CE 462 Foundation Engineering II Department of Civil Engineering

Middle East Technical University, Ankara,Turkey Prof. Dr. K. Önder Çetin

ASSIGNMENT 4
Due: 12.05.2014

1) A power transmission pier is subjected to characteristic permanent tensile load Gk and

variable tensile load Qk of 1200 and 300 kN, respectively, and it is to be supported by
bored cast in place concrete piles installed in sub-angular, well-graded, medium-dense
to dense sand, where overburden and procedure corrected standard penetration test
(SPT) blowcounts, N1,60 are reported to be 15 blows/30 cm. If ground water table is
observed to be located at a depth of 1 m below ground surface, select a set of suitable
lengths for a pile diameter of Ф60 cm based on Eurocode Design Approaches 1
through 3. Ignore pile group effects. Assume unit weights of sand and concrete are 21
and 25 kN/m3, respectively

Hint (Adopted from Bond and Harris, 2008):

2) A ϕ50 cm precast concrete pile for an off-shore structure is driven into thick medium
dense clean sand layer. If depth to sea bed is 4 meters, estimate the ultimate tensile
resistance for pile lengths of 8, 10, 12,14 and 16 meters by using DM 7-2 (1982)
procedure. Use the Ks values given below.

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Assignment 4: Piles Subjected to Uplift
CE 462 Foundation Engineering II Department of Civil Engineering
Middle East Technical University, Ankara,Turkey Prof. Dr. K. Önder Çetin

3) If 9 of this ϕ50 cm precast concrete piles given in Question 2 are installed in a square
pattern, 1.5 m center to center and are joined at the top by a square pile raft (cap),
estimate average tensile capacity of a single pile in pile group based on 75 degree
rule.

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Assignment 4: Piles Subjected to Uplift
CE 462 Foundation Engineering II Department of Civil Engineering
Middle East Technical University, Ankara,Turkey Prof. Dr. K. Önder Çetin

Euro-code Design Approach 1

“The philosophy of Design Approach 1 is to check reliability with two different combinations
of partial factors. In Combination 1 for pile foundations, partial factors are applied to actions
and small factors to resistances, while ground strengths (when used) are left unfactored. This
is achieved by employing factors from Sets A1, M1, and R1. The crosses on the diagram
indicate that the factors in Set M1 are all 1.0 (and hence strengths are, in effect, unfactored)
and that tolerances Δa are not routinely applied to dimensions.

In Combination 2, partial factors are applied to resistances and to variable actions, while
permanent actions and ground strengths (when used) are left unfactored. This is achieved by
employing factors from Sets A2, M1, and R4. Once again, the crosses on the diagram indicate
that the factors in Sets A2 and M1 are all 1.0 (except those applied to variable actions) and
hence non-variable actions and strengths are unfactored.”

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Assignment 4: Piles Subjected to Uplift
CE 462 Foundation Engineering II Department of Civil Engineering
Middle East Technical University, Ankara,Turkey Prof. Dr. K. Önder Çetin

Euro-code Design Approach 2

“The philosophy of Design Approach 2 is to check reliability by applying partial factors to

actions or action effects and to resistance, while ground strengths (when used) are left
unfactored. This philosophy requires no amendment when used to design pile foundations.
Design Approach 2 employs factors from Sets A1, M1, and R2. The factors in Set M1 are all
1.0 (and hence strengths are unfactored) and tolerances Δa are not routinely applied to
dimensions.”

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Assignment 4: Piles Subjected to Uplift
CE 462 Foundation Engineering II Department of Civil Engineering
Middle East Technical University, Ankara,Turkey Prof. Dr. K. Önder Çetin

Euro-code Design Approach 3

“The philosophy of Design Approach 3 is to check reliability by applying partial factors to

actions and to material properties (when used), while resistances are left unfactored. This
philosophy remains unchanged when used in the design of pile foundations. Design Approach
3 employs factors from Sets A1 or A2 (on structural and geotechnical actions respectively),
M2, and R3. The factors in Set R3 are all 1.0 (except those applied to tensile pile resistance)
and hence resistance is mostly unfactored. Tolerances, Δa, are not routinely applied to
dimensions and the model factor γRd is usually not needed.”

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Assignment 4: Piles Subjected to Uplift