Causative agent : rubeola virus (Morbillivirus).

Reservoir: animals, humans

Mode of transmission: highly contagious virus that lives in the nose and throat mucus of
an infected person. It can spread to others through coughing and sneezing.
Also,measles virus can live for up to two hours in an airspace where the infected person
coughed or sneezed.
Incubation Period: The incubation period of measles, from exposure to prodrome,
averages 10–12 days. From exposure to rash onset averages 14 days (range, 7–21 days).
The prodrome lasts 2–4 days (range 1–7 days).
Lab. Dx: Laboratory testing options include serum testing for antibodies, viral culture,
and PCR.
Treatment/prevention:
There's no specific treatment for an established measles infection. However, some
measures can be taken to protect vulnerable individuals who have been exposed to the
virus.
• Post-exposure vaccination. Nonimmunized people, including infants, may be
given the measles vaccination within 72 hours of exposure to the measles virus to
provide protection against the disease. If measles still develops, the illness usually has
milder symptoms and lasts for a shorter time.
• Immune serum globulin. Pregnant women, infants and people with weakened
immune systems who are exposed to the virus may receive an injection of proteins
(antibodies) called immune serum globulin. When given within six days of exposure to
the virus, these antibodies can prevent measles or make symptoms less sev