Empowerment educated generation ever; marked
by the internet
Technologies
silent generation – people who
were born before 1945; best
organized for their upholding
values; shows/have the loyalty
to their own beliefs and posses
a strong work ethic
baby boomers – born between 1946
and 1964; they believed that you
should dedicate your time and
effort into your career to be
successful; independent,
competitive, goal-centered,
focused
generation x – born between 1965
and 1979; works in specialized
and highly skilled jobs and more
likely to be valued by their
talents; easily adapt to a
continuous changing environment
generation y – known as the
millennials; grew up in a time
where technological explosion
and huge societal changes
happened; digital natives who
grew up surrounded by technology
generation z – composed of
tweens, teens, youth, and young
adults; most sophisticated and
Ä Static – known as flat page
or stationary page; the page
Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) – deals with
the use of different
communication technologies
ICT in the Philippines
• Several international
companies dub the Philippines
as of the “ICT Hub of Asia”
• There is a huge growth ICT-
related jobs around the
country, one of which is the
call center or BPO (Business
Process Outsourcing) centers
• According to the 2013 edition
of Measuring the Information
Society by the International
Telecommunication Union,
there are 106.8 cellphones
per 100 Filipinos in the year
2012
• Philippines is one of the
countries that benefits most
out of ICT
Ä Internet has been a vital
tool to our modern lives that
is why it is also important
to make the best of the
internet
Ä When the WWW was invented,
most pages were static
is “as is” and cannot be
manipulated by the user;
content is also the same for
all users; referred to as Web
1.0
Web 2.0 – a term coined by Darcy
DiNucci on January 1999;
evolution of Web 1.0 by adding
dynamic web pages—user is able
to see a website differently
than others; allows user to
interact with the page; allows
user to use web browsers instead
of just using their operating
system
features of web 2.0
1. folksonomy – allows user to
categorize and
classify/arrange information
using freely chosen keywords;
Twitter, Facebook, Instagram
2. rich user experience –
content is dynamic and is
responsive to user’s input
3. user participation – the
owner of website is not only
the one who is able to put
content; some websites allow
readers to comment on an
article, participate in poll,
or review specific product
(Amazon.com, online stores)
4. long tail – services that are
offered on demand rather than
on a one-time or vice versa
5. software as a service – users
will subscribe to a software
only when needed rather than
purchasing them; a cheaper
option if you do not always
need to use a software
(Google Docs)
6. mass participation – diverse
information sharing through
universal web access
semantic web – a movement led by
the World Wide Web Consortium
(W3C); provides common framework
that allows data to be shared
and reused application,
enterprise, and community
boundaries; component for web
3.0
W3C – encourages web developers
to include semantic content in
their web pages
web 3.0 – aims to have machines
(or servers) understand the
user’s preferences to be able to
deliver web content specifically
targeting the user; it has
everything that we need
web 3.0 is yet to be fully
realized because of several
problems:
1. compatibility – HTML files
and current web browsers
could not support web 3.0
2. security – user’s security is
also in question since the
machine is saving his or her
preferences
3. vastness – the WWW already
contains billions of web
pages
4. vagueness – certain words are
imprecise
5. logic – there are certain
limitations for a computer to
be able to predict what the
user is referring to at a
given time
trends in ICT
1. convergence
- technological convergence:
the synergy of technological
advancements to work on a
similar goal or task
- using several technologies
to accomplish a task
conveniently
2. social media
- a website, application, or
online channel that enables
web users to create, co-
create, discuss, modify, and
exchange user-generated
content
- six types:
a) social networks – allow
you to connect with other
people with the same
interests or background
(ex. Facebook, Google)
b) bookmarking sites – allow
you to store and manage
links to various websites
and resources; allow you
to create a tag that
allows you and others to
easily search or share
them (ex. StumbleUpon,
Pinterest)
c) social news – allows
users to post their own
news items or links to
other news sources; users
can also comment on post
and comments may also be
ranked (ex. reddit, Digg)
d) media sharing – allow you
to upload and share media
content like images,
music and video (ex.
Flicker, YouTube,
Instagram)
e) microblogging – sites
that focus on short
updates (ex. Twitter,
Plurk)
f) blogs and forums – allow
users to post their
 content (ex. Blogger, - used to promote your text/call you or
WordPress, Tumblr) business, gain new friends, pretend they are
3. mobile technologies and stay in touch with the someone else
a) iOS – used in Apple old ones name of risky, yet not as
devices (iPhone, iPad) - a source of entertainment father and risky as posting
b) android – open source through games, online mother their full name
operating developed by communities, and everything name of pretend/use this
Google in between your identity to dupe
c) blackberry OS – used in - one of the most dangerous siblings you
Blackberry device places address easier for
d) windows phone OS – closed - the information superhighway criminals to find
source and proprietary (anyone has access to this you
operating system developed highway) home phone use this info to
by Microsoft number deceive you
e) Symbian – original type of risks birthday makes you
smartphone OS; used by info vulnerable to
Nokia devices first name a hacker may identity theft
f) WebOS – originally used already know
for smartphones; now used plenty of stuff tips to stay safe online
for smart TVs about you even if 1) be mindful of what you share
g) Windows Mobile – developed you only give out 2) don’t just accept terms &
by Microsoft for your first name conditions; read it
smartphones and pocket PCs last name you will be 3) check out the privacy policy
4. assistive media – a nonprofit vulnerable to page of a website
service designed to help being searched 4) know security features of
people who have visual and for using search social networking site used
reading impairments engines 5) don’t share your password
middle name probably not the w/anyone
cybercrime – crime most risky of 6) avoid logging in to public
committed/assisted through use these shared info networks/Wi-Fi
of internet current and can use this info 7) don’t talk to strangers
privacy policy – tells user how previous for verification whether online or face-to-
the website will handle its date school(s) purpose face
online safety and security your phone you would not 8) never post anything about a
number want random future vacation
internet strangers to
9) add friends you know in real
life
10) avoid visiting untrusted
websites
11) install and update an
antivirus software on your
computer
12) make your Wi-Fi at home a
private network
13) avoid downloading anything
from untrusted websites
14) buy the software, don’t
use pirated ones
15) don’t reply/click links
from suspicious emails
internet threats
1) malware – malicious software
a. virus – replicate itself and
transfer from one computer
to another either through
internet and local networks
or data storage like flash
drives and CDs
b. worm – transfers from one
computer to another by any
type of means (ILOVEYOU
worm: created by a Filipino)
c. trojan – disguised as a
useful program but once
downloaded or installed,
leaves your PC unprotected
and allows hackers to get
your information
rogue security software –
tricks the user into
posing that it is a
security software
d. spyware – program that runs
in background w/o you
knowing it; ability to
monitor what you are
currently doing and typing
thru keylogging
keyloggers – record the
keystroke done by users;
done to steal password or
any other sensitive info
e. adware – designed to send
you advertisements, mostly
as pop-ups
2) spam – unwanted email; used
to send malware
3) phishing – to acquire
sensitive personal info;
sending an email that will
direct user to visit website
and be asked to update
his/her personal info
pharming – more complicated
way of phishing where it
exploits the DNS (domain name
service) system
copyright – you have the rights
to your work, and anyone who
uses it w/o your consent is
punishable by law
fair use – an intellectual
property may be used without a
consent
to avoid copyright infringement:
¦ understand
¦ be responsible
¦ be creative
¦ know the law
tips in conducting online
research:
¦ have a question in mind
¦ narrow it down
¦ advanced search
¦ look for a credible source
¦ give credit
mail merge – a feature that
allows you to create documents
and combine/merge them with
another document/date file
two components of mail merge
Ä form document – contains main
body of message we want to
convey/send
Ä list/date file – individual
information/data/recipient’s
information
label generation – creates a
blank form document that
stimulates either blank label or
envelope of pre-defined size and
will use the data file that you
selected to print the
information
integrating/inserting pictures –
it improves the impression of
your document; common use is
when you’re creating a resume
kinds of materials
´ pictures – electronic/digital
pics/photographs you have
saved in any local storage
device
a) JPG. – short form for .jpeg
or joint photographic
experts group; suitable for
use when working w/full
color photographic images;
it doesn’t support
transparency; doesn’t work
well on lettering, line
drawing or simple graphics;
relatively small in file
size
b) .GIF – stands for graphics
interchange format; capable
of displaying
transparencies; good for
blending w/other
elements/materials in your
document; support up to 256
colors only; good mostly on
logos and art decors w/very
limited, and generally
solid colors; for logos,
drawings, small text, black
& white images, or low-
resolution file
c) .PNG – stands for portable
network graphics; built
around capabilities of
.GIF; development (purpose
of transporting images on
internet at faster rates;
good w/transparencies but
unlike GIFs it doesn’t
support animation; image
quality is remarkable;
allows control of
transparency level or
opacity of images
´ clip art – a .GIF type;
generic representations for
ideas and objects
´ shapes – printable objects or
materials that you can
integrate in your document to
enhance its appearance; allow
you to have some tools to use
for composing and
representing ideas/messages
´ smart art – predefined sets
of diff shapes grouped
together to form ideas that
are organizational/structural
in nature; used to represent
an organization process,
relationships, or flow for
infographic documents
´ chart – allows you to
represent data
characteristics and trends;
quite useful for reports that
correlate and present data in
a graphical manner
´ screenshot – a more realistic
image of what you are
discussing
text wrap – adjusts how image
behaves around other objects or
text
different characteristics of
text wrapping options
s in line with text – default
setting for images that are
inserted/integrated in your
document
s square – allows images you
inserted to be placed
anywhere within the paragraph
w/text going around images in
a square pattern like a frame
s tight – allows you to get a
more creative effect in your
document; text “hugs” or
conforms to general shape of
image
s through – allows text on your
document to flow even
tighter, taking contours and
shape of image
s top and bottom – pushes texts
away vertically to top and/
or bottom of image
s behind text – allow image to
be dragged and placed
anywhere on your document but
 w/all texts floating in front
of it
s in front of text – allows
image to be placed right on
top of text as if your image
was dropped right on it
Microsoft Excel – create
spreadsheets w/c can later be
used to analyze statistical data
Accounting Number Format –
number format used for
accounting
accounting – puts a dollar
symbol before each value by
default
Orientation – angle at w/c a
text is displayed
Count – used to count cells with
contents in a range
Sum – used to compute for
summation of number of range
Average - used to compute for
average of number of range
COUNTIF – used to count cells
w/a specific content within a
range
SUMIF – used to compute for
summation of range if a certain
condition is met
AVERAGEIF - used to compute for
average of range if a certain
condition is met; syntax
(average range, range, criteria)
Range – range of cells where you
want to look for criteria
Criteria – label that determines
if a cell is part of range to be
averaged
AverangeRange – actual range of
cells that will be averaged
Ctrl + 1 – shortcut key for
Format cells dialog box
designing your presentation is
the fun part of creating a
report for it gives you a chance
to be creative
quick tips in creating an
effective presentation
F minimize. keep slide counts
to minimum to maintain clear
message and to keep audience
attentive; presentation is
just a visual aid, most info
should come from reporter
F clarity. avoid being fancy by
using font style that is easy
to read; font size is big
enough to be read by
audience; when making a
presentation, consider how
big the screen is your screen
during report
F simplicity. use bullets/short
sentences; summarize info;
limit content to 6 lines and
7 words per line (6x7 rule)
F visuals. use graphics to help
your presentation but not too
many; use charts and graphs
F consistency. make design
uniform; avoid having diff
font styles and bg
F contrast. light font -> dark
background, dark font ->
light background; done so
that it is easier to read
hyperlink – text/object that
contains a link to another file,
web page, a place in a document,
a link to new document, or an
email address; shortcut key Ctrl
+ K
link to options:
existing file/web page – creates
hyperlink to website or local
file saved in hard drive
place in this document – creates
hyperlink that allows you to
jump to specific slide in
presentation
create a new document – creates
hyperlink that once clicked it
creates new document on
specified location
e-mail address – creates a
hyperlink that opens MS Outlook
that automatically adds your
specified recipient on a new
email
embeddings – act of placing
objects within presentation
image. representation of
external form a person or thing
in art; captured by natural
objects and phenomena
types:
o 2D – photograph or screen or
screen display
o 3D – statue or hologram
graphics. visual images/designs
on some surface
examples:
photographs, drawings, line
arts, graphs, diagrams,
typography, engineering
drawings, symbols, geometric
designs, maps, computer
graphics, numbers
layout. deals in the arrangement
of visual elements on a page
Basic Principles of Graphics and
Layout
D balance. deals w/the visual
weight of objects, texture,
colors, and space that are
evenly distributed on screen
D emphasis. area designed to
attract viewer’s attention
D movement. guides viewer’s eye
around the screen
D proportion. visual elements
that create a sense of unity
where they relate well with
one another
D variety. uses several design
elements to draw viewer’s
attention
infographics – information
graphics; used to represent
information statistical data, or
knowledge in graphical manner
Piktochart – a free online app
that allows you to create your
own infographic
PhotoScape – a free image
manipulation tool that contains
many features to help you in
creating images for websites
§ batch editor – edits
multiple pics at once; one
of its features
batch editing – easily
manipulate all images at the
same time
Photobucket – a free image
hosting site that allows you to
share photos over the internet
bandwidth – amount of data used
to download your image by
multiple users