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Music
Quarter 2 – Module 1:
Music of the Classical Period
MAPEH (Music) – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 1: Music of Classical Period
First Edition, 2020

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written for the learners. After going through
this module, the learner is expected to:
1. describe musical elements in the given classical period pieces.
(MU9CL-lla-f-1/ Weeks 1-4)
2. explain the performance practice (setting, composition role of
composers/performers, and audience) during classical Period; and
(MU9CL-llaf-3/Weeks 1-4)
3. relate classical music to other art forms and its history within the era.
(MU9CL-lla-f-2/Weeks 1-4)

What I Know

Activity 1: Multiple Choices

Directions: Read each statement carefully and select the correct answer by
writing only the letter of your choice on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Who among the following was a child prodigy and the most amazing genius
in musical history?
A. Franz Joseph Haydn C. Ludwig Van Beethoven
B. Johann Sebastian Bach D. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
2. Who was named as “Father of the Symphony”
A. Franz Joseph Haydn C. Ludwig Van Beethoven
B. Johann Sebastian Bach D. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
3. In which word sonata came from?
A. sonatina B. sonare C. concerto D. opera
4. Who bridged the late classical era and the early Romantic era?
A. Franz Joseph Haydn C. Ludwig Van Beethoven
B. Johann Sebastian Bach D. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
5. Which of the following is a musical composition work designed for an
instrumental soloist and orchestra?
A. Sonata B. Opera C. Symphony D. Concerto

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 Lesson
Music of the Classical Period
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In this module, you will learn the historical and cultural background of the
classical era. In the history of Western music, the term classical refers to the period
from 1750-1820. The classical music is a form of music that first developed in Europe
during the middle ages and continuously developed over centuries through different
periods of cultural and historical development to the present day.

What’s In

Activity 2: Where Am I Belong!

Directions: Classify the words/composers below according to the historical
period they belong. Write the correct answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Monophonic de la Halle Morley Handel

Madrigal Polyphonic Palestrina Bach
Chant Concerto Homophonic Handel
Vivaldi Mass Oratorio

Period Texture Composers Vocal and Instrumental

Forms
Medieval

Renaissance

Baroque

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 In the activity, the different historical periods are classified into composers,
texture, vocal, and instrumental forms. In addition, there is another historical period
with different composers, textures, vocals and instrumental music. You will learn
about them as you go through this module.

What’s New

Activity 3: Match the Right Partner!

Directions: Match the description in Column A with its term in Column B.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Column A Column B

1. It refers to the overall structure or plan A. Form

of a piece of music

2. In singing, it is the speed or pace of a given B. Harmony

piece

3. A multi-movement word for orchestra the C. Melody

symphony is derived from the word “sinfonia”
which literally means “a harmonious sounding
together”.

4. It is the virtualization of pitch; the way melodies D. Opera

interact with one another.

5. The way music is organized in time. E. Opera Buffa

6. A multi-movement work for solo instrument. F. Opera Seria

7. A drama set to music where singers and G. Rhythm

musicians perform in a theatrical setting.

8. It is a series of tones sounding in succession. H. Sonata

It is also known as linear/horizontal presentation
of pitch.

9. Usually implies heroic or tragic theme in a play I. Symphony

that usually employs mythological characters.

10. Made use of everyday characters and situations J. Tempo

in a stage play. And also employed spoken
dialogues, lengthy arias and was spiced with
sight gags, naughty humor and social satire.

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 What is It

MUSIC OF THE CLASSICAL PERIOD

Classical music refers to the period from 1750-1820. It is also known as the
“Age of Reason” or “Age of Enlightenment” because reason and individualism rather
than tradition were emphasized in this period.

During this time, there were significant changes in musical forms and style
distinguishing the music from those of the previous era. New music forms emerged
such as sonata, concerto, and symphony.

In this module, you will also learn of the development of classical opera such
as the Opera Seria and Opera Buffa which became popular among the different social
classes.

You will learn about the life and music of the greatest and most famous
composers of the classical era. They are Franz Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus
Mozart, and Ludwig Van Beethoven.

ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

ELEMENTS BASIC RELATED TERMS

Rhythm beat, meter, tempo, syncopation
Melody pitch, theme, conjunct, disjunction
Harmony chord, progression, consonance, dissonance, key, tonality,
atonality
Texture monophonic, homophonic, polyphonic, imitation,
counterpoint

1. Rhythm - it is the way music is organized in time.

2. Melody - it is a series of tones sounding in succession. Linear/horizontal
presentation of pitch.
3. Harmony - it is the virtualization of pitch; the way melodies interact with one
another.
4. Texture - it refers to the number of individual musical lines and the relationship
these lines to one another.

VOCAL AND INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC IN CLASSICAL PERIOD

1. Sonata - a musical composition usually for a solo instrument or small

instrumental ensemble and consists of two or four movements.

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MOVEMENTS OF SONATA

1st movement: Allegro-indicate to play fast quickly and bright movements

2nd movement: Slow Tempo (andante, largo, etc.)-mostly lyrical and emotional 3rd
movement: Minuet- is a dance movement with three beats in a bar
4th movement- Allegro

2. Sonata Allegro Form - the most important form in the classical era consisting of
three main sections: exposition, development and recapitulation.

SECTIONS OF SONATA ALLEGRO FORM

1. Exposition - corresponds to the first part of binary form that introduced the
theme.
2. Development - the middle part wherein theme is being developed.
3. Recapitulation - repeats the theme and typically presents once more the
musical themes from the opening exposition.

3. Concerto - from late baroque era for instrumental compositions, written

for instrumental soloist accompanied by an orchestra to exhibit the
virtuosity and interpretative abilities of the performer.

MOVEMENTS OF CONCERTO

1St movement: Fast: perform by soloist and the orchestra in sonata-allegro form
with exposition.
2nd movement: Slow: it has more ornamentation than the first movement.
3rd movement: Fast: the finale usually in a form of rondo and used of short
cadenza (solo passage inserted into a movement in a concerto).

4. Symphony - a musical composition usually works for orchestra. The

symphony is derived from the word sinfonia which means “a harmonious
sounding together.” It is generally performed in four movements.

MOVEMENTS OF CONCERTO
1st movement: Fast :(brisk and lively) with a structure of sonata form
2nd movement: Slow and lyrical: after a lively and energetic first movement, next is
the time to relax.
3 movement: Medium/Fast: dancelike either a “minute” (based on the old courtly
rd

dance) or a “scherzo” (light-hearted tune)

4th movement: Fast: (rollicking) the final movement is usually fast and furious
showing off the virtuosic prowess of the orchestra.

CLASSICAL OPERA

Opera - is an art form of musicians and singers performed in a theatrical setting.

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TYPES OF OPERA

1. Opera Seria - an Italian musical term which means “serious opera” in which
the story was a tragedy. Everything was sung without spoken language.
“Idonomeo” by Mozart is an example of Opera Seria.
2. Opera Buffa - is an Italian term meaning “comic opera” with entertaining
musical comedy. The Marriage of Figaro, Don Giovanni and The Magic Flute by
Mozart are examples of popular Opera Buffa.

COMPOSERS OF THE CLASSICAL PERIOD

FRANCE JOSEPH HAYDN (1732-1809)

-He was born in Pohrah, Austria and one of the most

prominent composers of the Classical Period. His life was
described as a “rags-to-riches” story.

-He came from a poor family and his music led to his rise
in social status.
-He was named, “Father of the Symphony” and his
famous works are The Clock Symphony, Surprise Symphony
and The Military. He also wrote chamber piano music and choral
works.
Suggested listening resources for Haydn’s instrumental works:
 F.J. Haydn Symphony no. 94 in G Major “Surprise” 2nd movement
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lLjwkamp3lI

 F.J Haydn Symphony no. 101 in D Major, “The Clock”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1L6p4B2hBs

 F.J. Haydn Symphony no. 100 in G Major, “Military”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3H72mQ_QG7A
WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART (1756-1791)
-He is a child prodigy and the most amazing genius in
musical history.

-He was born in Salzburg Austria. His father is Leopold

Mozart, a composer, violinist and teacher and his mother is
Anne Maria Perti.

-He was already playing the violin and harpsichord at the

age five, recognized as an exceptional pianist at six, and already
composing excellent music at the age of seven. At age thirteen,
he had composed different genres of music; opera, concerto,
chamber music, symphony, choral and vocal and instrumental.

-His famous works were The Marriage of Figaro (1986), Don Giovanni (1789), and
The Magic Flute. Unfortunately, due to mismanaged finances he lived his life in
poverty, died young, and buried in an unknown grave.

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Suggested listening resources for Mozart’s instrumental works:

 W.A Mozart Piano Sonata No. 16 in C Major, K.545 (so called facile or semplice
sonata)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dNbqRC4xtEg

 W.A Mozart: Piano Sonata no. 11, K331 in A Major, 1st mov. (andante
grazioso)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dP9KWQ8hAYk

 W.A Symphony no. 40 in G Minor, 1 st mov. (Molto Allegro)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hJf4ZffkoI

 W.A Mozart Serenade in G Major (Eine Kleine Nachtmusik)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z4Hfv00eqoI

LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN (1770-1827)

-He was born in Bonn, Germany. His father and
grandfather were both musicians and studied music at early
age.

- He was the composer who bridged the late Classical era

and the early Romantic era.

-His famous compositions include 32 piano sonatas, 21

set of variations, 9 symphonies, 5 concertos for piano, 16
string quartets and choral music. His works include Missa
Solemnes, Fidelio, Eroica, Pastoral and Choral.

-He began to go deaf in 1796 but this did not become a

hindrance. He continued composing through the help of an
assistant and hearing gadget and some of his famous
compositions were made when he was deaf.

Suggested listening resources for Beethoven’s instrumental works:

 L.V Beethoven Piano Sonata no. 14 in C# minor (“Moonlight”) 1st mov. Op.27
no.2 Adagio Sostenuto https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YmVCcF42f-0

 L.V. Beethoven Piano Concerto no. 1 in C Major op.15

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_O4ssd2EtRk

 L.V. Beethoven Symphony no. 5. Op 67, C minor

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-VVXqNt4qU0&t=22s

 L.V Beethoven Symphony no.9, Op 125, D Minor “Choral”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-v8SQRIKntE

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Over-all Summary of the Lesson

Compositions Settings Role of Composers Audience

Music was mostly of In the middle of the Composers wrote Nobility /
simple yet pleasant 18th century, simpler and less Aristocrat
character. Europe began to intense music to
move towards a meet the needs of a Middle class
Music is more new style in more diverse
melodic and often architecture, audience. Middle class
homophonic. literature, and the who wanted to
arts, known as Composers were become
Instrumental Classicism. It was busy creating musicians
compositions also pushed music for private
usually had 4 forward by changes concerts and
movements, and in economic order outdoor
each movement may and in social entertainment.
consist of 1 to 4 structure. The
themes. typical size of They were catered
orchestras began not only the needs
Name of to increase. of the public
compositions in Instrumental listeners but for
vocal and music was those in the middle
instrumental: patronized class who wanted
primarily by the to become
Sonata nobility. musicians as well.
Concerto
Symphony Composers
Classical Opera showcased the
instruments’
The piano became a capabilities.
popular instrument
during this period.

CHARACTERISTICS OF CLASSICAL MUSIC

1. Texture -Less complicated texture than Baroque (more homophonic)

- Emphasis on beauty, elegance and balance
2. Melody -Melodies tend to be shorter than those in Baroque, with clear-cut
phrases, and clear marked cadences.
3. Instrumentation -The orchestra increases in size and range. The harpsichord
falls out of use and woodwind becomes a self-contained section.
- The piano takes over, often with Alberti Bass accompaniment.
4. Music Styles -sonata, symphony, concerto, sonata allegro, opera
- sonata allegro form was the most important design.

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 What’s More

Activity 4: True or False

Directions: Read each statement below carefully. Write T if the statement is

correct, otherwise, write F. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answers.

1. Ludwig Van Beethoven was a composer who bridged the late classical era to
early Romantic era.
2. Classical music was simpler than Baroque music.
3. Homophonic was the prominent texture of C lassical music.
4. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was the composer of Fur Elise.
5. Johann Sebastian Bach is called “The Father of Symphony”.
6. Franz Haydn’s life was described as a “rags to riches” story.
7. At the age of 35 years old W.A Mozart died and was buried in an
unknown grave.
8. Classical music composers created music only for nobility.
9. Classical compositions were usually four movements with different themes.
10. Harpsicord was out of used and piano became popular during
Classical era.

Activity 5: Match My Partner!

Directions: Match the appropriate composers to his compositions. Write your answers
correctly across the composer’s image on a separate sheet of paper.

Wolfgang Moonlight Sonata The Magic Flute

Amadeus
Mozart
Surprise Symphony Ludwig Van Franz Joseph Haydn
Beethoven

Name:

Composition:

Name:

Composition:

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 Name:

Composition:

What I Have Learned

Activity 6: Find the Right One!

Directions: Classify the description in the box according to the musical styles
given below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

 A musical composition usually for a solo instrument.

 A musical composition usually for solo instruments accompanied by
orchestra.
 A musical composition usually works for orchestra.
 It is an art form of musicians and singers performed in a theatrical
setting.

Concerto

Opera

Symphony

Sonata

Reflections:

1. In which of the four musical styles do you like most and why?

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 What I Can Do

Activity 7: Who Am I!

Directions: Answer the activity below and share it to any member of the
family, preferably to your parents.

If you were given a chance to become a composer of Classical music, whom

you like to be? Choose from the different composers that we discussed and use it as
your inspiration.

Explain the reason for choosing that composer. What are the distinct
characteristics of that composer which is similar with your personality?

Assessment

Activity 8: Multiple Choices

Quarter 2 – Week 1 LESSON 1: MUSIC OF THE CLASSICAL PERIOD
Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the correct answer

1. A musical work with movements for an instrumental soloist and orchestra

a. symphony c. concerto
b. sonata d. rondo

2. A section of the sonata allegro form where the themes are introduced
a. exposition c. recapitulation
b. development d. Theme and variation

3. The general texture of Classical music

a. monophonic c. heterophonic
b. homophonic d. polyphonic

4. The term for serious opera

a. opera c. opera buffa
b. comic opera d. opera seria

5. The most important form that was developed during the Classical Era and usually the form of
the first movement of a sonata or symphony
a. minuet c. rondo
b. sonata allegro d. sonata

6. It repeats the themes as they first emerged in the opening exposition

a. exposition c. recapitulation

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b. development d. sonata

7. A musical composition designed to be played by the full orchestra

a. symphony c. concerto
b. sonata d. cantata

8. Which of the following is a noble and serious style of opera?

a. opera c. opera buffa
b. comic opera d. opera seria

9. It is a multi-movement work for solo instrument

a.symphony c. concerto
b.sonata d. cantata

10. It is called “ The Age of Reason”

a. medieval c. baroque
b. renaissance d. classical

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Answer Key

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References
A. Book

Badiola, M., et al. (2014). Music and Arts Learner’s Material – Grade 9.
Department of Education. Republic of the Philippines

B. Websites

Buckley, Matthew. 2020. Line Rider - Eine Kleine Nachtmusik (Mozart). February
25. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RC-pltRPPsA.

Estrella, Espie. n.d. liveabout.com. 2018. liveabout.com. December 23.

https://www.liveabout.com/the-role-of-music-and-composers-2456621.

World, Best of the. 2014. Ludwig van Beethoven - Symphony no 5 in Cm, Op 67 I

Allegro con brio. February 4.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iV0Y4UsKUHI&t=33s

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