COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

 With old computers, users would have to provide the data to the machine
whilst it was running. This is rubbish because a human would have to be
present all the time whilst the computer was running.

 In 1945, John Von Neumann came up with the idea of storing programs in a
computer to avoid humans having to supply data. This is called “Von
Neumann architecture”.

 This means that a computer would have its own memory which passes data
to the processor.

 The processor is also known as CPU (Central Processing Unit)

 A CPU contains the control unit, Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and Registers
 CONTROL UNIT: Controls the ALU, Input/Output…etc.
 ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT: Performs Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication,
Division, AND, OR, NOT
 REGISTERS: It’s basically the memory inside the processor i.e. not the RAM.
Where the processor stores the data before it does the calculation.
 An ADDRESS is a location of data inside the memory unit: RAM
 A Bus is a system that allows data to move around inside a computer. There
are 3 types:
 ADDRESS BUS: carries addresses between the processor and memory (1
Direction). Tells the processor where the data needed is inside the RAM.
 DATA BUS: carries data between processor, memory and input/output (2
Directions)
 CONTROL BUS: carries commands told by the processor to the memory or
input/output (1 Direction)