Name Date Class

ALCOHOLS AND ETHERS

Section Review
Objectives
• Identify how alcohols are classified and named
• Predict how the solubility of an alcohol varies with the length of its carbon chain
• Name the reactions of alkenes that may be used to introduce functional groups
• Construct the general structure of an ether and describe how ethers are named

Vocabulary
• alcohol • denatured alcohol • hydrogenation reaction
• hydroxyl group • addition reaction • ether
• fermentation • hydration reaction

Part A Completion
Use this completion exercise to check your understanding of the concepts and terms that are introduced in this
section. Each blank can be completed with a term, short phrase, or number.

1
_______ are organic compounds with a hydroxyl group. 1.
Aliphatic alcohols can be classified as _______,
2 _______,
3 or 2.
4
_______ alcohols depending on the number of R groups attached 3.
to the carbon with the hydroxyl group. For example, 2-propanol 4.
5
represents a _______ alcohol. In general, alcohols are more 5.
soluble in water than alkanes containing comparable numbers of 6.
6
atoms because they are capable of intermolecular ______. 7.
7
Alcohols can be prepared from alkenes by a _______ 8.
reaction. In this type of reaction, ______
8 is added at the carbon- 9.
carbon double bond of the alkene. Another form of addition 10.
reaction is _______.
9 In this reaction, which is catalyzed by 11.
platinum or palladium, hydrogen is added to the carbon-carbon 12.
double bonds in a molecule to produce an _______.
10
Organic compounds whose general formula can be written as
11
R-O-R are called _______. 12
Ethers usually have _______ boiling
points than alcohols of comparable formula mass.
Chapter 23 Functional Groups 603
Name Date Class

Part B True-False
Classify each of these statements as always true, AT; sometimes true, ST; or never true, NT.

13. The addition of water to an alkene is called a hydration reaction.

14. Hydrogenation of a double bond is an oxidation reaction.

O
15. is an ether.

16. The benzene ring usually undergoes addition rather than substitution.

Part C Matching
Match each description in Column B to the correct term in Column A.

Column A Column B
17. hydration reaction a. the production of ethanol from sugars by the action of yeast or bacteria

18. fermentation b. the reaction of HBr with propene to form 1-bromopropane

19. alcohols c. the reaction of hydrogen with butene to form butane

20. addition d. a class of organic compounds whose structures contain an –OH group

21. hydrogenation e. the addition of water to an alkene

Part D Problems
Answer the following in the space provided.
22. Identify the following compounds as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohols.

a. OH b. CH3 — CH2 — OH

CH3 CH2 C CH3

CH3

23. Give the structure for the expected organic product from each reaction.

a. CH 3 H
Pt
C C + H2
H CH 3

b. CH 3 H
H+
C C + H 2O
H H
604 Core Teaching Resources