work on this overtime for the next few days.
A. Because B. As C. Because of D. Since
11. I can’t ride my bike ___ there isn’t any air in one of the tires.
12. ___ our apartment building has had two robberies in the last month, I’m going to put an extra lock
on the door and install a telephone in my bedroom.
A. Since B. For C. because of D. owing to
13. I turned on the fan ___ the room was hot.
A. due to B. owing to C. because D. because of
14. We didn’t arrive at the lecture on time ___ the bus was late.
A. owing to B. as C. because of D. due to
15. I wonder who drank all the milk yesterday. It can’t have been Susan ___ she was out all day.
A. because of B. because C. due to D. owing to
16. ___ the old man spoke very slowly and clearly, I could understand him at all.
A. As B. because of C. due to D. owing to
17. I knew they were talking about me ___ they stopped when I entered the room.
A. because B. because of C. owing to D. due to
18. ___ the storm, the ship couldn’t reach its destination on time.
A. Owing to B. As C. Since D. Because
19. ___ his parents’ generosity, all of the children in his family have received the best of anything.
A. Due to the fact that B. Because of C. Because D. Since
20. ___ she has a job, she is able to pay her rent and provide food for her family.
A. Since B. Due to C. Because of D. Owing to
21. We didn’t go to France last summer______ we couldn’t afford to.
A. Owing to B. due to C. because D. because of
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22. ______the flight delay, they didn’t attend the conference.

A. Because B. For C. owing to D. Because of
23. The flight from New York to London was delayed ______ the heavy fog.
A. because of B. because C. since D.due to the fact that
24. Hoa was late _____ her car was broken down.
A. because of B. due to C. because D. owing to
Ex5: Choose the underlined part among A, B, C, or D that needs correcting

1. The plane couldn’t take off because the bad weather.
A B C D
2. John didn’t go to work because of he was seriously ill.
A B C D
3. Peter succeeded in his exam because of he worked hard and methodically.
A B C D
4. My friends advised her to stop doing the housework because her old age.
A B C D
5. Because the invention of machines such as vacuum cleaners, washing machines, women spend
A B
less time doing the housework.
C D
A B C D
7. Rice plants grow well because the climate is warmly and damp.
A B C D
8. He couldn’t drive fast owing to the street was crowded and narrow.
A B C D
9. The train was late because the fog is thick.
A B C D
10. Since the difficult test, I couldn’t finish it on time.
A B C D
Ex6: Choose the underlined part among A, B, C, or D that needs correcting:
1. My friends advised her to stop doing the housework because her old age.
A B C D
2. Because the invention of machines such as vacuum cleaners, washing machines,
A B
women spend less time doing the housework.
C D
3. John didn’t go to work because of he was seriously ill.
A B C D
A B C D
5. Peter succeeded in his exam because of he worked hard and methodically.
A B C D
6. Rice plants grow well because the climate is warmly and damp.
A B C D
7. The plane couldn’t take off because the bad weather.
A B C D
8. He couldn’t drive fast owing to the street was crowded and narrow.
A B C D
9. The train was late because the fog is thick.
A B C D
10. Since the difficult test, I couldn’t finish it on time.
A B C D
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PHẦN 2: MỆNH ĐỀ MỤC ĐÍCH – MỆNH ĐỀ KẾT QUẢ

- MỆNH ĐỀ THỜI GIAN
***
I. MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ MỤC ĐÍCH:
- Nghĩa: Để, để mà
- Cấu trúc:
1. Clause: S - V + so that / in order that + S + can/ could/ will/ would + V-inf
2. Phrase: ✦Khẳng định: S - V + to/ so as to/ in order to + Vinf
S - V + in order for sb to + Vinf
✦Phủ định: S - V + so as not to/ in order not to + Vinf
II. MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ KẾT QUẢ:

1. Mệnh đề chỉ kết quả:
● S - V + SO + adv/ adj + THAT + S – V (quá… đến nỗi….)
● S - V + SUCH + (a/ an) + adj + noun + THAT + S - V(quá …đến nỗi….)
● S - V + SO MANY + N số nhiều đếm được + THAT + S - V
SO MUCH + N ko đếm đc
2. Cụm chỉ kết quả:

● S - V + TOO + adj/ adv + (for some one) + TO V (quá….để ai đó làm gì….)
● S - V + ENOUGH + noun + (for some one) + TO V (đủ để)
Adj/ adv + ENOUGH
III. MỆNH ĐỀ THỜI GIAN:
1. Khi mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian ở thì hiện tại đơn.
- Tương lai đơn + until / when / as soon as + Hiện tại đơn
- Tương lai hoàn thành + by / by the time + Hiện tại đơn
2. Khi mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành.
- Tương lai đơn + after + Hiện tại hoàn thành
3. Khi mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian ở thì quá khứ đơn.
- Quá khứ đơn + when/ until/ before/ after/ as soon as + Quá khứ đơn
- Quá khứ tiếp diễn + when + Quá khứ đơn
- Hiện tại hoàn thành + since + Quá khứ đơn
- Quá khứ hoàn thành + by the time/ before + Quá khứ đơn
4. Khi mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian ở thì quá khứ tiếp diễn.
- Quá khứ tiếp diễn + while + Quá khứ tiếp diễn
- Quá khứ đơn + while + Quá khứ tiếp diễn
5. Khi mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian ở thì quá khứ hoàn thành.
- Quá khứ đơn + after + Quá khứ hoàn thành
BÀI TẬP MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ MỤC ĐÍCH
Ex1: Rewrite the following sentences using the suggestions

1. Peter practices speaking English. He wants to pass the oral test. (so that)
→ _________________________________________________________________________
2. My mother goes to the grocery. She wants to buy some meat. (in order to)
→ _________________________________________________________________________
3. My parents save a lot of money. They intend to buy a new house. (so as to)
→ _________________________________________________________________________
4. Nancy is carrying extra courses every semester. She wants to graduate early. (so that)
→ _________________________________________________________________________
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5. You should get up early so that you will have time to review your lesson. (in order to)
→ _________________________________________________________________________
6. Some young people like to earn their own living in order that they will be independent of their parents. (in
order to)
→ _________________________________________________________________________
7. We should take advantage of the scientific achievements of the world so that we can develop our national
economy. (in order to)
→ _________________________________________________________________________
8. Everybody in the world must unite their efforts to maintain and protect peace. (in order that)
→ _________________________________________________________________________
9. She locked the door so as not to be disturbed. (so that)
→ _________________________________________________________________________
10. He climbed the tree in order to get a better view. (so that)
→ _________________________________________________________________________
Ex2: Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer

1. I listen to music ______ feel relaxed.
A. so as for B. in order for C. as so to D. so as to
2. I am saving money ______ my husband can buy a new car.
A. so as to B. so that C. in order to D. so that for
3. She worked hard ______ everything would be ready by 6 o’clock.
A. that B. for C. in order that D. so as to
4. He telephoned me ______ me to his birthday party.
A. invite B. inviting C. to invite D. for inviting
5. She came quietly ______ not to wake the baby.
A. such as B. so as C. in order to D. so
6. He went early ______ miss the first train.
A. so as not to B. in order to C. in order that D. in order for
7. We learn English ______ we will have better communication with other people.
A. so that B. in order for C. in order to D. in case
8. The school boys are in hurry ______ they will not be late for school.
A. so as to B. to C. in order that D. for
9. I joined that guitar club ______ meet the accomplished guitarists.
10. He goes to England _______.
A. so that he learns English B. so that he may learn English
C. so to learn English D. so he learns English
11. Peter studies hard _______ pass the exam.
A. less B. so that C. to D. in order that
12. A small fish needs camouflage to hide itself _______ its enemies cannot find it.
A. so that B. because C. therefore D. due to
13. We decided to join the English speaking club _______ improve our English.
A. so that B. so to C. in order D. to
14. He gave me his address _______ me to visit.
15. She got up early _______ miss the bus.
A. in order that B. so that C. not to D. for
16. Mr. Thompson is learning Vietnamese _______ to read Kim Van Kieu.
A. so that not B. so as to C. in order not to D. so as not to
17. They hurried _______ catch the train.
A. to not B. as not to C. in order that not D. To
18. She taught me how _______ a bicycle.
A. rode B. riding C. to ride D. ride
19. _______ a good student, you need to be hard-working.
A. To get B. To become C. To come D. To have
20. They did not have enough time _______ the Exercises.
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A. do B. doing C. to do D. does
21. He chained up the lioness at night _______ could frighten anyone.
A. so that he B. in order that she C. for fear that she D. for her not to
22. The burglar cut the telephone wires _______ call the police.
A. so that he can B. for me not to C. for fear that I D. in order that I could
23. The manufacturers have made the taps of their new gas cooker very stiff _______ young children not to be
able to turn them on.
A. so that B. for fear that C. in order that they D. for
24. I am putting the nets over my strawberry plants ________ the birds can eat all the strawberries.
A. so that B. in order that C. for not D. for fear that
25. The policeman stopped the traffic every few minutes. He wanted the pedestrians to be across the road.
The policeman stopped the traffic every few minutes ________
A. in order that the pedestrians can be across the road.
B. in order to the pedestrians be across the road.
C. so that the pedestrians could be across the road.
D. so the pedestrians could be across the road.
26. We put bars in the lower windows ________ climb in.
A. so that every one could B. in order that no one
C. for fear that no one D. for no one to
27. Turn down the oven. We don’t want the meat to burn while we are out.
Turn down the oven ________
A. for the meat don’t burn while we are out.
B. not for the meat to burn while we are out.
C. so as to the meat not burn while we are out.
D. so that the meat can’t burn while we are out.
28. He telephoned from a public call-box. He didn’t want the call to be traced to his own address.
He telephoned from a public call-box ________.
A. less the call could be traced to his own address.
B. in order that the call to be traced to his own address.
C. so the call can’t be traced to his own address.
D. so that the call could be traced to his own address.
29. We keep the spade in the house. There may be a heavy fall of snow in the night.
We keep the spade in the house ________.
A. so that there may be a heavy fall of snow in the night.
B. in order to there may be a heavy fall of snow in the night.
C. so to be a heavy fall of snow in the night.
D. so there may be a heavy fall of snow in the night.
30. The debate on education has been postponed. The government wants to discuss the latest crisis.
The debate on education has been postponed ________.
A. in order that the government wants to discuss the latest crisis.
B. in order to the government wants to discuss the latest crisis.
C. so that the government can discuss the latest crisis.
D. so the government wants to discuss the latest crisis.
Ex3: Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

1. He chained up the lioness at night___________ could frighten anyone.
A. so that he B. in order that she C. for fear that she D. for her not to
2. The burglar cut the telephone wires____________ call the police.
A. so that he can B. in order that I could C. for fear that I D. for me not to
3. The manufacturers have made the taps of their new gas cooker very stiff _________ young children
not to be able to turn them on.
A. so that B. in order that they wanted C. for fear that D. for
4. The policeman stopped the traffic every few minutes. He wanted the pedestrians to be across the
road.
🡪 The policeman stopped the traffic every few minutes ____________
A. in order that the pedestrians can be across the road.
29
B. in order to the pedestrians be across the road.

C. so that the pedestrians could be across the road.
D. so the pedestrians could be across the road.
5. I am putting the nets over my strawberry plants_______ the birds can eat all the strawberries.
A. so that B. in order that C. for not D. for fear that
6. We put bars in the lower windows____________ climb in.
A. so that every one could B. in order that no one
C. for fear that no one D. for no one to
7. Turn down the oven. We don’t want the meat to burn while we are out.
Turn down the oven___________________________________________
A. for the meat don’t burn while we are out.
B. not for the meat to burn while we are out.
C. so as to the meat not burn while we are out.
D. so that the meat can’t burn while we are out.
8. He telephoned from a public call-box. He didn’t want the call to be traced to his own address.
He telephoned from a public call-box___________________________________
A. less the call could be traced to his own address.
B. in order that the call to be traced to his own address.
C. so the call can’t be traced to his own address.
D. so that the call could be traced to his own address.
9. We keep the spade in the house. There may be a heavy fall of snow in the night.
We keep the spade in the house_______________________________________
A. so that there may be a heavy fall of snow in the night.
B. in order to there may be a heavy fall of snow in the night.
C. so to be a heavy fall of snow in the night.
D. so there may be a heavy fall of snow in the night.
10. The debate on education has been postponed. The government wants to discuss the latest crisis.
The debate on education has been postponed_____________________________
A. in order that the government wants to discuss the latest crisis.
B. in order to the government wants to discuss the latest crisis.
C. so that the government can discuss the latest crisis.
D. so the government wants to discuss the latest crisis.
11. The ceiling is ______.
A. too high for me to reach B. too tall for me to reach
C. so high for me reaching D. enough high of me to reaching
12. He goes to England_____.
A. so that he learns English B. so that he may learn English
C. so to learn English D. so he learns English
13. It was too late _____.
A. to go for them to the party. B. for them to go to the party.
C. because they go to the party. D. so they go to the party.
14. She hid the present______ _______.
A. so that the children wouldn’t find it B. in order to the children not to find it
C. for the children not find it D. in order that the children not to find it
15. “ I tried to study English well. I wanted to get a good job. ” means________.
A. I tried to study English well so that I can get a good job
B. I tried to study English well in order that I can get a good job
C. I tried to study English well to get a good job
D. I try to study English well in order that I can get a good job
16. “They whispered. They didn’t want anyone to hear them. ” means _____.
A. They whispered in order to make anyone hear them
B. They whispered so that no one could hear them
30
C. They whispered to make everyone hear them

D. They whispered in order that make everyone hear them
17. “We preserve natural resources. We can use them in the future. ” means_____.
A. We preserve natural resources so that we can use them in the future
B. We preserve natural resources so as to we can use them in the future
C. We preserve natural resources in order to we can use them in the future
D. We preserve natural resources for fear that we can use them in the future
18. The teacher was explaining the lesson slowly and clearly_____.
A. to make his students to understand it
B. in order that his students can understand it
C. so as to that his students could understand it
D. so that his students could understand it
19. I am not _____ a car.
A. rich enough to buy B. too rich enough to buy
C. too poor to buy D. enough rich to buy
20. _______ to go to the cinema.
A. it was late so that B. that it was late C. it was too late D. such too late
21. The piano was too heavy ______.
A. for nobody to move B. for nobody to moving
C. for anyone to move D. for anyone to moving
22. The school boys are in hurry ______ they will not be late for school.
A. so as to B. to C. in order that D. for
23. He turned off the lights before going out _____ waste electricity.
A. so that not B. as not to C. in order that not D. so as not to
24. The film was ______ through.
A. too long for us to see B. very long for us to see it
C. too long for us seeing it D. too long enough for us to see
25. The coffee was _____ to drink.
A. so strong B. strong
C. enough strong D. too strong
26. I bought this new software _____ Chinese.
A. for learning B. learning C. to learn D. learned
27. Mary jogs everyday ______ lose weight.
A. so she can B. so that she can C. because she can D. so that to
28. He was playing very softly_____________ he _____________ disturb anyone.
A. in order that / couldn’t B. so that / can’t C. so that / could D. so/ can
29. I sent him out of the room _________discuss his progress with his headmaster.
A. for B. in order to C. so as D. in order that
30. He fixed a metal ladder to the wall below his window_____ escape if there was a fire.
A. to B. not to C. so as not D. so that
31. The police had barricaded the main street__________ prevent the demonstrators from marching
through the town.
A. so as to B. not to C. so as not to D. in order
32. They evacuated everybody from the danger zone_______ they _____ reduce the risk.
A. to/ could B. so that/ couldn’t C. in order that / can D. so that/ could
33. He sent his children to the school__________ get more knowledge.
A. for him to B. to for them C. so as for them to D. so that he could
34. The workmen left red lights near the hole__________ warn motorists.
A. to B. for them not to C. so for them to D. so
35. I am learning skiing at an indoor school________ when I get to Switzerland.
A. to skiing B. to ski C. so as not to ski D. so that I can’t ski
36. Keep my hens in a field surrounded by wire netting_____ I can protect them against the foxes.
31
A. to B. not to C. so as not to D. so that

37. I am saving up_________ buy a helicopter.
A. due to B. owing to C. so as to D. despite
38. He had the telephone installed in his car_________ his secretary to be able to contact him
wherever necessary.
A. so that B. in order that C. so as to D. for
39. We built the roof with a steel slope________ the snow to slide off easily.
A. less B. in order that C. for fear that D. for
40. The notices are written in several languages__________ to understand them.
A. for no one B. every one C. so that every one can D. for every one

1. The schoolboys are in a hurry ______ they will not be late for school.
A. so as to B. to C. for D. in order that
2. I gave him my e-mail address ______ he could keep in touch with me.
A. that B. so that C. such that D. so as to
3. We decided to join the English speaking club ______ improve our English.
A. so that B. so to C. in order D. to
4. ______ learn how to use a computer, he decides to take lessons.
A. To B. In order to C. So as D. A & B are correct
5. He walked silently ______ wake the other people.
A. to not B. to avoid C. so as to not D. in order not to
6. She wore glasses and a wig ______ we couldn’t recognise her.
A. so that B. so as to C. in order to D. B & C are correct
7. He locked the door ______ be disturbed.
A. in order not B. in order not to C. in order to not D. in order that he not
8.______ English fluently, we should practise speaking it whenever possible.
A. In order to speak B. To speaking C. In order speak D. In order for speaking
9. The boy always does his homework before class ______ be punished by his teacher.
A. so as not to B. so as to C. so that not to D. in order that not to
10. Seat belt laws were introduced ______ traffic fatalities would be reduced.
A. in order that B. so as to C. such that D. provided that
11. She phoned me ______.
A. so that she invites me to her party C. to invite me to her party
B. that she invited me to her party D. for she wanted to invite me to her party
12. Mary took a taxi ______ she could arrive at the conference on time.
A. in order B. that C. so that D. A & B are correct
13. Mary put on her scarf ______ she ______ not get cold.
A. so that / will B. to / would C. so as to / will D. so that / would
14. I’ll give you my telephone number ______ phone me.
A. so that you can B. to C. want to D. A & B are correct
15. She worked hard ______ everything would be ready by 6 o’clock.
A. that B. for C. in order that D. so as to
16. I’m going to make an early start ______ get stuck in the traffic.
A. so that not B. not to C. so as to not D. in order not
17. I work hard ______ help my family.
A. so as to B. in order to C. in order that D. A & B are correct
18. My parents got up early this morning ______ park the car for our journey.
A. so that B. in order to C. because D. in case
19. They got up ______ early in the morning that no one saw them leave the house.
A. too B. so C. in order to D. such
20. She employed a secretary ______ type her letters and answer the phone.
32
A. in order that B. so that C. to D. for

21. He gave me his address __________me to visit.
22. They whispered __________ no one to hear their conversation.
A. so that B. in order to C. because D. in order for
23.The piano was too heavy ______.
A. for nobody to move B. for nobody to moving
C. for anyone to move D. for anyone to moving
25. It is such an important matter _______ I can’t decide anything about it myself.
A. so B. because C. that D. so that to
26. Mary jogs everyday ______ lose weight.
A. so she can B. so that she can C. because she can D. so that to
27. She got up early _________ miss the bus.
A. in order that B. so that C. not to D. for
28. Mr. Thompson is learning Vietnamese __________ to read Kim Van Kieu.
A. so that not B. so as to C. in order not to D. so as not to
29. They hurried _______ catch the train.
A. to not B. as not to C. in order that not D. to
30. Tom is saving up __________ he can buy a new car.
A. so that B. as not to C. in order that not D. so as that
31. Alice prepares her lesson carefully ___________ she will get high marks in class.
A. so that not B. as not to C. in order that not D. in other that
32. I went to see him ________find out what had happened.
A. so that not B. so as not to C. in order that D. so as to
33. He does morning exercises regularly __________ improve his health.
A. so as to B. and C. to D. so as not to
34. We learn English _________ we will have better communication with other people.
35. He lighted the candle ______ he might read the note.
A. so that B. and C. because D. as a result
36. He turned off the lights before going out _____ waste electricity.
A. so that not B. as not to C. in order that not D. so as not to
37. The teacher explained the lesson twice _____ the students could understand it clearly.
A. as long as B. so that C. because D. as if
38. He practises speaking English every day _________ he can speak it fluently.
39. They are learning English _______________ them to study in Singapore.
A. so as not to B. in order for C. in order to D. in case
40. He was tired _____________ he could not continue his work.
A. so that B. in order not to C. in order to D. in case
41. Those students are trying their best ____________ get the scholarship.
42. Sound is carried from the eardrum to the nerves _____________ we can hear it.
A. so as to B. in order that C. to D. so as not
to
43. In order to help human beings live longer and healthier, many scientists are working hard
__________ they can invent new drugs.
A. so that B. as not to C. in order that not D. in other to
44. Many bridges in London are covered with wooden roofs _________ it can be protected from rain
and snow.
33
A. so that not B. so as to C. in order that not D. in other that

45. Please arrive on time ________ us to be able to start the meeting punctually.
A. so that not B. as not to C. in order for D. in other that
46. The laser beam can attack directly and accurately the diseased cells ___________ the healthy
neighbors are left unharmed.
A. so that B. as not to C. in order that not D. in other to
47. My father and I do morning exercises every day ___________ improve our health.
A. to not B. as not to C. in order that not D. to
48. We learn English ________________ we can communicate with other people.
A. so that B. because C. that D. so that to
49.He studies very hard so that _______________ pass his final exam next month.
A. not to B. in order to C. so as not to D. so that to
50. ___________ waste electricity, we turn out the lights when there is enough light.
A. so B. so as not to C. that D. so that to
BÀI TẬP MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ KẾT QUẢ
Ex1: Use one of the words in the table to fill in the blanks
too enough so such
1. _________ hot to drink
2. easy _________ to do
3. _________ difficult to do
4. tall _________ to touch
5. old _________ to drive
6. _________ an interesting boy that
7. _________ beautiful that
8. _________ expensive books that
9. _________ optimistic that
10. _________ pessimistic students that
Ex2: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct option to fill each of the following
blanks
1. It was _____ a boring film that I felt asleep.
A. such B. so C. very D. too
2. The question was _____ difficult that they couldn't explain.
A. so B. such C. very D. too
3. Our seats were _____ far from the stage that we couldn't see the actors and actresses clearly.
A. very B. too C. enough D. so
4. John’s eyes were _____ bad that he couldn’t read the number plate of the car in front.
A. such B. too C. so D. very
5. He was _____ he never washed his clothes by himself.
A. too lazy B. so lazy that C. very lazy that D. such lazy that
6. He was _____ he could not continue to work.
A. very tired that B. such tired that C. too tired that D. so tired that
7. Jack has _____ many patients _____ he is always busy.
A. too / that B. very / until C. such / that D. so / that
8. They are _____ young _____ drive the car.
A. so / that B. too / to C. enough / to D. not only / but also
9. - Why don’t we make a fire? - It’s not cold _____ to make a fire.
A. too B. enough C. such D. much
10. Most of the pupils are _____ to pass the examination.
34
A. enough good B. good enough C. too good D. very good

11. You can send me a letter if you want to, but your phone call is _____ for me.
A. enough good B. good as enough C. good enough D. good than enough
12. The lesson _____ for me to understand.
A. is very difficult B. too difficult C. difficult too D. is too difficult
13. The tent show is _____ for us to see.
A. enough interesting B. very interesting C. interesting enough D. interesting
14. They are _____ that they can't buy a bicycle.
A. enough poor B. poor enough C. so poor D. too poor
16. The piano was too heavy ______.
A. for nobody to move B. for anyone to move
C. for nobody to moving D. for anyone to moving
17. I am not _____ a car.
A. rich enough to buy B. too poor to buy
C. enough rich to buy D. too rich enough to buy
18. Is there _____ for everyone?
A. food and drink enough B. enough food and drink
C. enough of food and drink D. enough food and drink enough
19. The ceiling is ______.
A. too high for me to reach B. too tall for me to reach
C. so high for me reaching D. enough high of me to reaching
20. It was too late _____.
A. to go for them to the party. B. for them to go to the party.
C. because they go to the party. D. so they go to the party.
Ex3: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to show the underlined part that needs correction
1. These computers were so expensive for us to buy at that time.

A B C D
2. These televisions are all too expensive for we to buy at this time.
A B C D
3. She has such many things to do that she has no time to go out.
A B C D
4. My cousin is too young not to do volunteer work.
A B C D
5. It is such an interested story that everybody would like to read it.
A B C D
6. The road is very slippery for us to drive fast.
A B C D
7. The woman was so surprised that she couldn’t say nothing.
A B C D
8. She had so many luggage that there was not enough room in the car for it.
A B C D
9. He had so a difficult Exercise that he couldn't do it.
A B C D
10. John had so interesting and creative plans that everyone wanted to work with him.
A B C D
Ex4: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence which is closest in meaning to the
given one
1. The milk was too hot for me to drink.
A. The milk is so hot that I can’t drink it B. The milk is so hot that I can’t drink.
35
C. The milk was so hot that I couldn’t drink it. D. The milk was so hot that I could drink
it.
2. It was so late that nothing could be done.
A. It was too late for nothing to be done.
B. It was too late for anything to be done.
C. It was so late that nothing to be done.
D. It was such late that nothing could be done.
3. If I were taller, I could reach the top shelf.
A. I am not tall enough to reach the top shelf.
B. I cannot reach the top shelf because I am very tall.
C. I am too tall to reach the top shelf.
D. In spite of being tall, I cannot reach the top shelf.
4. We couldn’t go out because the weather was so bad.
A. It was so bad a weather that we couldn’t go out.
B. It was such a bad weather that we couldn’t go out.
C. It was so bad weather that we couldn’t go out.
D. It was such bad weather that we couldn’t go out.
5. She was so busy that she couldn’t answer the phone.
A. She was very busy that she couldn’t answer the phone.
B. She was too busy to answer the phone.
C. She was too busy not to answer the phone.
D. She was very busy so that she couldn’t answer the phone
6. It was such a boring speech that we began to yawn.
A. The speech was very boring that we began to yawn.
B. It was so a boring speech that we began to yawn.
C. The speech was too boring that we began to yawn.
D. The speech was so boring that we began to yawn.
7. This is the first time I have lived in such a friendly neighborhood.
A. I have lived in such a friendly neighborhood before.
B. I haven’t lived in such a friendly neighborhood before.
C. I had lived in such a friendly neighborhood before.
D. I hadn’t lived in such a friendly neighborhood before.
8. The test was so difficult that we couldn’t finish it in two hours.
A. It was such a difficult test that we couldn’t finish it in two hours.
B. The test was too difficult for us to finish it in two hours.
C. The test was not difficult enough for us to finish in two hours.
D. The test was too difficult for us to finish it in two hour.
9. The book was so good that I couldn’t put it down.
A. It was so a good book that I couldn’t put it down.
B. It was such a good book that I couldn’t put it down.
C. The book was so good for me to put it down.
D. The book was so good that I couldn’t put down.
10. Sue is too slow to understand what you might say.
A. Sue is not enough quick to understand what you might say.
B. What you might say, Sue can understand slowly.
C. Sue is so slow to understand what you might say.
D. So slow is Sue that she can’t understand what you might say.
Ex5 Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct option to fill each of the following
blanks.
1. Our seats were _____ far from the stage that we couldn't see the actors and actresses clearly.
A. very B. too C. enough D. so
36
2. He was _____ he never washed his clothes by himself.

A. too lazy B. so lazy that C. very lazy that D. such lazy that
3. They are _____ young _____ drive the car.
A. so / that B. too / to C. enough / to D. not only / but also
4. It was _____ a boring speech that I felt asleep.
A. such B. so C. very D. too
5. Is there _____ for everyone?
A. food and drink enough B. enough food and drink
C. enough of food and drink D. enough food and drink enough
6. He was _____ he could not continue to work.
A. very tired that B. such tired that C. too tired that D. so tired that
7. John’s eyes were _____ bad that he couldn’t read the number plate of the car in front.
A. such B. too C. so D. very
8. - Why don’t we make a fire? - It’s not cold _____ to make a fire.
A. too B. enough C. such D. much
9. Most of the pupils are _____ to pass the examination.
A. enough good B. good enough C. too good D. very good
10. You can send me a letter if you want to, but your phone call is _____ for me.
A. enough good B. good as enough C. good enough D. good than enough
11. Davis has _____ many patients _____ he is always busy.
A. too / that B. very / until C. such / that D. so / that
12. It was _____ a difficult question that they couldn't explain.
A. so B. such C. very D. too
13. The lesson _____ for me to understand.
A. is very difficult B. too difficult C. difficult too D. is too difficult
14. The tent show is _____ for us to see.
A. enough interesting B. very interesting
C. interesting enough D. interesting
15. They are _____ that they can't buy a bicycle.
A. enough poor B. poor enough C. so poor D. too poor
Ex6: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to show the underlined part that needs correction.
1. These televisions are all too expensive for we to buy at this time.
A B C D
2. Mi has such many things to do that she has no time to go out.
A B C D
3. My brother is too young not to do volunteer work.
A B C D
4. These televisions were so expensive for us to buy at that time.
A B C D
5. That is such an interested story that everybody would like to read it.
A B C D
6. The road is very slippery for us to drive fast.
A B C D
7. The woman was so surprised that she couldn’t say nothing.
A B C D
8. She had so many luggage that there was not enough room in the car for it.
A B C D
9. He had so a difficult exercise that he couldn't do it.
A B C D
10. John had so interesting and creative plans that everyone wanted to work with him.
37
A B C D
Ex7. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence which is closest in meaning to the
given one
1. We couldn’t go out because the weather was so bad.
A. It was so bad a weather that we couldn’t go out.
B. It was such a bad weather that we couldn’t go out.
C. It was so bad weather that we couldn’t go out.
D. It was such bad weather that we couldn’t go out.
2. She was so busy that she couldn’t answer the phone.
A. She was very busy that she couldn’t answer the phone.
B. She was too busy to answer the phone.
C. She was too busy not to answer the phone.
D. She was very busy so that she couldn’t answer the phone
3. The coffee was too hot for me to drink.
A. The coffee is so hot that I can’t drink it
B. The coffee is so hot that I can’t drink.
C. The coffee was so hot that I couldn’t drink it.
D. The coffee was so hot that I could drink it.
4. If I were taller, I could reach the top shelf.
A. I am not tall enough to reach the top shelf.
B. I am too tall to reach the top shelf.
C. I cannot reach the top shelf because I am very tall.
D. In spite of being tall, I cannot reach the top shelf.
5. It was such a boring speech that we began to yawn.
A. The speech was very boring that we began to yawn.
B. It was so a boring speech that we began to yawn.
C. The speech was too boring that we began to yawn.
D. The speech was so boring that we began to yawn.
6. It was so late that nothing could be done.
A. It was too late for nothing to be done.
B. It was too late for anything to be done.
C. It was such late that nothing could be done.
D. It was so late that nothing to be done.
7. This is the first time I have lived in such a friendly neighborhood.
A. I have lived in such a friendly neighborhood before.
B. I haven’t lived in such a friendly neighborhood before.
C. I had lived in such a friendly neighborhood before.
D. I hadn’t lived in such a friendly neighborhood before.
8 The test was so difficult that we couldn’t finish it in two hours.
A. It was such a difficult test that we couldn’t finish it in two hours.
B. The test was too difficult for us to finish it in two hours.
C. The test was not difficult enough for us to finish in two hours.
D. The test was too difficult for us to finish it in two hour.
9. The book was so good that I couldn’t put it down.
A. It was so a good book that I couldn’t put it down.
B. It was such a good book that I couldn’t put it down.
C. The book was so good for me to put it down.
D. The book was so good that I couldn’t put down.
10. Sue is too slow to understand what you might say.
A. Sue is not enough quick to understand what you might say.
B. What you might say, Sue can understand slowly.
38
C. Sue is so slow to understand what you might say.

D. So slow is Sue that she can’t understand what you might say.
BÀI TẬP MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ THỜI GIAN
Exercise 1: Use the correct tense of verbs in brackets:

1. You may begin when you (be)___________ ready.
2. She said that she (get)______________ married soon.
3. She has told me her name (be)_______________ Mary.
4. Do you hear what she (just, say)_______________ ?
5. They believe that the police (capture)_______________ the thief soon.
6. John (live)_______________ in the same house since he left school.
7. The teachers said that the shortest distance between two points (be)________ a straight line.
8. Bill said that he (lose)______________ his bicycle.
9. Did you hear what she (just, say)____________ ?
10. My father said he (be)____________ here by noon.
11. I didn't know what time it (be)_________, so I (turn)___________ on the radio.
12. I saw that I (make)______________ a mistake.
13. Mary (have) ____________dinner when her friend called.
14. She says that she (live)_____________ in the country when she (be)__________ a child.
15. They hoped that they (end)____________ soon.
16. I was taught that the sun (be) ______________bigger than the moon.
17. She has thought that the work (be)____________ easy.
18. The students had thought that the English test (be)____________ rather difficult.
19. I want to know how long she (live) ____________ here.
20. I see that Henry (write) ____________ his composition now.
21. I wondered whether I (lock) ____________ the door or not.
22. They have found that the road (be) ____________ very long.
23. She understood that we (promise) ____________ to go.
24. The teacher asked Bill why he (not go) ____________ to school the day before.
25. We find that we (take) ____________ a wrong way.
Ex2: Use the correct tense of verbs in brackets:
1. He said that he (do)...................................... his homework since seven o’clock.
2. She demanded that her husband (give)...................................... her all of his wages.
3. By next summer, she (finish)...................................... her 3 rd novel.
4. Kathy (be)......................................quite different since she got married.
5. This is the first time we (see)......................................the Statue of Liberty.
6. It was the second time I (talk)......................................to her.
7. As soon as she came in, I knew I (meet)......................................her somewhere.
8. After Jessica (finish)......................... her degree, she intends to work in her father’s
company.
9. By the time Anne graduated from high school, she (attend)......................................seven
different schools because her parents moved frequently.
10. Mitchell looked down to discover a snake at her feet. When she saw it, she (scream)
......................................
11. Until you learn to relax more, you (not/ improve).........................your ability to speak
English.
39
12. I borrowed four books on gardening the last time I (go)......................................to the
library.
13. Before I (start)..............................the car, all passengers had buckled their seat belts.
14. Whenever I travel abroad, I (forget)......................................something I need.
15. After the baseball match (win)......................................, the celebration began.
16. I’ll return Bob’s pen to him next time I (see)...................................... him.
17. As soon as Martina saw the fire, she (call)......................................the fire brigade.
18. When my parents (arrive)......................................for a visit tomorrow, they will see our
baby for the first time.
19. Since I left Venezuela six years ago, I (return)......................................to visit friends and
family several times.
20. As soon as my parents came, we (go)......................................out for dinner.
21. After ancient Greek athletes won a race in the Olympics, they
(receive)......................................a simple crown of olive leaves.
22. I (answer)...................................... all of the questions correctly since I began this exercise
on verb tenses.
23. Although it was noisy, I (keep)......................................on studying.
24. No matter what kinds of exercises he had taken, he (still/ put)...............................on weight.
25. I got a sore throat because I (speak)......................................for 3 hours.
26. Because she felt tired, she (go)...................................... to bed early.
27. I don’t like to speak English because I (be)......................................afraid of making
mistakes.
28. I whispered because I (not/ want)......................................to disturb anyone.
29. Despite the fact that she was ill, Lisa (go)......................................on stage.
30. Although she (eat)......................................three cakes, she was still hungry.
31.
Exercise 1: Choose the most correct answer:
1. He said that he ____ a lot of money on advertising to expand his business.
A. spends B. has spent C. spending D. had spent
2. The train _____ when we got to the station.
A. just left B. just leaves C. had just left D. will leave
3. Tom told me he _____ call me at the airport when I ______.
A. would/ arrived B. will/
arrive
C. will have/ arriving D. would be/ arriving
4. At this time tomorrow, we ____ our final exam.
A. will have taking B. will be taking C. will be taken D. would take
5. -____ before? – Yes, I ____ my holidays here last year.
A. have you ever been / spent B. have you ever been / spend
C. Did you ever be / spending D. were you ever / spend
6. ______ I was working in the garden, John was repairing the washing machine.
A. as soon as B. because of C. while D. until
7. Peter said he _____ a test the following day.
A. had had B. will have C. has had D. would have
8. After she _____ at the hospital for 2 years, she_____ to give up the job yesterday.
A. had been working/ decides B. had been working/ decided
C. working / had decided D. is working/ will decide
9. Tom _____ before we arrive there.
40
A. has left B. had left C. will leave D. leaves

10. In 1970, the Canadian scientist George Kelly ______ that warm water _____ more quickly
than cold water.
A. prove/freeze B. proves / breezed
C. proving / freezing D. proved/freezes
11. After we _____ our work, we ____ for lunch.
A. having finish/ went B. have finished/ went
C. had finished/went D. having finish/ going
12. After _____ Tom was apprenticed to learn a trade.
A. leave B. leaves C. left D. leaving
13. They were in a hurry because they thought that the class _____.
A. have already begun B. have already begun C. was begun D. will begin
14. – Why have they demolished that old building? – They ____ a new supermarket there.
A. had built B. were building
C. are going to build D. would be built
15. When I’m learning English, sometimes I ____ the accent.
A. will be confused about B. was confused about
C. had be confused about D. am confused about
16. After he _____ his English course, he went to England to continue his study.
A. will finish B. has finished
C. had finished D. will have finished
17. They ____ a lot of preparation before the match started.
A. has made B. had made C. will be made D. are making
18. I____ in the US for one year, but I still find it difficult to communicate with the American.
A. am B. was C. have been D. had been
19. American women may ____ conversations with men or even ___ them to dance.
A. to start/ to ask B. start/ ask C. starting / asking D. started/ asked
20. After ______ the doctor found that he ____ his arm.
A. to examine/ breaks B. to examine/ broke
C. examining/ broken D. examining/had broken
21. As soon as she arrived in London, she found that the English people spoke English
differently from what she _____.
A. will learn B. is learning C. has been learning D. had learnt
22. How____ since we____ school?
A. are you/ left B. will you be / left
C. have you been/ had leftD. have you been/ left
23. Before cars_______ , people ____ horses and bicycles.
A. were discovered/ had used B. discovering/ use
C. is discovered/ using D. have been discovered / have been using
24. Don’t go anywhere until I _____ back.
A. come B. will come C. have come D. came
25. I _____ the book by the time you come tonight.
A. will be finishing B. finished C. have finishing D. will have finished
26. Who ______ when I came ?
A. were you talking to B. are you talking to
C. you were talking to D. you are talking to
27. Please send us a postcard as soon as you _______in London.
A. will arrive B. is going to arrive C. arrive D. arrived
41
28. I will give you this book ______ I met you tomorrow.
A. when B. until C. since D. for
29. Jane _____ her house all the morning before the guest arrived.
A. is cleaning B. was cleaning C. has been cleaning D. had been cleaning
30. We ______ for going home when it began to rain.
A. are preparing B. were preparing C. will be preparing D. have prepared
31. Tom said everything ______ ready when the match ______.
A. will be/ starts B. would be/ started C. is / started D. will be/ started
32. I _____ in the waiting room when I heard someone_____ me.
A. am sitting/ to call B. was
sitting/ call
C. am sitting/ called D. have sat / called
33. At 10 o’clock tomorrow morning, we_____ our final test.
A. will take B. will be taking
C. has been taking D. would be taking
34. Our grandfather____ as an engineer for 30 years be fore he retired in 1980.
A. worked B. was working
C. has been working D. had been working
35. Up to now, the pollution problems yet.
A. haven’t solved B. are not solving
C. hadn’t solved D. will not have solved
36. Miss Hoa always takes her umbrella when she _____ to school.
A. has gone B. goes C. is going D. will go
37. Never talk to the driver while he ______.
A. will be driving B. will drive C. drives D. is driving
38. I’ll tell you it is good or not after I ____it.
A. try B. am trying C. have tried D. will try
39. I’ll marry her as soon as she _____ all her problems.
A. solves B. has solved C. had solved D. solve
I’ll wait until you ____crying.
A. have stopped B. will stop C. stop D. stopped
40. I bought Romano whenever I ____ Maximart.
A. had gone B. has gone C. went D. would go
41. My son was sleeping when I ______ home.
A. went B. has gone C. had gone D. would go
42. I was compiling this book while my son ____.
A. slept B. would sleep C. had slept D. was sleeping
43. Lan has learnt English since she ____ a small girl.
A. has been B. had been C. was D. would be
44. She won’t get married until she _____ 25 years old.
A. is B. will be C. had been D. was
45. After ______ , he went to bed.
A. had done his homework B. have done his homework
C. being done his homework D. doing his homework
46. Yesterday when I _____ at the station, the train _______ for 15 minutes.
A. arrived/ had left B. arrives/ has left C. arrived/ left D. had arrived/ left
47. When we _____ there _____ people ______ calmly.
A. got/ are waiting B. got/ were waiting C. got/ waited D. get/ wait
42
48. While I ____ in the street, I saw my old friend.

A. was walking B. am walking C. walk D. walked
49. What do you think the children _____ when we get home?
A. would do B. do C. were doing D. are doing
50. I’ll read the book when I _____ time.
A. have B. had C. will have D. would have
51. The house was quiet when I _____ home. Everyone _____ to bed.
A. got/ went B. got/ had gone C. had got / went D. was getting/ was going
52. I ______ her since I _____ a student.
A. know/ am B. knew/ was C. have known/ am D. have known/ was
53. While I was going to school yesterday, I ____ him.
A. meet B. met C. will meet D. am meeting
54. Alice _____ for Washington as soon as she had finished her exam.
A. will leave B. would leave C. leaves D. left
55. He died after he ______ ill for a long time.
A. was B. had been C. has been D. is
56. I _______ home until I finish my lesson.
A. haven’t come B. don’t come C. didn’t come D. won’t come
57. The manager ______ the store before I arrived.
A. closed B. had closed C. has closed D. was closing
58. When the alarm rang, Hai ______ out of bed quickly.
A. was jumping B. has jumped C. had jumped D. jumped
59. When we see Mr. Minh tomorrow, I ____ him of that.
A. will remind B. remind C. have reminded D. reminded
Exercise 2: Find ONE mistake in each of the following sentences:
1. (A)Last year, my son (B)was lost (C)among the crowd when we (D)have gone shopping.
2. The problem (A)has turned out (B)to be more serious (C)than we (D)will have thought.
3. (A)Almost 300 million people (B)had visited (C)America’s national parks (D)every year.
4. They (A)have studied English(A) before they went (C)to London.
5. They (A)has got married (B)for 30 years (C)by the end of (D)this month.
6. They (A)will help you (B)whenever you (C)will ask (D)them.
7. (A)When Sam (B)will arrive, he will (C)open (D)the gift.
8. My father (A)has ever told (B)me honestychân thât (C)was (D)the best policy.
9. Did you say (A)that you (B)will have a lot of things (C)to do the (D)following week?
10. (A)When we arrived (B)at (C)the station, the train (D)has already left.
11. (A)Did your doctor (B)recommend you that you (C)will stop (D)smoking?
12. (A) Up to now, there (B)had been (C)no woman (D)being chosen the US president.
13. The neighbors (A)are having a party. They (B)are making so much noise (C)since 6
o’clock. I (D)can’t sleep.
14. (A)Don’t (B)leave the house (C)until I (D)will get back.
15. I (A)was walking along the pavement(B) when I (C)realized that there (D)has been a man
following me.
16. Human (A)had struggled (B)against weeds (C)since the beginning (D)of agriculture.
17. Mary (A)said (B)that she (C)do jogging (D)every morning.
18. (A)At this time (B)next week, Peter (C)was working (D)in London.
19. Never I (A)have seen (B)such a (C)good film (D)before.
20. (A)Before the 1920s, (B)no women (C)will vote (D)in the US.
43
21. Some students have always (A)complain that they (B)do not have (C)enough money (D)to
spend.
22. The teacher (A)got (B)angry with him (C)because he sometimes (D)come to class late.
23. (A)Up to now, there (B)had been (C)no woman (D)being chosen the US president.
24. The mother (A)had always took (B)good care (C)of her (D)little son.
25. An American woman (A)not always (B)shake hands (C)when she is introduced (D)to a
man.
26. Peter (A)has been written the composition (B)for 3 hours and he (C)has not finished
(D)yet.
27. We (A)were a few minute late (B)so the film (C)was already started when we (D)got to
the cinema.
28. (A)By the time (B)the police (C)come, the robber (D)had run away.
29. Why (A)didn’t Peter (B)go to school? What (C)did happened (D)to him?
30. I (A)was listening (B)to the radio (C)when the door bell (D)will ring.
31. Why (A)are you so late? I (B)am waiting here (C)for you for more (D)than one hour .
32. Phuc never (A)go to bed (B)before he (C)has finished his (D)homework.
33. I (A)have learnt English (B)for I (C)was ten (D)years old.
34. Yesterday evening (A)while I (B)was watching TV, Mai (C)pays me (D)a visit.
35. We (A)went out (B)for a walk (C)after we (D)had our dinner.
36. (A)As soon as (B)the next lecture (C)will end, (D)let’s leave.
37. Mr. Ba (A)had a daughter who (B)were born in 1950, but (C)who died a few years
(D)later.
38. (A)After they (B)were playing cards, (C)someone broke (D)into the house.
39. A (A)city university professor reported that he (B)discovers a vaccine(C)which could
(D)prevent bird flu.
40. Factories discard waste that (A)had (B)polluted air and water, but factories (C)give us
(D)employment.
44
CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG
***
Cần nhớ
1. Bị động thường:
S + V + O  S1 + tobe + Ved/p2 (by S)
Lưu ý: bỏ by them, by people, by someone
2. Bị động đặc biệt

2.1. People say that S + V + O People say that Mr. BaMi lives in HN.
 It is said that S + V + O  It is said that Mr.BaMi lives in HN.
 S is/are said to V.....  Mr.BaMi is said to live in HN.
Các động từ hay dùng trước that: acknowledge (công nhận), assume (cho
rằng), believe (tin), claim (yêu sách), consider (cân nhắc), estimate (ước tính), feel (cảm
thấy), find (tìm thấy), report (báo cáo), say (nói), think (nghĩ), understand (hiểu).
2.2. have somebody do something  have something done

Get somebody to do something  get something done
VD: I had my brother wash my car  I had my car washed.
2.3. let sb V: I let John go  John was let go = John was allowed to go.
2.4. make sb V  sb is made to V: I made him work hard  he was made to work hard.
2.5. need to be p2 = need + Ving: The flowers need to be watered  the flowers need watering.
2.6. V+Ving: She disliked her boyfriend cheating her  She disliked being cheated by her
boyfriend
2.7. see/ hear Sb do sth  Sb is seen/heard to do sth: nghe/ thấy toàn bộ hành động
See/ hear sb doing sth  sb is seen/ heard doing sth: nghe/ thấy 1 phần hành động
Ví dụ
Bài 1. Choose the best answer (Dựa vào dấu hiệu của thì chọn đáp án)
1. The students_______ to submit their homework every day
A. is asked B. asked C. are asked D. asking
2. Your beer_________ by that man at the moment.
A. drunk B. is being drunk C. drank D. was drunk
3. The problem_______________ already.
A. is solved B. was solved C. has been solved D. solving
4. This house___________ in 1970 by my grandfather.
A. was built B. build C. is built D. building
5. The dishes___________ at 7pm yesterday.
A. are washing B. were being washed C. are being washed D. wash
6. When we came, all the lights__________ on.
A. had been turned B. were turned C. was turned D. turned
7. The letter______________ you tomorrow.
A. will give B. will be given C. giving D. is given
45
8. Mobile phone___________ into the exam room.

A. should be brought B. can bring C. must bring D. can’t be brought
9. People don’t use this dictionary very often.  This dictionary____________________.
A. isn’t used very often by people B. isn’t used very often
10. Someone has repaired this telephone.  This telephone_________________________.
A. has been repaired B. has been repaired by someone
11. We must finish the project on time.  The project_____________________________.
A. must be finished on time B. must been finished on time
12. They are interviewing the president on the TV at the moment.
A. The president is being interviewed at the moment on the TV
B. The president is being interviewed on the TV at the moment
13. They gave Mary this present an hour ago. _________________________________.
A. Mary was given this present an hour ago.
B. Mary was given this present an hour ago by them.
C. This present was given to Mary an hour ago.
D. A and C
14. Did Shakespeare write “Romeo and Juliet”?  ____________________by Shakespeare?
A. Were “Romeo and Juliet” written B. Was “Romeo and Juliet” written
Bài 2. Choose the correct answer (Bị động đặc biệt)

1. People say that he works in the bank.
A. It’s said that he works in the bank.
B. It was said that he works in the bank.
2. People said that he worked in the bank.
A. It is said that he worked in the bank.
B. It was said that he worked in the bank.
3. They believed that John left the country last year.
A. John is believed to leave the country last year.
B. John was believed to leave the country last year.
4. They reports that John left the country last year. (lệch thì)
A. John is reported to leave the country last year.
B. John is reported to have left the country last year.
5. People know that she is a good swimmer.
A. She is known to be a good swimmer.
B. It is known that she is a good swimmer.
C. A and B
6. Dad had the mechanic repair the car.
A. Dad had the car repaired by the mechanic.
B. Dad had the car been repaired by the mechanic.
7. Mom gets me to clean the house every day.
A. Mom gets the house be cleaned every day.
B. Mom gets the house cleaned every day.
8. She hates people laughing at her.
A. She hates to be laughed at.
B. She hates being laughed at.
Luyện tập
Bị động thường
Bài 3. Complete the following table basing on the suggestions
No. Verb Active Tense No. Verb Active Tense
/Passive /Passive
1 gives Active Simple present 11 is watching
2 was given Passive Simple past 12 is being watched
3 taught 13 will learn
4 are written 14 will be played
5 is cooking 15 should be eaten
6 is cooked 16 should eat
7 has read 17 is going to say
8 has been cut 18 is going to be
cut
9 had cleaned 19 have to wear
10 had been seen 20 have to be worn
Bài 4. Decide each of the following verbs to be ACTIVE or PASSIVE in this text. What tenses
are they?
In Denmark, 24 people were left (1) hanging upside down when a roller coaster car made (2) an
unscheduled stop. The passengers were stranded (3) 60 feet in the air for 20 minutes before firemen
arrived (4) with ladders. An official for the fairground, at Alborg in Western Denmark, said (5) the
riders had been firmly locked (6) in and not been in danger. “They were given (7) their money back”,
the official said (8).
(1) PASSIVE: past simple____________ (5) __________________________
(2) _____________________________ (6) __________________________
(3) _____________________________ (7) __________________________
(4) _____________________________ (8) __________________________
Bài 5. Change the following sentences into PASSIVE VOICE (use Present Simple: am/is/are +
P2)
1. His father always praises him when he works hard.
→ He is always praised by his father when he works hard.___________________________________
2. My sister often takes Bob for his brother.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. My mother wakens me at 7 o’clock every morning.
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. We use this room for special occasions.
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. In some districts farmers use pigs to find truffles.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Bài 6. Change the following sentences into PASSIVE VOICE (use Past Simple: was/were + P2)
1. I bought this book a week ago.
→ This book was bought a week ago.____________________________________________________
2. A great artist painted this picture.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. John broke the window the other day.
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. The mob broke all the shop windows in recent riots.
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. They rang the church bells as a flood warning
__________________________________________________________________________________
Bài 7. Change the following sentences into PASSIVE VOICE (use Future Simple: will/shall + be
+ P2)
1. The police will interview him tomorrow.
→ He will be interviewed by the police tomorrow.__________________________________________
2. We shall discuss this problem later.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. What measures shall we take?
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. The lawyer will give him the details of his uncle’s will.
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. The closure of the workshops will make a lot of people redundant.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Bài 8. Change the following sentences into PASSIVE VOICE

(use Progressive: am/is/are/was/were/will be + being + P2)
1. She is still typing the letters.
→ The letters are still being typed.______________________________________________________
2. They were taking more effective measures at the time.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. They will be building a new movie theatre in this square next year.
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. They are examining the students in room 206.
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. The government is spending little money on roads.
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. They are interviewing her for the TV.
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. Tom and Harry were carrying our suitcases.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Bài 9. Change the following sentences into PASSIVE VOICE

(use Perfect form: has/have/had/will have + been + P2)
1. The secretary has recently brought this letter.
→ This letter has recently been brought by the secretary.____________________________________
2. Jack has just spilled the milk.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. My little brother has broken this cup.
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Have they bought the books?
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. By the time the director came she had typed the letters.
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. Somebody had slashed the picture with a knife.
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. The burglars had cut an enormous hole in the steel door.
__________________________________________________________________________________
8. By the time he comes we will have done it all.
__________________________________________________________________________________
9. They will have passed the exams by the end of June.
__________________________________________________________________________________
10. We shall have finished this report by 6 o’clock.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Bài 10. Change the following sentences into PASSIVE VOICE (Modal verb + be + P2)
1. People should send their complaints to the main office.

→ Their complaints should be sent to the main office._______________________________________
2. Somebody might steal your car if you had left the keys in it.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. A short circuit could cause the fire.
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Lan is going to invite her friends to her birthday party.
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. Lien couldn’t open the door of the classroom.
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. They should announce that news as soon as possible.
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. Phong has to return the scientific book to the library.
__________________________________________________________________________________
8. People must repair that old building.
__________________________________________________________________________________
9. They must keep fruit in the fridge for long.
__________________________________________________________________________________
10. The students may elect Phong their leader.
Bài 11. Put the verbs in brackets into a suitable tense in the passive
The building at the top of the High Street is Barford Hall. It was built (1. build) in 1827 and today it
______________ (2. regard) as the finest Georgian building in the country. A number of changes
______________ (3. make) since it was built, but the front of the building ________________ (4. not
change). Today the Hall ______________ (5. own) by Bardale Council, and for the last ten years it
_____________ (6. use) as a home for Barford Arts Centre. At the moment a small art gallery
______________ (7. build) behind the Hall.
Bị động đặc biệt

Bài 12. Use the words in brackets to complete the sentence. Use the structure “have something
done”
1. We _is having the house painted__ (the house/paint) at the moment.
2. I lost my key. I’ll have to ___have another key made___ (another key/make).
3. When was the last time you ______________________ (your hair/cut)?
4. This coat is dirty. I must __________________________ (it/clean).
5. If you want to wear earrings, why don’t you _______________________ (your ears/pierce)?
Bài 13. Complete the sentences in another way, beginning as shown

1. Someone reported that the situation was under control.
(V1) was reported (V2) to be

→ The situation was reported to be under control. (Vì V1 và V2 cùng thì hoặc V2 xảy ra sau V1)
2. They say that she worked 16 hours a day.
(V1) is said (V2) to have worked

→ She is said to have worked 16 hours a day. (Vì V2 xảy ra trước V1)
3. Someone thinks that the company is planning a new advertising campaign.
→The company __________________________________________________________________.
4. Everyone expects that t
he soap opera will end next year.
→The soap opera _________________________________________________________________.
5. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
→The prisoner ___________________________________________________________________.
6. It is reported that many people are homeless after the floods.
→ Many people __________________________________________________________________.

7. Lots of people believe that the Prime Minister and his wife separated.
→ The Prime Minister _____________________________________________________________.
8. They know that we live in a small flat on the fifth floor.
→ We __________________________________________________________________________.
9. They say that Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi earn the most money among other players.
→Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi ________________________________________________.
10. Someone reported that the President had suffered a heart attack.
→ The President __________________________________________________________________.
Bài 14. Rewrite the sentences
1. I had my nephew paint the gate last week.
____________________________________________________________________
2. She will have Peter wash her car tomorrow.
____________________________________________________________________
3. They have her tell the story again.
____________________________________________________________________
4. John gets his sister to clean his shirt.
____________________________________________________________________
5. Anne had had a friend type her composition.
____________________________________________________________________
6. It was believed that the fire was caused by a short circuit in the lift machinery.
____________________________________________________________________
7. They say that Francis is in hospital.
____________________________________________________________________
8. They believe that she will win a gold medal.
____________________________________________________________________
9. People said that he was nice to his friends.
____________________________________________________________________
10. They reported that the bus driver died after the accident.
____________________________________________________________________
Luyện tập 2
Bài 15. Circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer

1. Mr. Wilson is _______ as Willie to his friend.
A. knowing B. knew C. known D. is known
2. The room is being _______ at the moment.
A. was cleaned B. cleaned C. cleaning D. clean
3. My wedding ring _______ of yellow and white gold.
A. is made B. is making C. made D. makes
4. If your brother _______, he would come.
A. invited B. were invited C. were inviting D. invites
5. References _______ in the examination room.
A. not are used B. is not used C. didn’t used D. are not used
6. Laura _______ in Boston.
A. are born B. were born C. was born D. born
7. My mother is going _______ this house.
A. sold B. to be sold C. to sold D. to sell
8. There’s somebody behind us. I think we are _______.
A. being followed B. followed C. follow D. following
9. Have you _______ by a dog?
A. bite B. ever been bit C. ever been bitten D. bit
10. The road to our village _______ widened next year.
A. is B. will C. can D. will be
11. All bottles ________ before transportation.

A. frozen B. is frozen C. was frozen D. were frozen
12. Everything ________.
A. were forbidden B. is forbidden C. is forbidded D. are forbidden
13. Everything ________.
A. are going to be forgotten B. is going to be forgotten
C. is going to be forgot D. were going to be forgotten
14. It _______ for years.
A. has not be known B. had not be known C. had not been known D. have not been known
15. It _______ that learning English is easy.
A. are said B. said C. is said D. is sayed
16. John and Ann ________.
A. were not mislead B. were not misleeded C. was not misled D. were not misled
17. Our horses ________.
A. are well feeded B. are well fed C. is well fed D. is well feeded
18. Peter and Tom ________ in an accident yesterday.
A. is hurt B. is hurted C. were hurt D. were hurted
19. South Florida and HawaiI _________ by a hurricane.
A. is hit B. have been hit C. have are hit D. has been hit
20. The battles ________ for liberation.
A. had be fought B. had been fighted C. had been fought D. has been fought
21. We can’t go along here because the road ________.
A. is repairing B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. repairs
22. The story I’ve just read _______ Agatha Christie.
A. was written B. was written by C. was written from D. wrote by
23. I’m going to go out and _______.
A. have cut my hair B. have my hair cut C. cut my hair D. my hair be cut
24. Many US automobiles _______ in Detroit, Michigan
A. manufacture B. have manufactured C. are manufactured D. are manufacturing
25. A lot of pesticide residue can _______ in unwashed products.
A. find B. found C. be finding D. be found
26. We _______ by a loud noise during the night.
A. woke up B. are woken up C. were woken up D. were waking up
27. Some film stars ________ difficult to work with.
A. are said be B. are said to be C. say to be D. said to be
28. Why did Tom keep making jokes about me? I don’t enjoy _______ at.
A. be laughed B. to be laughed C. laughing D. being laughed
29. Today, many serious childhood diseases _______ by early immunization.
A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevented
30. Do you get your heating ________ every year?
A. checking B. check C. be checked D. checked

1. Somebody cleans the room every day.
A. The room every day is cleaned. B. The room is every day cleaned.
C. The room is cleaned every day. D. Every day is cleaned the room.
2. They cancelled all flights because of fog.
A. All flights because of fog were cancelled. B. All flights were cancelled because of fog.
C. All flights was cancelled because of fog. D. Because of fog was cancelled all flights.
3. They are building a new highway around the city.
A. A new highway is built around the city. B. A new highway is being built around the city.
C. A new highway is building around the city. D. Around the city is being built a new highway.
4. They have built a new hospital near the airport.
A. A new hospital has been built near the airport.
B. The airport has been built near a new hospital.

C. A new hospital have been built near the airport.
D. A new hospital has built near the airport.
5. They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview.
A. You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview.
B. A lot of questions will be asked at the interview.
C. A lot of questions will ask you at the interview.
D. A&B are correct.
6. People don’t use this road very often.
A. This road is not used very often. B. Not very often this road is not used.
C. This road very often is not used. D. This road not very often is used.
7. Somebody accused me of stealing money.
A. I was accused of stealing money. B. I was been accused of stealing money.
C. I accused of stealing money by somebody. D. I were accused of stealing money.
8. Somebody is using the computer at the moment.
A. The computer is used at the moment. B. At the moment is being used the computer.
C. The computer is using at the moment. D. The computer is being used at the moment.
9. They have changed the date of the meeting.
A. The date of the meeting has changed. B. The date of the meeting have been changed.
C. The meeting has been changed the date. D. The date of the meeting has been changed.
10. Where did they make your shoes?
A. Where were they made your shoes? B. Where did your shoes made?
C. Where were your shoes made? D. Where were your shoes make?

1. They think that he has died a natural death.
A. It is thought that he has died a natural death. B. They thought that he died a natural death.
C. He is thought to have died a natural death. D. A & C are correct
2. They say that John is the brightest student in class.
A. They said that John is the brightest student in class.
B. They said that John to be the brightest student in class.
C. John is said to be the brightest student in class.
D. It is said that John to be the brightest student in class.
3. Does he realize that they are laughing at him?
A. Is he realized that he is laughing at? B. Is he realized that he is being laughed at?
C. Does he realize that he is laughing at? D. Does he realize that he is being laughed at?
4. The manager had me do several jobs.
A. I was offers several jobs. B. I am offered several jobs.
C. Several jobs are offered to me. D. the manager had several jobs done
5. We found that they had cancelled the soccer match.
A. We found that the soccer match had been cancelled.
B. The soccer match had been cancelled.
C. The soccer match was found that had been cancelled.
D. The soccer match was found to have been cancelled by us.
6. They saw him search the truck.
A. He is seen searching the truck. B. He is seen to search the truck.
C. He was seen to search the truck D. He was being seen searching the truck.
7.His parents made him do it.
A. He was made do it. B. He was made to do it.
C. He made his parents to do it D. His parents were made do it.
8. I get him to cut my hair.
A. My hair has already been cut now. B. I’ve got to have the barber cut my hair.
C. I get my hair cut D. I’ve had my hair cut.
9.People say that the American women are used to living independently means
A. It is said that the American women are used to living independently.

B.The American women are said to be used to living independently.
C.The American women are said they be used to live independently.
D.A & B are correct
10.People think that he was born in a rich family.
A. That is thought he was born in a rich family.
B. He was thought to be born in a rich family.
C. That he was born in a rich family is thought.
D. He is thought to have been born in a rich family.
11. The teacher makes us study hard in next term
A. We are made studied hard in next term B. We is made to study hard in next term
C. We were made to study hard in next term D. We are made to study hard in next term
12. They said that the president had arrived in the city.
A. The president was said to have arrived in the city
B. It is said that the president had arrived in the city.
C. The president was said to arrive in the city.
D. It was said that the president arrived in the city.
13. He expects that his father will come back home.
A. It was expected that his father will come back home.
B. His father was expected to be come back home.
C. His father will be expected to come back home.
D. His father is expected to come back home.
14. They said that he was all right .
A. He said he was all right. B. They were said him was all right .
C. He was said he was all right. D. He was said to be all right .
15. The boss let us go home early last week.
A. we are let go home early by the boss last week.
B. we were let go home early by the boss last week
C. we were allowed to go home early by the boss last week
D. B& C are correct
15. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
A. The prisoner is thought to escape by climbing over the wall.
B. The prisoner is thought escaped by climbing over the wall.
C. The prisoner is thought having escaped by climbing over the wall.
D. The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall.
CONDITIONALS (CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN)

***
Cần nhớ
1. Các loại câu ĐK cơ bản:
Loại 0 Sự thật hiển nhiên If + S + V (hiện tại), S + V (hiện tại)
Loại 1 Có thật ở HT If S + V(hiện tại), S + will + Vo
Loại 2 Không thật ở HT If + S + V (quá khứ), S + would + Vo
Loại 3 Không thật ở QK If + S + had + PII (quá khứ HT), S + would + have + PII
Lưu ý: “BE” ở loại 2 là “were” cho tất cả các S.
2. Câu điều kiện Hỗn hợp:
 Loại 1: Mệnh đề điều kiện dùng điều kiện loại 3 chỉ điều kiện ngược thực tế ở quá khứ, còn
mệnh đề chính dùng điều kiện loại 2 chỉ kết quả ngược hiện tại.
If S + had + PII, S + would + Vo … (now)
Ex: If I had taken his advice, I would be rich now. (Nếu tôi đã nghe theo lời khuyên của
anh ấy thì giờ tôi đã giàu rồi).
 Loại 2: Mệnh đề điều kiện dùng điều kiện loại 2 chỉ điều kiện ngược thực tế ở hiện tại, còn
mệnh đề chính dùng điều kiện loại 3 chỉ kết quả ngược quá khứ.
If S + V( past) /were, S + would have PII
Ex: If I didn’t have this work to do, I would have gone out for a picnic yesterday.
3. Đảo Ngữ Câu Điều Kiện:
1. Loại 1:
Should + S + Vo, S + will + Vo
Ex: If he has free time, he’ll play tennis. => Should he have free time, he’ll play tennis.
2. Loại 2:
Were + S + to V/ adj, S + would + Vo
Ex: If I learnt Russian, I would read a Russian book.
=> Were I to learn Russian, I would read a Russian book.
Ex: If I were rich, I would buy that car => Were I rich, I would buy that car.
3. Loại 3:
Had + S + PII, S + would have PII
Ex: If he had trained hard, he would have won the match. => Had he trained hard, he
would have won the match.
4. Những cách khác để diễn tả điều kiện:
1. Unless = If ….. not = Except if (Trừ khi)
2. Imagine (that) = Provided/providing (that) = On condition (that) = As/So long as: Miễn là,
với điều kiện là
3. Suppose/Supposing (That): Giả sử như
4. Only if: chỉ với điều là
5. In case: trong trường hợp
6. Otherwise: Nếu không thì
7. But for + N/Ving : Nếu không vì
8. Without +N/ Ving: Không có
Einstein High School – 2021 -2022
Ví dụ
Câu điều kiện loại 1, 2, 3
Exercise 1: Choose the correct answer
1. Water_______when you heat it to 100 degree Celcius.
A. boils B. will boil C. boiled D. would boiled
2. If it_______tomorrow, we will postpone going.
A. rains B. will rain C. shall rain D. raining
3. If I ______ in London now, I would visit British Museum.
A. were B. had been C. have been D. would be
4. If he ______ the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him.
A. tells B. told C. had told D. would tell
5. If you didn’t wear shabby clothes, you _______ more good-looking.
A. will be B. would be C. would have been D. can be
6. If you had caught the bus, you ______ late for work.
A. wouldn’t have been B. would have been
C. wouldn’t be D. would be
7. If the doctor had arrived sooner, the boy _____ saved.
A. might be B. have been C. was D. might have been
8. I wouldn’t have believed ______ it with my own eyes
A. if I didn’t see B. if I hadn’t seen
C. if I haven’t seen D. if I wouldn’t have seen
9. The flowers will die________ you water them everyday
A. unless B. if C. if not D. in case
10. Unless she __________ home early, she won’t be able to watch this game show.
A. doesn’t go B. go C. goes D. went
Exercise 2: Give the correct tense of the verbs in brackets
1. If I see him I (give) ______________ him a lift.
2. The table will collapse if you (stand) ______________ on it.
3. If he (eat) ______________ all that he will be ill.
4. If I find your passport I (telephone) ______________you at once.
5. The police (arrest) ______________ him if they catch him.
6. If I had a typewriter I (type) ______________ it myself.
7. If I (know) ______________ his address I’d give it to you.
8. He (look) ______________ a lot better if he shaved more often.
9. If you (play) ______________ for lower stakes you wouldn’t lose so much.
10. If he worked more slowly he (not make) ______________ so many mistakes.
11. If I had known that you were in hospital I (visit) ______________ you.
12. The ground was very soft. But for that, my horse (win) ______________.
13. If you (arrive) ______________ ten minutes earlier you would have got a seat.
14. You would have seen my garden at its best if you (be) ______________ here last week.
15. If I (know) ______________ that you were coming I’d have baked a cake.
Câu điều kiện mix, điều ước wish
1. If she ________the lottery last year, She________rich now.
A. have won/would be B. had won/would be
C. won/would be D. wins/will be
2. If I________the homework last night, I________bonus today.
A. Had done/would get B. had done/would have got
C. done/would get D. does/will get
3. If I ________ you, I wouldn’t have made such a terrible mistake yesterday.
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A. was B. have been C. am D. were

4. If I had a brother, I ____________ abroad alone last year.
A. wouldn’t go B. wouldn’t have gone C. hadn’t gone D. haven’t gone
5. I wish you _________ here now.
A. are B. were C. will be D. would be
6. We wish you_________ come tomorrow.
A. will come B. come C. would come D. came
7. I wish I _______ the window last night.
A. didn’t open B. wouldn’t open C. won’t open D. hadn’t opened
8. They wish we ______ them some food yesterday.
A. had given B. gave C. would give D. would have given
Luyện tập 1
Câu điều kiện (Conditional sentences)
Exercise 4: Which type of the conditional sentences is used?
1. If I find your key, I’ll tell you. _______________
2. Daniel would have been home on time if the bus had come. _______________
3. She would be very happy if her friends came. _______________
4. My parents would have bought the house if it had been cheaper. _______________
5. If you had done your homework, you could have written a better test. _______________
6. If it rains, I’ll wear a raincoat. _______________
7. If it wasn’t late, I’ll would go shopping. _______________
8. If they had driven carefully, they wouldn’t have crashed into other car. _______________
9. What would you do if you saw a robber. _______________
10. If Lisa had got up earlier, she wouldn’t have been late for work. _______________
Exercise 5: Finish the sentences, use the correct phrases
1. I would go to the party ________.
A. if you had come with me B. if you came with me C. if you come with me
2. If I were you, ________.
A. I would not have played hockey B. I would not play hockey C. I will not play hockey
3. If he drove from Paris to Lisbon, ________?
A. which way would he have gone B. which way would he go C. which way will he go
4. If you wait a minute, ________.
A. I’ll go with you B. I’d go with you C. I’d have gone with you
5. My uncle would not stay longer in York ________.
A. if he has more time B. if he had more time C. if he had had more time
6. You would have slept much better, ________.
A. if you will take the medicine B. if you took the medicine C. if you had taken the medicine
7. If Linda does the washing up, ________.
A. her brother will clean the talbe B. her brother would clean the talbe
C. her brother would have cleaned the talbe
8. If she learned the new words, ________.
A. she can get a good mark in the test B. she could get a good mark in the test
C. she could have got a good mark in the test
9. If we had seen the film, ________.
A. we will not buy the DVD B. we would not buy the DVD
C. we would not have bought the DVD
10. The teacher will not be happy ________.
A. if we forget our homework again B. if we forgot our homework again
C. if we had forgot our homework again
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Exercise 6: Put in the correct verb forms. Use the Conditional Sentence Type I
1. If he (study) ______________ harder, he can pass an exam.
2. She may be late if she (not hurry) _______________.
3. If you are kind to me, I (be) ________________ good to you.
4. You (not pass) _______________ your driving test unless you drive more carefully.
5. He’ll be ill if he (not stop) _______________ worrying so much.
6. We’ll go to the beach tomorrow if it ( be) ________ nice.
Exercise 7: Put in the correct verb forms. Use the Conditional Sentence Type II
1. He (come) _______________ if you waited.
2. If you rang the bell, the servant (come) _________________.
3. If it (not, rain) _______________ a lot, the rice crop wouln’t grow.
4. If today (be) _______________ Sunday, we wouldn’t have to work
5. You would have to stay in bed unless your health (improve) _______________.
6. What (you do) _______________ if you got fat?
Exercise 8: Put in the correct verb forms. Use the Conditional Sentence Type III
1. If I had known that you were in hospital , I (visit) _______________ you.
2. If you (arrive) _______________ ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat.
3. If you (speak) _______________ more slowly,he might have understood you.
4. If I had known that the baby was hungry, I (feed) _______________ him.
5. If she had had your address, she (write) _______________ to you.
6. If she (write) _______________ more carefully, she might not have made too many mistakes.
Exercise 9: Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences
1. If I ______ a lot of money now, I ______ a new car.
A. have/will buy B. have/would buy C. had/will buy D. had/would buy
2. If I ______ you, I ______ do that.
A. am/will B. were/would C. were/will D. had been/would
3. If I had been offered the job, I ______ it.
A. take B. will take C. would take D. would have taken
4. I would have been very surprised if he ______.
A. refuses B. refused C. had refused D. would refuse
5. Many people will be out of work if that factory ______ down.
A. closes B. had closed C. closed D. would close
6. If she sells her car, she ______ much money.
A. gets B. would get C. will get D. would have got
7. They would be disappointed if we ______.
A. hadn’t come B. wouldn’t come C. don’t come D. didn’t come
8. Will John be angry if I ______ his bicycle without asking?
A. take B. took C. had taken D. would take
9. She ______ terrible upset if I lost this ring.
A. will be B. would be C. were D. had been
10. If someone ______ in here with a gun, I would have been very frightened.
A. would walk B. walks C. had walked D. walked
11. If I ______ the same problem you had as a child, I might not have succeeded in life as well as you
have.
A.have B. would have C. had had D. should have
12. I ______ you sooner if someone told me you were in the hospital.
A. would have visited B. visited C. had visited D. visit
13. ______ more help, I can call my neighbor.
A. I needed B. Should I need C. I have neeeded D. I should need
14. ______ then what I know today, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years.
3
A. Had I known B. Did I know C. If I know D. If I would know

15. Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people ______ the same language?
A. spoke B. speak C. had spoken D. will speak
16. If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this, ______ this incident again.
A. I never mention B. will I never mention C. I don’t mention D. I will never mention
17. I didn’t know you were asleep. Otherwise, I ______ so much noise when I came in.
A. didn’t make B. won’t make C. don’t make D. wouldn’t have made
18. Unless you ______ all of my questions, I can’t do anything to help you.
A. answered B. answer C. would answer D. are answering
19. Had you told me that this was going to happen, I ______ it.
A. don’t believe B. hadn’t believed
C. can’t believe D. would have never believed
20. If Jake ______ to go on the trip, would you have gone?
A. doesn’t agree B. didn’t agree C. hadn’t agreed D. wouldn’t agree
21. If I had known you were in hospital, I _______ to see you.
A. will go B. would go C. went D. would have gone
22. If he ______ a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post.
A. had had B. had C. has D. has had
23. The patient could not recover unless he ______ an operation.
A. had undergone B. would undergo C. underwent D. undergoing
24. If there ______, the rice fields could have been more productive.
A. would be enough water B. were enough water
C. are enough water D. had been enough water
25. If I ______ the rain yesterday, I ______ ill now.
A. had not caught/would have been B. had not caught/would have not been
C. have not caught/were not D. had not caught/wouldn’t be
26. It’s too bad, Lan isn’t here. If she ______ here, she ______ what to do.
A. were/would know B. is/will know
C. had been/would have known D. was/would know
27. If I _______ my wallet at home this morning, I ______ money for lunch now.
A. leave/will have B. didn’t leave/would have
C. hadn’t left/would have D. hadn’t left/would have had
28. I will never talk to you again _______ you apologize me _______ your being rude.
A. if/for B. unless/for C. or/of D. whether/or
29. I think you should stop smoking.
A. If I am you, I will stop smoking.
B. If I had been you, I would have stopped smoking.
C. If I were you, I will stop smoking.
D. If I were you, I would stop smoking.
30. Unfortunately, I don’t know Philosophy, so I can’t answer your question.
A. If I know Philosophy, I can answer your question.
B. If I know Philosophy, I will be able to answer your question.
C. If I knew Philosophy, I would be able to answer your question.
D. If I had known Philosophy, I would have been able to answer your question.
Exercise 10: Choose the best answer
1. In my experiments, the liquid is cooled to 32ºF. It always freezes.
A. If you cool the liquid to 32 degrees, it froze.
B. If you cooled the liquid to 32 degrees, it would freeze.
C. If you cool the liquid to 32 degrees, it will freeze.
D. If you had cooled the liquid to 32 degrees, it would have frozen.
4
2. Without his help, we would all die.

A. We died because he didn’t help us.
B. He didn’t help us, so we died.
C. If he had helped us, we wouldn’t have died.
D. If it hadn’t been for his help, we would all have died.
3. Get in touch with me as soon as possible if you change your mind about the trip.
A. Should you change your mind about the trip, contact me as soon as possible
B. If you changed your mind about the trip, get in touch with me as soon as possible.
C. You should call me whenever you changed your mind about the trip.
D. Having changed your mind about the trip, you should get in touch with me soon
4. If it hadn’t been for the goalkeeper, United would have lost.
A. United didn’t lose the game thanks to their goalkeeper.
B. United lost the match because of their goalkeeper.
C. Without their goalkeeper, United could have won
D. If their goalkeeper didn’t play so well, United would have lost.
5. Had the announcement been made earlier, more people would have attended the lecture.
A. Not many people came to hear the lecture because it was held too late.
B. The lecture was held earlier so that more people would attend
C. Fewer people attended the lecture because of the early announcement.
D. Since the announcement was not made earlier, fewer people came to hear the lecture.
6. She is now leading a normal life as a result of all the support she received from social workers.
A. Had it not been for the social workers, she wouldn’t be leading such a normal life now.
B. Because she receives all the support from social workers, she is leading a normal life now
C. If she didn’t receive all the support from social workers, she wouldn’t be leading a normal life now.
D. Had she not received so much support from social workers, she wouldn’t be leading such a normal life
now.
7. But for his father’s early retirement, Richard would not have taken over the family business.
A. Richard only took over the family business because his father decided to retire early.
B. Richard didn’t take over the family business because his father didn’t retire early
C. His father retired early but he still ran the family business
D. Richard’s father didn’t want him to take over the family business despite his retirement
8. But for two minor mistakes, I would have got full marks for the test.
A. If I didn’t make two minor mistakes, I would have got full marks for the test.
B. I would have got full marks for the test if there hadn’t been these two minor mistakes
C. Had I made two minor mistakes, I would have got full marks for the test.
D. If the mistakes hadn’t been minor, I could have got full marks for the test.
Exercise 11: Write the forms of the INVERSION of conditional sentences and then choose the correct
answers
Type 1: .....................................................................................................
Type 2: .....................................................................................................
1. _______ it rain tomorrow, we may postpone going on a picnic.
A. Should B. Were C. Had D. If
Type 3: .....................................................................................................
5
2. Were we ______ the 10:30 train, we would arrive earlier.

A. take B. took C. to take D. had taken
3. Should she ______ to be chosen for the job, she’ll have to be experienced in the field.
A. wants B. want C. to want D. wanted
4. ______ she agreed, I would have done it.
A. If B. Had C. Should D. Would
5. - “My car broke down when I was leaving Detroit and I had to take the bus.”
- “______, we would have picked you up.”
A. Had we known B. If we have known C. We had known D. If we did know
6. ______ interested in that subject, I would try to learn more about it.
A. Were I B. Should I C. I was D. If I am
7. ______ resigned, we would have been force to sack him.
A. Had he not B. Hadn’t he C. He had not D. He not had
8. Had I had some more money, I _______ that book.
A. would buy B. would have bought C. will buy D. All are correct.
9. _______, you would have succeeded in your business.
A. If you listened to my advice B. Were you to listen to my advice
C. Had you listened to my advice D. As long as you listened to my advice
10. _______, he would have been able to pass the exam.
A. If he studied harder last year B. Provided he studied hard last year
C. Studying harder last year D. Had he studied harder last year
11. ______ anything suspicious arise, please let me know at once.
A. Should B. Would C. Can D. Did
12. ______ further rioting to occur, the government would be forced to use its emergency powers.
A. Should B. Would C. Did D. Were
13. Had they arrived at the fair earlier, they ______ what they wanted.
A. had found B. have found C. found D. would have found
14. _______, we would be rich now.
A. If we invest in the telecommunication industry
B. Unless we had investment in the telecommunications industry
C. Had we invested in the telecommunications industry
D. Did we invest in the telecommunications industry
15. ______, you would have succeeded in your business.
A. If you listened to my advice B. Were you to listen to my advice
C. Had you listened to my advice D. As long as you listened to my advice
Câu mong ước (Wish)
Exercise 12: Circle the correct answer to complete the following sentences
1. I wish I (have/ has/ had) a lot of interesting book.
2. I wish I (would meet/ met/ meet) her tomorrow.
3. I wish I (was/ were/ am) your sister.
4. I wish they (won/ had won/ would win) the match last Sunday.
5. I wish they (played/ playing/ play) soccer well.
6. She wishes she (will/ would/ can) come here to visit us.
7. I wish yesterday (were /was/had been) a better day.
8. I wish I (can speak/ could speak/ will speak) many languages
9. I wish tomorrow (were/ will be/ would be) Sunday.
10. I wish I (am/ was/ were) a movie star.
Exercise 13: Put the verbs into the correct forms to complete the following sentences
1. I wish I __met__ her now. (meet)
2. I wish he ________________ here tomorrow. (not leave)
6
3. She wishes she ________________ her homework last night. (finish)

4. I wish they ________________ here last Sunday. (come)
5. I wish they ________________ us last week. (visit)
6. She wishes she ________________ her holiday at the seaside last weekend. (spend)
7. Does he wish he ________________ younger? (be)
8. She wishes she ________________ how to sing. (know)
9. We wish they ________________ or we will miss the bus. (hurry)
10. I wish I ________________ a doctor when I grow up. (be)
11. I wish I (not/call) __________________ him a liar.
12. I don’t have time to go to “High Quality Good Fair “. I wish I (go) _____________ there.
13. The weather is very hot. I wish it (be) _____________ cooler.
14. We seldom write to her. I wish we (write) _____________ to her more often.
15. John didn’t know how to swim. He wishes he (can/swim) ________________.
16. John didn’t buy the book. She wishes she (buy) __________________it.
17. We will not go to Ha Long Bay next week. I wish we (go) _________________there.
18. It is raining now. I wish it (stop) _________________raining soon.
19. My parents are at work now. I wish they (be) ________________at home with us now.
20. I know Nam will not lend me his car. I wish he (lend). __________________ it to me.
Luyện tập 2
Exercise 14: Rewrite the sentences basing on the suggestions
1. If we didn’t have enough rain, we couldn’t grow rice.
→ Unless we had enough rain, we couldn’t grow rice.
2. Unless Liverpool begin playing better, they won’t win.
→ If _______________________________________________________________________
3. Your English is not good. You can’t do this Exercise.
→ If _______________________________________________________________________
4. She didn’t read the passage slowly, the candidate didn’t understand.
→ If _______________________________________________________________________
5. I haven’t got a key, so I can’t get in.
→ If _______________________________________________________________________
6. You should take more Exercise because that’s the way to get fit.
→ If _______________________________________________________________________
7. You won’t get there in time if you don’t hurry.
→ Unless ___________________________________________________________________
8. Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying.
→ If _______________________________________________________________________
9. We can’t do the job if we don’t get help.
→ Unless ___________________________________________________________________
10. It might rain. If it does, everyone can eat inside.
→ If _______________________________________________________________________
Exercise 15: Rewrite the following sentences, using "Wish"
1. I can’t go to the party (and I like it).
→ I wish I could go to the party__________________________________________________
2. I have to work tomorrow. (I like to stay in bed).
→ I wish ____________________________________________________________________
3. I don’t get good marks.
→ I wish ____________________________________________________________________
4. I’m not lying on a beautiful sunny beach.
→ I wish ____________________________________________________________________
5. Hoa and Ba won’t go fishing this weekend.
7
→ They wish ________________________________________________________________

Một số dạng câu giả định
Exercise 16: Give some examples for the following structures
TT Cấu trúc Nghĩa Ví dụ
1 as if / as though + S + Ved cứ như là,
as if / as though + S + had P2 như thể
2 It’s (high) time (for sb) to V đã đến lúc
It’s (high) time + S + Ved phải làm gì
(dùng cho hiện tại)
3 Would rather + V (hiện tại, tương thích ... hơn
lai)
Would rather + have P2 (quá khứ)
Would rather S + Ved
Would rather S + had P2
S1 would rather that S2 + V
4 S recommend gợi ý rằng
request that S + yêu cầu
(should) V rằng
demand đòi hỏi rằng
It’s essential thiết yếu là

necessary that S + cần thiết là
(should) V quan trọng
important là
1. I would rather that you ______ me tomorrow.
A. call B. to call C. calling D. will call
2. I ______watch the football game than basketball game
A. like B. would rather C. prefer D. would like
3. Jane would rather that it ______ winter now.
A. were B. be C. is D. had been
4. Would you rather ______ in ink or in pencil?
A. write B. writing C. to write D. wrote
5. Henry would rather that his girlfriend ______in the same department as he does.
A. work B. to work C. working D. worked
6. It’s time you _______the house.
A. paint B. painted C. painting D. paints
7. Bob would rather that Jill _______ to class yesterday.
A. go B. went C. had gone D. have gone
8. It’s time we all _______ now.
A. had gone B. go C. should go D. went
9. John would rather _______ than worked last night.
A. slept B. was sleeping C. have slept D. had slept
10. It’s time _______ a car.
A. go B. buy C. to buy D. buying
11. She acted as if she_______ big amount of money.
A. had B. has C. have D. had had
12. He spends his money as though he _______ a millionaire.
A. were B. is C. be D. has been
13. He talked about Paris as if he _______ there before
8
A.be B. been C. has been D. had been

14. Tom acts as if he ________ my boss.
A. had been B. have been C. be D. were
15. Barbara looked at me as though she ________ me before.
A. has never met B. have never met C. had never met D. never met
16. The doctor suggested that the patient ________ smoking.
A. stop B. should stop C. would stop D. A & B are correct
17. It is necessary that she ________ the housework.
A. do B. would do C. doing D. done
18. They requested that I ________ early.
A. leave B. should leave C. left D. A or B
19. It is important that you _______ on time.
A. comes B. coming C. having come D. come
20. I requested that he ________ the work on time.
A. finishes B. will finish C. finish D. finished
Exercise 18: Rewrite the sentences
1. I don’t buy it because I don’t have enough money.
→ If I ____________________________________________________
2. I didn’t buy it because I didn’t have enough money.
→ I would ____________________________________________________
3. There was a test yesterday. I didn’t know that, so I didn’t study for it.
→ If I ____________________________________________________
4. I’m busy right now, so I can’t help you.
→ I could ____________________________________________________
5. He’s very thin, that’s why he feels the cold so much.
→ If he ____________________________________________________
6. I didn’t eat breakfast several hours ago, so I am hungry now.
→ If I ____________________________________________________
7. If John had played for our football team, we would not have lost the game.
→ Unless ____________________________________________________
8. If I won a big prize in a lottery, I’d give up my job.
→ Unless ____________________________________________________
9. If you don’t like this one, I’ll bring you another.
→ Unless ____________________________________________________
10. I’ll only help you if you promise to try harder.
→ Unless ____________________________________________________
11.If she doesn’t work harder, she’ll lose her job.
→ She’ll ____________________________________________________
12.You can use my car, but have to keep it carefully.
→ Provided ____________________________________________________
13.If the work is finished by lunch , you can go home.
→ Get ____________________________________________________
14.Keeping calm is the secret of passing your driving test.
→ As long as ____________________________________________________
15.You must work harder or you won’t pass the exam.
→ You won’t ____________________________________________________
16. Without Jack’s help, I wouldn’t have been able to move the table.
→ If ____________________________________________________

Anh 12 Giai Đo N 1 Hs

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Anh 12 Giai Đo N 1 Hs

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© 2021 HỆ THỐNG GD ANHXTANH

BÀI TẬP TỪ VỰNG

UNIT 6. ENDANGERED SPECIES

A. serve B. prepare C. reserve D. conserve

A. come in B. run short C. run away D. remain intact

3. In paragraph 1, the word they refers to ____.

Unit 7. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

A. Research B. Researchers C. Researches D. Researching

C. in the mid-1920s D. in the late 1920s

126. A. development B. evolution C. movement D. progress

BÀI TẬP NGỮ PHÁP

CHƯƠNG 5: MỆNH ĐỀ TRANG NGỮ

BÀI TẬP MỆNH ĐỀ NHƯỢNG BỘ

Ex2: Rewrite the following sentences:

5. She is going on a diet but she can’t lose any weight.

A. because of B. despite C. though D. because

14. _______ he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.

37. ___________ having little money, they are happy.

Ex6. Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

3. Although our grandfather was old but he could help us.

D. He is not only young but also has a big fortune.

C. Despite his hurt leg, he managed to drive a car.

BÀI TẬP MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ NGUYÊN NHÂN

Ex1: Rewrite the following sentences:

Ex2: Choose the best answer

Ex3: Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D to complete each sentence.

A. However B. But C. Although D. Because

D. Cars cause pollution because people still want them.

Ex4: Choose the best answer:

22. ______the flight delay, they didn’t attend the conference.

Ex5: Choose the underlined part among A, B, C, or D that needs correcting

PHẦN 2: MỆNH ĐỀ MỤC ĐÍCH – MỆNH ĐỀ KẾT QUẢ

II. MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ KẾT QUẢ:

2. Cụm chỉ kết quả:

BÀI TẬP MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ MỤC ĐÍCH

Ex1: Rewrite the following sentences using the suggestions

Ex2: Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer

Ex3: Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

B. in order to the pedestrians be across the road.

C. They whispered to make everyone hear them

A. to B. not to C. so as not to D. so that

Ex4: Choose the best answer:

A. in order that B. so that C. to D. for

A. so that not B. so as to C. in order that not D. in other that

BÀI TẬP MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ KẾT QUẢ

A. enough good B. good enough C. too good D. very good

1. These computers were so expensive for us to buy at that time.

2. He was _____ he never washed his clothes by himself.

C. Sue is so slow to understand what you might say.

BÀI TẬP MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ THỜI GIAN

Exercise 1: Use the correct tense of verbs in brackets:

A. has left B. had left C. will leave D. leaves

48. While I ____ in the street, I saw my old friend.

2. Bị động đặc biệt

2.2. have somebody do something  have something done

8. Mobile phone___________ into the exam room.

Bài 2. Choose the correct answer (Bị động đặc biệt)

Bài 8. Change the following sentences into PASSIVE VOICE

Bài 9. Change the following sentences into PASSIVE VOICE

1. People should send their complaints to the main office.

Bị động đặc biệt

Bài 13. Complete the sentences in another way, beginning as shown

(V1) was reported (V2) to be